全文获取类型
收费全文 | 1137篇 |
免费 | 53篇 |
国内免费 | 6篇 |
专业分类
耳鼻咽喉 | 1篇 |
儿科学 | 22篇 |
妇产科学 | 14篇 |
基础医学 | 141篇 |
口腔科学 | 3篇 |
临床医学 | 114篇 |
内科学 | 213篇 |
皮肤病学 | 18篇 |
神经病学 | 46篇 |
特种医学 | 25篇 |
外科学 | 210篇 |
综合类 | 9篇 |
预防医学 | 200篇 |
眼科学 | 22篇 |
药学 | 79篇 |
中国医学 | 4篇 |
肿瘤学 | 75篇 |
出版年
2023年 | 4篇 |
2022年 | 17篇 |
2021年 | 30篇 |
2020年 | 24篇 |
2019年 | 25篇 |
2018年 | 31篇 |
2017年 | 18篇 |
2016年 | 19篇 |
2015年 | 38篇 |
2014年 | 33篇 |
2013年 | 58篇 |
2012年 | 117篇 |
2011年 | 102篇 |
2010年 | 50篇 |
2009年 | 49篇 |
2008年 | 81篇 |
2007年 | 62篇 |
2006年 | 70篇 |
2005年 | 51篇 |
2004年 | 57篇 |
2003年 | 49篇 |
2002年 | 53篇 |
2001年 | 14篇 |
2000年 | 12篇 |
1999年 | 8篇 |
1998年 | 5篇 |
1997年 | 4篇 |
1996年 | 3篇 |
1993年 | 4篇 |
1992年 | 5篇 |
1991年 | 4篇 |
1990年 | 12篇 |
1989年 | 16篇 |
1988年 | 8篇 |
1987年 | 10篇 |
1986年 | 17篇 |
1985年 | 4篇 |
1984年 | 7篇 |
1983年 | 2篇 |
1982年 | 4篇 |
1981年 | 3篇 |
1979年 | 1篇 |
1977年 | 1篇 |
1976年 | 1篇 |
1975年 | 2篇 |
1973年 | 1篇 |
1972年 | 1篇 |
1971年 | 1篇 |
1970年 | 5篇 |
1965年 | 2篇 |
排序方式: 共有1196条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
21.
Rachid Sani Samuila Sanoussi James Lassey Didier Garba Mohamed Salifou Habibou Abarchi 《The Indian journal of surgery》2015,77(3):822-826
The purpose of the study was to evaluate the qualitative aspect and global impact of surgery in a district hospital (DH) since the launching of the surgery at the district level. Surgical care was provided by general practitioners (GP) who received 12-month training in surgery, certified by a “Capacity of District Surgery” (CDS) diploma. It was a prospective study during 4 years from 2007 to 2010. Of the 34 DHs, only 21 were functional and included in this study. Most of the DHs had two or more CDS (n?=?15). The majority of the DHs had one nurse surgical aid (n?=?16) and one nurse anesthetist (n?=?17). The total number of surgical operations was 18,441 cases; emergency cases represented 51.8 % and elective surgery 48.2 %. Regarding emergency surgery, cesarean sections revealed the most common surgical procedure (37.21 %), followed by wound debridement (19.42 %). In elective surgery, hernia repair and hydrocelectomy were the most common surgical procedures (69.60 %), followed by gynecologic procedures in 12.74 % of the cases. The global complication rate was 4.34 %. The global mortality rate was 1.04 % (n?=?192), 102 deaths following cesarean section (2.87 %). No death was encountered in elective surgery. Nine hundred and fifty-five patients (5.17 %) were transferred to a higher-level facility of whom 598 patients (62.61 %) were admitted for fracture treatment. The concept of district surgery has proven to be an effective tool to counter skilled medical manpower shortage to perform emergency and elective basic surgery at the rural level and could be adopted by developing countries facing similar health challenges. 相似文献
22.
23.
Malignant neoplasms are associated with a wide variety of paraneoplastic rheumatological syndromes. The paraneoplastic nature should be based on specific criteria. We report a series of eight cases of paraneoplastic rheumatic syndromes revealing an underlying neoplasia. Our series consists of six men and two women, with a mean age of 46.1 (20-69?years). The first case is a hypertrophic osteoarthropathy of Pierre Marie that occurred in a 20-year-old man 1?month after treatment for his nasopharyngeal carcinoma; the paraclinical examinations showed lung and bone metastasis. The second case is that of a bilateral shoulder-hand syndrome revealing an invasive squamous cell carcinoma of the cervix in a 63-year-old woman. The third case involved a 69-year-old patient who had surgery 2?years ago for prostate adenocarcinoma and presented with polymyalgia rheumatica revealing bone metastasis. We also report two cases of leukemia in adults revealed by polyarthritis. The sixth observation is that of a paraneoplastic scleroderma that occurred concomitantly with prostate cancer. The seventh case of an acute arthritis showed a B lymphoma. The eighth case is that of a 52-year-old patient who presented with inflammatory arthralgias, and digital clubbing revealing a squamous cell carcinoma of the skin. Paraneoplastic rheumatism remains a rare event, but knowledge of it is essential for early diagnosis of underlying cancer. 相似文献
24.
