简易鼻塞式CPAP治疗新生儿呼吸衰竭50例

目的：探讨简易鼻塞式持续呼吸道正压给氧对新生儿呼吸衰竭的治疗效果。方法：对５０例新生儿呼吸衰竭应用简易鼻塞式持续呼吸道正压给氧,并与４０例对照组进行比较。结果：治疗组治愈率为５２％;死亡率为２１％;对照组治愈率为２０％,死亡率为６７５％。两组比较Ｐ＜００１有极显著差异。结论：简易鼻塞式持续呼吸道正压给氧是基层治疗新生儿呼吸衰竭的最有效的方法,值得推广。     

抗核抗体在甲型病毒性肝炎中的检测

目的:探讨抗核抗体在甲型病毒性肝炎中的检测及意义。方法:用间接免疫荧光法对58例正常献血员和39例甲型病毒性肝炎患者进行抗核抗体(ANA)的检测。结果:甲型肝炎中抗核抗体阳性率为77%(339),3例阳性均为甲肝急性期患者。结论:ANA存在甲型肝炎中,虽阳性率低,仍提示甲型病毒性肝炎中可能存在自身免疫现象     

结肠、直肠癌术前区域动脉灌注化疗的临床病理观察

目的 探讨结直肠癌术前区域动脉灌注化疗对临床病理特征的影响及其可行性。方法 对３０例结、直肠癌患者以Ｓｅｌｄｉｎｇｅｒ方法插管、行选择性区域动脉并行灌注化疗。结果 所有病例病理检查均发现沿血管周围的癌细胞发生核固缩、碎裂,胞浆凝固、坏死、细胞间质水肿、纤维增生、炎细胞浸因和出现内膜增生、血管炎及血栓形成。结论订前选择性区域动脉灌注化疗要明显发迹结直肠癌患者的组织学形态,并使患者临床症状改善,对结直     

酒精、乙醛对星形胶质细胞膜脂质流动性的影响

应用荧光偏振技术探讨酒精及其代谢产物乙醛对与神经细胞发育分化相关的星形胶质细胞膜脂质荧光偏振度（Ｐｒ）和流动度（ＬＦＵ）的影响。结果表明低剂量酒精、乙醛并不影响星形胶质细胞膜脂荧光偏振度和流动度,而在中剂量以上均可影响星形胶质细胞的Ｐｒ值,导致荧光偏振度降低,而细胞膜脂质流动度增高,均与酒精、乙醛剂量显著相关。同剂量酒精、乙醛对星形胶质细胞作用和流动度增加无显著性差异。但酒精、乙醛均可导致星形胶质细胞膜脂质流动性增加,致使细胞膜的结构改变。     

Decreased glutamate metabolism in cultured astrocytes in the presence of thiopental.

The effect of thiopental on glutamate metabolism was studied by 13C magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Cerebral cortical astrocytes were incubated with 0.5 mM [U-13C]glutamate for 2 hr in the presence of 0.5 or 1 mM thiopental. Labeled glutamate, glutamine, aspartate, and glutathione were observed in cell extracts, and glutamine, aspartate, and lactate in the medium. Not only present in the medium was uniformly labeled glutamate, but also glutamate derived from the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle, and thus glutamate release could be detected. The amounts of [U-13C]glutamate and unlabeled glucose taken up by astrocytes were unchanged in the presence of 0.5 mM thiopental and decreased to about 50% and 80%, respectively when the concentration was increased to 1 mM. The amounts of most metabolites synthesized from [U-13C]glutamate were unchanged in the presence of 0.5 mM thiopental, but decreased [U-13C]glutamine, [U-13C]aspartate, and [U-13C]lactate were observed in the 1 mM group. Surprisingly, the amounts of [1,2,3-13C]glutamate, [2,3-13C]aspartate, and [3,4-13C]aspartate (2nd turn via the TCA cycle) were unchanged. However, this was not the case for [1,2-13C]lactate and [2,3-13C]lactate. Such variations indicate cellular compartmentation, possibly caused by a heterogeneous glutamate concentration within the cells affecting TCA cycle turnover rates differently.     

石杉碱甲胶囊及片剂治疗阿尔采末病

目的;比较石杉碱甲胶囊和片剂对阿尔采末病的疗效和安全性。方法：采用双盲双模拟法将入选的６０例阿尔采末病人随机等分两组,胶囊组每次口服石杉碱甲胶囊４粒和安慰剂片４片;片剂组每次口服石杉碱甲片４片和安慰剂胶囊４粒,两组均每日两次;６０日为一疗程。     

