Vascular endothelialgrowth factor ( VEGF) is amultifunctional cytokine thatexerts in vivo a key rolein physiologicalneoangiogenesisduring embryonicde-velopmentor the female cycle and pathologicalneoan-giogenesis of many diseases including hypervascular-ized tumors,rheumatoid arthritis,and retinopathiesdiseases[1— 3] by stimulating endothelial cell prolifera-tion and vessel hyperpermeability.VEGF exists asone of five different isoforms,VEGF1 2 1 ,VEGF1 65 ,VEGF1 83,VEGF1 89and VEGF2 … 相似文献
BackgroundThe aim of this study is to compare the long-term functional outcome and quality of life between total knee arthroplasty (TKA) and fixed-bearing unicompartmental knee arthroplasty (UKA) for the treatment of isolated medial compartment osteoarthritis.MethodsBetween 2000 and 2008, a total of 218 patients underwent primary UKA at our tertiary hospital. A TKA group was matched through 1:1 propensity score matching and adjusted for age, gender, body mass index, preoperative knee flexion, and function scores. All patients had medial compartment osteoarthritis. The patients were assessed with the range of motion, Knee Society Knee Score and Knee Society Function Score, Oxford Knee Score, Short Form-36 physical component score (PCS) and mental component score preoperatively, at 6 months, 2 years, and 10 years. Patients’ satisfaction, expectation fulfillment, and minimal clinically important difference were analyzed.ResultsThere were no differences in baseline characteristics between groups after propensity score matching (P > .05). UKA had greater knee flexion at all time points. Although the Knee Society Function Score was superior in UKA by 5.5, 3, and 4.3 points at 6 months, 2 years, and 10 years, respectively (P < .001), these differences did not exceed the minimal clinically important difference (Knee Society Knee Score 6.1). There were no significant differences in the Oxford Knee Score and Short Form-36 physical component score/mental component score. At 10 years, similar proportions of UKA and TKA were satisfied (90.8% vs 89.9%, P = .44) and had expectation fulfillment (89.4% vs 88.5%, P = .46). Between 2 and 10 years, all function scores deteriorated significantly for both groups (P < .01).ConclusionUKA and TKA are excellent treatment modalities for isolated medial compartment osteoarthritis, with similar functional outcomes, quality of life, and satisfaction at 10 years. 相似文献
BackgroundPrevious studies evaluating weight changes following total knee arthroplasty (TKA) were performed on heterogenous cohorts. However, no study has evaluated weight changes in a cohort of simultaneous-bilateral TKA (SB-TKA) patients. This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of patients who lost or gained weight, determine if postoperative weight change influences functional outcome, and identify predictors of weight change after SB-TKA.MethodsProspectively collected registry data of 560 patients who underwent SB-TKA were reviewed. Patients were assessed preoperatively, at 6 months, and 2 years using the Knee Society Score, Oxford Knee Score, Short-Form 36, and range of motion. Change in body mass index (BMI) >5% was used to categorize patients into 3 groups: lost, maintained, or gained weight. Analysis of variance, Kruskal-Wallis test, and chi-squared test were used to compare functional outcomes between groups. Multivariable logistic regression evaluated predictors for postoperative weight changes.ResultsAt 2 years, 59% of patients maintained weight, 28% of patients gained weight, and 13% of patients lost weight. All groups experienced similar improvements in functional outcomes, rates of minimal clinically important difference attainment, and patient satisfaction (P > .05). Older patients were more likely to gain weight (P < .05). Patients with higher preoperative BMI were more likely to gain weight (P < .05) and less likely to lose weight (P < .05). Patients with greater preoperative comorbidities were less likely to lose weight (P < .05).ConclusionUp to 41% of patients experience significant weight changes after SB-TKA. Older patients with higher preoperative BMI were more likely to gain weight, while higher preoperative BMI with more comorbidities were less likely to lose weight following SB-TKA; however, postoperative weight changes do not appear to affect functional outcomes.Level of EvidenceIII, therapeutic study. 相似文献
The concentration of eco-toxic zinc oxide nanoparticles (nZnO) in aquatic ecosystems is increasing, and an effective method for their removal is needed. We hypothesize that microalgal cells may act as nZnO vehicles—if the nZnO concentration does not affect their swimming ability—enabling Zn diffusion and sedimentation. We conducted experiments using flasks connected via a U-type vessel; the first flask contained nZnO suspensions and second flask contained artificial seawater, respectively. We added microalgae to the first flask and illuminated the second. The microalgae appeared to promote sedimentation. However, only a few microalgal cells passed via phototaxis into the second flask, so the detection of nZnO or Zn ions in the second flask was not possible. Therefore, to confirm whether the microalgae affect Zn transportation, a more accurate method to detect nZnO or Zn ions at very low concentrations is needed.
We report the prevalence rates for dementia and Alzheimer's disease (AD) obtained from a probability sample survey of 5,055 noninstitutionalized older persons in Shanghai, China. A two-stage procedure was used for case finding and case identification. A Chinese version of the Mini-Mental State Examination was used to determine cases of possible dementia. Three different cutoff points on this mental status test were used depending on the respondent's level of education. Clinical evaluations, based on functional assessments and psychiatric interview, medical and neurological examinations, three standardized mental status tests, and a selected group of psychometric tests, were made in the second stage of the study to ascertain the clinical diagnosis of dementia and AD utilizing the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual for Mental Disorders, edition 3 and National Institute of Neurological and Communicative Disorders and Stroke-Alzheimer's Disease and Related Disorders Association criteria, respectively. The prevalence rate of dementia in persons 65 years and older was 4.6%. Clinically diagnosed AD accounted for 65% of the subjects with dementia. These findings indicate that the prevalence of dementia in Shanghai is very much higher than figures published earlier for China and Japan, and at the lower part of the range of values reported for community residents in the United States and other Western countries, but less than half of that reported in the recently published survey of the elderly in East Boston. Increasing age, gender (female), and low education are each highly significant and independent risk factors for dementia. One hypothesis to explain the increased prevalence in elderly women who had received no formal education invokes the possibility of an effect of early deprivation, perhaps lowering brain "reserve," allowing the symptoms of dementia to appear at an earlier date during disease progression. 相似文献