25.
Larissa Fonseca da Cunha Sousa Fernanda Matos Coelho David Henrique Rodrigues Alline Cristina Campos Lucíola da Silva Barcelos Mauro Martins Teixeira Milene Alvarenga Rachid Antonio Lúcio Teixeira 《Clinics (S?o Paulo, Brazil)》2013,68(3):391-394
OBJECTIVE:
Ischemic stroke may result from transient or permanent reductions of regional cerebral blood flow. Polymorphonuclear neutrophils have been described as the earliest inflammatory cells to arrive in ischemic tissue. CXCR1/2 receptors are involved in the recruitment of these cells. However, the contribution of these chemokine receptors during transient brain ischemia in mice remains poorly understood. In this work, we investigated the effects of reparixin, an allosteric antagonist of CXCR1/2 receptors, in a model of middle cerebral artery occlusion and reperfusion in mice.METHODS:
C57BL/6J male mice treated with reparixin or vehicle were subjected to a middle cerebral artery occlusion procedure 1 h after the treatment. Ninety minutes after ischemia induction, the monofilament that prevented blood flow was removed. Twenty-four hours after the reperfusion procedure, behavioral changes, including motor signs, were analyzed with the SmithKline/Harwell/Imperial College/Royal Hospital/Phenotype Assessment (SHIRPA) battery. The animals were sacrificed, and brain tissue was removed for histological and biochemical analyses. Histological sections were stained with hematoxylin and eosin, neutrophil infiltration was estimated by myeloperoxidase activity and the inflammatory cytokine IL-1β was measured by ELISA.RESULTS:
Pre-treatment with reparixin reduced the motor deficits observed in this model of ischemia and reperfusion. Myeloperoxidase activity and IL-1β were reduced in the reparixin-treated group. Histological analysis revealed that ischemic injury was also attenuated by reparixin pre-treatment.CONCLUSIONS:
Our results suggest that the blockade of the CXCR1/2 receptors by reparixin promotes neuroprotective effects by reducing the levels of polymorphonuclear infiltration in the brain and the tissue damage associated with middle cerebral artery occlusion and reperfusion. 相似文献26.
Hakkou J Rostom S Aissaoui N Berrada Ghezioul K Bahiri R Abouqal R Hajjaj-Hassouni N 《Clinical rheumatology》2012,31(3):441-445
The BASDAI (Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Index) is the most widely used instrument for the assessment of disease
activity in ankylosing spondylitis (AS). Objective. The aims to investigate whether the alternative BASDAI, here termed as the miniBASDAI [(Question (Q) 1 fatigue + Q2 spinal
pain) + mean of (Q5 strength morning stiffness + Q6 duration morning stiffness)] / 3], measures disease activity more accurately
in the subgroup of AS patients without peripheral manifestations. One hundred and ten patients were included in this cross-sectional
study according to the modified New York criteria for AS. Clinical and biological parameters were evaluated. The disease activity
was evaluated by the BASDAI. We calculated the miniBASDAI by omitting both the peripheral joints and the enthesitis questions:
questions 3 and 4. Patients were dichotomized into a “P+” group if peripheral manifestations were present (at least arthritis
or enthesitis) and a “P−” group, the subgroup without peripheral involvement (with either arthritis or enthesitis). Correlation
of the BASDAI and miniBASDAI with other disease parameters were examined with the Spearman's rank correlation analysis. One
hundred and ten patients were recruited. The percentage of patients with pure axial disease manifestation without peripheral
involvement “P − group” was 42.7%. We found a similarly good correlation of the miniBASDAI with patient global, physician
on disease activity, BASFI, ESR and CRP if compared to the correlation of the original BASDAI with these disease parameters,
also in the group without peripheral involvement. Our study suggests that the BASDAI remains valid in assessing disease activity
in AS patients with and without peripheral manifestations. 相似文献
27.