论加速建立现代化中药制造工业的若干制药工程技术问题

本文针对我国中药制造工业存在的若干制药工程技术问题 ,首先着重分析了中药制药工程学的领域问题 ,指出其研究的目标和任务 ;其次 ,针对中药制药工程技术及工艺问题 ,分析了中药产品质量达不到稳定均一的原因所在 ;最后详细分析了现有中药粉碎设备、提取设备、制剂设备等中药制药设备的有关技术问题。在此基础上 ,指出了中药制造工业和国外存在的差距 ,建议加快推广先进适用的高新技术 ,优先研发中药制药过程全程质量控制技术及中药工业集成制造技术 ,以推动中药制造工业的技术进步。     

Veno-venous continuous renal replacement therapy for burned patients with acute renal failure

From 1995 to 1998, 12 burned patients with acute renal failure (ARF) were treated by veno-venous continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT) at the Burn Unit of H?tel-Dieu de Montréal. Their mean (+/-SD) age was 51+/-12 years, and the mean burned surface covered 48.6+/-15.8% of total body surface area. All patients were mechanically ventilated and presented evidence of sepsis. The mean delay before occurrence of ARF was 15+/-6 days and ARF was mainly related to sepsis and hypotension. Main reasons for CRRT initiation were azotemia and fluid overload. A total of 15 CRRT modalities were applied (12 continuous veno-venous hemodiafiltration, CVVHDF; two continuous veno-venous hemofiltration, CVVH; and one continuous veno-venous hemodialysis, CVVHD) over 14+/-13 days. For CRRT, nine patients received heparin and three were not anticoagulated. Mean values for dialysate and reinjection flow rates were 1134+/-250 ml/h and 635+/-327 ml/h, respectively. Admission weight was 78.8+/-12.7 kg with a mean weight gain before CRRT initiation of 10.0+/-5.8 kg and a mean weight loss during CRRT of 8.9+/-5.5 kg. Nine patients received enteral plus parenteral nutrition, and three, parenteral nutrition only; the total caloric intake was 31.5+/-7.0 kcal/kg/day and protein intake, 1.8+/-0.4 g/kg/day. The normalized protein catabolic rate (nPCR) was evaluated at 2.28+/-0.78 g/kg/day during CRRT. The mortality rate was 50%. The six survivors all recovered normal renal function with four of them requiring intermittent hemodialysis for short periods. In conclusion, veno-venous CRRT is particularly well suited for this selected population allowing smooth fluid removal and aggressive nutritional support.     

宫颈癌血管内皮生长因子表达与血管生成癌细胞增殖及侵袭转移的关系

目的　研究血管内皮生长因子 (VEGF)在早期宫颈癌的表达和临床意义。方法　采用免疫组织化学SP法检测 1998年 1月至 2 0 0 2年 2月期间 75例早期宫颈癌 (ICC)、18例宫颈上皮内瘤样病变 (CIN)和 15例癌旁正常宫颈上皮 (NCE)中VEGF的表达情况 ,并检测其中微血管密度 (MVD ,CD3 4 标记 )和癌细胞增殖标记指数 (Ki 6 7标记 )。结果　从NCE→CIN→ICC ,VEGF、Ki 6 7的阳性表达率和MVD均显著升高 (P <0 0 5 )。VEGF在ICC的表达与MVD显著正相关 (r =0 6 0 2 ,P <0 0 1) ,与盆腔淋巴结转移、脉管浸润、组织学分级和Ki 6 7表达显著相关 (P <0 0 5 ) ,但与年龄、FIGO分期、组织学类型和间质浸润无关 (P >0 0 5 )。低分化、盆腔淋巴结转移、脉管浸润及Ki 6 7高度表达者 ,与VEGF阳性表达显著相关 (P <0 0 5 )。结论　VEGF阳性表达可能在宫颈癌血管生成、癌细胞增殖、癌细胞侵袭转移中起重要作用。VEGF检测对进一步了解宫颈癌生物学行为和判断其预后具有一定的临床应用价值。     

透明质酸在宫颈上皮及宫颈癌组织中的表达

目的 :探讨透明质酸 (HA)在正常宫颈上皮及宫颈癌中的表达及其与肿瘤发生发展的关系。方法 :用免疫组化法检测 5 9例宫颈浸润癌、35例宫颈上皮内瘤样病变 (CIN)及11例正常宫颈组织中HA和CD4 4v6的表达。结果 :正常宫颈上皮不表达HA。慢性炎症者上皮底层细胞以及细胞间质表达HA ,随病变加重及CIN发生 ,HA表达增强。癌旁组织的上皮细胞HA呈强阳性表达 ,伴有基质HA强阳性染色。癌细胞HA阳性率为 6 7.2 7% ,与病理类型有关 ,角化癌高表达 ,而腺癌不表达 ,在低分化鳞癌中多见不规则灶性HA阴性区。宫颈鳞癌的肿瘤基质HA表达普遍增强。肿瘤基质的HA表达与CD4 4v6呈正相关。结论 :正常宫颈上皮不表达HA ,但炎症与致瘤因素可促使HA表达 ,HA的代谢失衡可能与宫颈癌的发生及浸润行为有关