全肠外营养对早产儿营养、免疫功能及行为发育的影响

【目的】探讨全肠外营养(TPN)对早产儿营养、免疫功能及行为发育的影响。【方法】监测55例TPN治疗早产儿的营养状况、肝肾功能、血脂水平、免疫功能及矫正胎龄40周时行为发育情况，并与25例未行TPN的早产儿对照分析。【结果】TPN治疗组体重增长快、体重日增长及治疗后体重高于对照组，TPN治疗后血清蛋白、免疫球蛋白及补体水平升高，肝肾功能及血脂检查无明显异常，矫正胎龄40周时NBNA评分高于对照组。【结论】TPN能改善早产儿营养状况、促进免疫水平的提高和行为神经的发育，对早产儿的治疗有重要意义。     

Retinal function and histologic changes following intravitreal injection of indocyanine green in a rabbit model.

The aim of this animal study was to investigate the effects of intravitreal injection of indocyanine green (ICG) applied in macular hole surgery on retinal functional, morphology, and histologic changes. Eighteen (18) New Zealand albino rabbits were divided equally into three groups (6 rabbits in each). In Group A, both eyes of each rabbit were vitrectomized by perflouropropane gas compression. One (1) month later, 0.1 cc of different doses of ICG was injected into the vitreous in the left eyes. In the right eyes, 0.1 cc of balanced salt solution was injected intravitreally, allowing them to serve as control eyes. In Group B, the same doses of ICG were injected intravitreally. ICG was washed out by fluid-fluid exchange 3 minutes after injection. In Group C, the same doses of ICG were injected intravitreally in nonvitectomized eyes. Scotopic and photopic electroretinogram (ERG) recordings and indirect ophthalmoscopy examinations were performed to detect any functional and morphologic changes. Rabbit eyes were enucleated 4 months after ICG injections to observe histologic changes. Significant decreased of scotopic and photopic ERG amplitude and marked histologic changes were noted in eyes injected with 0.5 mg/cc and 0.1 mg/cc of ICG in nonvitrectomized eyes (Group C). In vitrectomized eyes (Group A), decreased scotopic and photopic ERGs and mild histologic changes were noted in eyes injected with 0.5 mg/cc, but no histologic changes were noted in eyes injected with 0.1 mg/cc. There was a transient, mild decrease in scotopic and photopic ERGs and no morphologic changes were noted in the eyes with fluid-fluid exchange (Group B). The toxicity of intravitreous ICG is dose- and time-dependent. ICG at 0.5 mg/cc, with short exposure time, is recommended in macular hole surgery.     

茵栀黄注射液治疗新生儿高未结合胆红素血症的150例

目的 :及早有效纠正新生儿高未结合胆红素血症 ,以预防胆红素脑损伤。方法 :在常规治疗的同时 ,加用茵栀黄注射液静脉滴注。结果 :治疗组胆红素日均下降值为 (50 17±25 26) μmol/L ,明显高于对照组的 (37 95±21 58) μmol/L。结论 :茵栀黄注射液治疗新生儿高未结合胆红素血症 ,可迅速降低血胆红素水平 ,明显缩短治疗时间。     

Characteristics and trends in incidence of inflammatory bowel disease in Taiwanese children.

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Although chronic inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is rare in Asian children, increasing numbers of pediatric patients with chronic IBD worldwide have been noted in recent years. This study was conducted to delineate the trend in incidence and clinical patterns of childhood IBD in Taiwan. METHODS: All children admitted to National Taiwan University Hospital (NTUH) between 1979 and 2000 who met the criteria for IBD, Crohn's disease (CD), ulcerative colitis (UC), probable CD (PCD), or indeterminate colitis were included. The clinical features and outcomes were analyzed retrospectively. Incidence was calculated using cases of chronic diarrhea during the same period of time as the risk population. RESULTS: IBD was diagnosed in 17 children (9 females and 8 males, aged 2 months to 18 years) during the study period. Six (35%) of these children had UC, 9 (53%) had CD, and 2 (12%) had PCD. The cumulative incidence of CD during 1979-1995 was 0.85%, and increased to 2.6% during 1996-2000 (p < 0.001), while the incidence of UC did not change significantly between these periods (from 0.85% to 0.99%, p = 0.16). The median interval from onset to diagnosis was 7.7 months. Eighty percent of patients had moderate to severe disease activity at diagnosis. The follow-up duration ranged from less than 1 year to 20 years, with a mean of 4.3 years. Two patients were lost to follow-up. Eighty six percent of patients responded to treatment, and 80% of patients had inactive to mild disease activity when re-evaluated at the end of 2000. CONCLUSION: There has been a marked recent increase in the incidence of childhood CD in Taiwan but the rate of childhood UC has remained unchanged. Eighty percent of cases of childhood IBD responded well to treatment.     