Jaussaud N Boignard A Durand M Bach V Porcu P Hacini R Blin D Chavanon O 《Journal of interventional cardiology》2012,25(1):95-101
Background and aim of the study: Postoperative pericardial effusion is frequent and can be complicated by cardiac tamponade. Although the different drainage techniques are well described in the setting of medical effusion, there is not a standard postoperative effusion treatment. The aim of this work was to assess the feasibility and effectiveness of the percutaneous pericardial drainage. Methods: This a retrospective study involving 197 patients from 1990 to 2008. Drainage was performed by subxiphoid puncture (91.9%) or left parasternal puncture (8.1%) between 3 and 690 days following a cardiac procedure via median sternotomy. Effusion thickness was at least 10 mm in the subcostal echocardiography view. Results: No deaths directly related to the procedure were observed. Complete and enduring drainage was achieved in 158 patients (80.2%). The procedure failed for 22 patients (11.2%) because no fluid was drained in 14 cases (7.1%) and a right ventricular puncture in 8 cases (4.1%). Recurrence of the effusion, which occurred for 17 patients (8.6%), was more frequent if an effusion of more than 5 mm persisted after the first drainage (P = 0.024) and if the drainage was performed outside the operating room because of emergency (P = 0.046). Risk factors for mortality were recurrence of the effusion (P = 0.04) and drainage performed outside the operating room (P = 0.007). Conclusions: Percutaneous pericardial drainage is effective to treat postoperative pericardial effusion. When the effusion is thicker than 10 mm and accessible, it can be the initial strategy and surgical drainage can serve as an alternate strategy in case of failure and complications of this procedure. (J Interven Cardiol 2012;25:95–101) 相似文献
28.
29.
Rachid Yakoubi Riccardo Autorino Ahmad Kassab Jean Alexandre Long Georges‐Pascal Haber Jihad H Kaouk 《International journal of urology》2013,20(9):931-934
The aim of the present study was to evaluate whether preserved kidney volume predicts donor renal function at 1‐year post‐surgery. Data of patients who underwent laparoscopic living donor nephrectomy between October 2006 and September 2010 were retrospectively reviewed. All patients underwent computed tomography scan with an estimation of kidney volume by using an automated segmentation algorithm. We also calculated kidney volume adjusted for donor body surface area and donor preserved kidney volume ratio (split volume). Estimated glomerular filtration rate was estimated using the Modification of Diet in Renal Disease equation. Predictors of the estimated glomerular filtration rate at 1 year were assessed by multiple linear regression. The 1‐year estimated glomerular filtration rate was available in 140 patients. The median age was 40 years, and median adjusted preserved kidney volume was 160.5 cc/1.73 m2 (interquartile range 143.7–177.9). Median estimated glomerular filtration rate was 92.4 (interquartile range 81.9–101.2) and 61.2 mL/min/1.73 m2 (interquartile range 53.4–68.7), respectively, at baseline and at 1 year. Preserved kidney volume adjusted to body surface area (P = 0.02) with age (P = 0.002) and preoperative estimated glomerular filtration rate (P < 0.001) were independent predictors of estimated glomerular filtration rate at 1 year. However, split kidney volume was not statistically related to estimated glomerular filtration rate at 1 year (P = 0.47). In order to maximize preservation of donor renal function, the pre‐donation kidney volume adjusted to body surface area might be a useful parameter to consider when deciding on living kidney donation. 相似文献
30.
Mustapha Alahiane Rachid Oukhrib Youssef Ait Albrimi Hicham Abou Oualid Hassan Bourzi Rachid Ait Akbour Ali Assabbane Ayssar Nahl Mohamed Hamdani 《RSC advances》2020,10(67):41137
The inhibition efficiency of benzoic acid (C1), para-hydroxybenzoic acid (C2), and 3,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid (C3) towards enhancing the corrosion resistance of austenitic AISI 316 stainless steel (SS) has been evaluated in 0.5 M HCl using weight loss (WL), open circuit potential (OCP), potentiodynamic polarization method, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis. The results obtained from the different experimental techniques were consistent and showed that the inhibition efficiency of these inhibitors increased with the increase in concentration in this order C3 > C2 > C1. In addition, the results of the weight loss measurements showed that these inhibitors followed the Villamil isotherm. Quantum chemical calculations and Monte Carlo simulations have also been used for further insight into the adsorption mechanism of the inhibitor molecules on Fe (110). The quantum chemical parameters have been calculated by density functional theory (DFT) at the B3LYP level of theory with 6-31G+(2d,p) and 6-31G++(2d,p) basis sets in gas and aqueous phase. Parameters such as the lowest unoccupied (ELUMO) and highest occupied (EHOMO) molecular orbital energies, energy gap (ΔE), chemical hardness (η), softness (σ), electronegativity (χ), electrophilicity (ω), and nucleophilicity (ε) were calculated and showed the anti-corrosive properties of C1, C2 and C3. Moreover, theoretical vibrational spectra were calculated to exhibit the functional hydroxyl groups (OH) in the studied compounds. In agreement with the experimental data, the theoretical results showed that the order of inhibition efficiency was C3 > C2 > C1.The corrosion inhibition efficiencies of benzoic acid (C1), para-hydroxybenzoic acid (C2), and 3,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid (C3) have been evaluated in 0.5 M HCl toward protecting AISI 316 stainless steel (SS). 相似文献