医疗机构门诊药房社会化经营的补偿政策研究与探讨

通过对陕西省29所医院的资料调查与实证分析，就医院门诊药房社会化经营的有关补偿政策进行了实证研究与探讨。     

广西壮族自治区农村1-14岁儿童溺水死亡危险因素的病例对照研究

目的探讨广西自治区农村儿童发生溺水死亡的危险因素。方法在广西自治区2县（市）随机整群抽取的20个乡镇中，筛查出在2002年1月1日至2004年12月31日期间发生溺水死亡的1～14岁儿童133例，进行1：2配对病例对照研究；资料分析采用单因素和多因素条件logistic回归分析。结果农村儿童溺水死亡以失足落水为主，男童高于女童（P=0．0264），夏秋季多见，大多数溺死在出事地点。经单因素及多因素条件logistic回归分析，危险因素有：母亲饮酒（OR=13．282）、村中无懂溺水急救者（OR=10．520）、遇小孩溺水看护人不知所措（OR=6．410）、儿童常在水边玩耍（OR=2．002）；保护因素有：经游泳培训（OR=0．004）、游泳时有看护人照看（OR=0．034）、看护人健康（OR=0．030）、有事和大人沟通（OR=0．347）。结论农村儿童溺水死亡的危险因素具有多元性，应采取干预措施，改变其发生的危险因素；应加强监管、加强安全教育。     

硝普钠诱导体外哮喘大鼠支气管平滑肌细胞凋亡

目的观察一氧化氮(NO)供体硝普钠(SNP)是否诱导哮喘大鼠气道平滑肌细胞(ASMCs)凋亡。方法W istar大鼠10只,用卵白蛋白作为致敏原建立大鼠哮喘模型,分离出大鼠的气道平滑肌细胞,用SNP(NO的供体)干预,通过四甲基偶氮唑蓝(MTT)法测定细胞生长率的变化,用原位末端标记法和流式细胞术检测SNP对哮喘大鼠气道平滑肌细胞细胞凋亡的影响。结果⑴MTT法测定:SNP 哮喘组的细胞抑制率明显高于哮喘组细胞存活率,(n=8,P<0.05),且呈浓度依赖关系。⑵TUNEL(原位末端标记)法检测:SNP 哮喘组的凋亡指数明显高于哮喘组,(n=4,P<0.05)。⑶流式细胞术测定SNP 哮喘组的平滑肌细胞凋亡率明显高于哮喘组,(n=4,P<0.05)。结论硝普钠能抑制哮喘大鼠气道平滑肌细胞的增殖,并且能诱导哮喘大鼠气道平滑肌细胞的凋亡,这种作用可能与治疗哮喘的气道重建有关。     

结核病相关信息获得途径的调查分析

目的 了解人群获得结核病防治知识的主要渠道，为结核病控制健康促进策略提供依据。方法 采取问卷调查的方法对抽取的4个省的2449名被调查居民、888名肺结核病、838名肺结核可疑症状者进行结核病相关信息途径的调查。结果 39．2％的居民结核病相关信息是通过聊天获得的，54．8％的肺结核病患者和34．5％的可疑结核病症状者是听医生介绍的。结论 群众获得结核病防治信息的主要渠道是聊天和听医生介绍。应积极开展面对面的宣传，发挥社区干部、基层医生和电视传播在结核病防治宣传中的作用，促进结核病防治知识普及。     

INTRACRANIAL ARTERIAL OCCLUSIVE LESION IN PATIENTS WITH GRAVES DISEASE

MHYAoitwhSTe GvHerarEv,Ne oIs Anldy igs9reaavpsieast i(eoGnrtDs m)wy iiosthp na iotnhtty ruanc acrsaosnmoicamilao tanerd.-ery occlusive lesions(IAOLs)associated with GD werereported in the previous literatures.1-6We presumed thatthere are some relationships between them,and at the sametime these vascular stenoses must be treated promptly,oth-erwise irreversible stroke will happen.So in current study,we investigated the clinical manifestations and the distribu-tion characteristics of IA…     

医院PACS系统的效益研究

PACS的建设是当前医院信息化建设的热点。文章根据在大型三甲医院实际评测的数据和效果,指出PACS在节约医院成本、提高诊断质量和医疗效率等方面为医院带来重要效益。