成人先天性胆总管囊肿83例诊治分析

目的:探讨成人先天性胆总管囊肿的诊治。方法:分析2001年1月至2010年8月,我院83例成人先天性胆总管囊肿患者临床资料。结果:腹痛是其主要的临床表现(86.75%),其次为黄疸(56.63%)和发热(42.17%)。B超、CT和MRCP的诊断率分别为85.54%,92.86%和94.67%。83例患者中,72例接受手术治疗,术后随访51例(70.83%),中位随访时间38月(3月~100月)。患者术后恢复良好。5例随访的行胆管癌根治术患者中位生存时间为21月,4例行姑息手术治疗的患者中位生存时间为6月。结论:成人先天性胆总管囊肿的诊治应重视临床表现,MRCP有助于诊治。一旦确诊应早期手术治疗,以防癌变。囊肿切除和肝总管空肠Roux-en-Y吻合术应作为首选术式。     

通用型脊柱内固定系统稳定性的生物力学评价

目的　评价通用型脊柱内固定系统经椎弓根内固定装置的生物力学稳定性。　方法取 12具正常成人新鲜尸体T12 ～S3 节段脊柱标本 ,制成L2 3 、L4 5滑脱模型 ,测试标本在正常、滑脱、通用型脊柱内固定系统 (generalspinesystem ,GSS)与SOCON固定后、疲劳试验后、GSS与SOCON翻修后、再次疲劳试验后 6种请状况下的三维运动状况 ,比较各个工况数据的差异。　结果　L2 3 节段 ,正常状态前屈运动范围平均值为 8 3° ;制成滑脱标本后 ,运动范围平均值为 14 7° ;SOCON固定后 ,节段运动范围减至 3 0°,比正常状态的运动范围减小 ,差异有显著性意义 (P <0 0 5 ) ,说明SOCON固定后可产生明显的即刻稳定作用。疲劳试验后节段运动范围平均值为 3 6°,与正常状态比较 ,差异有显著性意义 (P <0 0 5 ) ,说明经过疲劳试验SOCON固定仍有良好的稳定作用。L4 5节段 ,正常状态前屈运动范围平均值为 8 6°;制成滑脱标本后 ,运动范围平均值为 13 7° ;GSS固定后 ,节段运动范围减至 3 2°,该节段的稳定性得到加强 ,运动范围比正常状态时还要小 ,差异有显著性意义 (P <0 0 5 ) ,说明GSS固定后可产生明显的即刻稳定作用。疲劳试验后节段运动范围平均值为 3 7°。与正常状态比较 ,差异有显著性意义 (P 相似文献   

阴道分泌物检查与细菌性阴道病的结果分析

目的探讨妇女阴道健康状况及阴道分泌物清洁度、线索细胞及唾液酸酶法检测细菌性阴道病(BV)的相关性。方法随机抽取2013年4月—2014年6月本院妇科疑似细菌性阴道病患者标本835例,分别采用生理盐水直接涂片及分泌物直接涂片进行革兰氏染色两者相结合检查清洁度、线索细胞;唾液酸酶法检测BV。结果清洁度Ⅰ~Ⅱ占27.55%,BV阳性率为2.40%,线索细胞检出率1.32%;清洁度Ⅲ~Ⅳ占72.45%,病原菌阳性率为46.23%,其中BV阳性率为30.55%,线索细胞检出率为23.48%。结论清洁度异常率比正常率偏高;清洁度正常不一定没有细菌性阴道病;BV的出现严重威胁妇女身体健康,正确的诊断有重要意义,唾液酸酶法检测BV虽有快速、操作简单、显色结果易判断,但温度、时间、取材问题等受多种因素影响。     

结缔组织病患者骨代谢的变化及云克对类风湿关节炎骨代谢的影响

目的：通过测定骨密度和骨代谢指标了解结缔组织病患者骨质疏松的发生情况和骨代谢的变化情况,并评价云克治疗类风湿关节炎（rheumatoid arthritis,RA）对骨代谢的影响。方法：选取2016年2月—2017年2月于江苏大学附属医院风湿免疫科住院患者共280例,其中系统性红斑狼疮（systemic lupus erythematosus,SLE）75例,原发性干燥综合征（primary Sjogren syndrome,pSS）45例,RA 160例。采用双能X线法测定患者腰椎和髋部骨密度,采用电化学发光免疫分析法检测骨钙素（osteocalcin,OC）、Ⅰ型原胶原N端前肽（N?terminal propeptide of typeⅠ procollagen,PINP）和Ⅰ型胶原C端肽交联（C?terminal cross?linking telopeptide of type Ⅰ collagen,CTX）。分别分析骨代谢指标OC、PINP和CTX与患者年龄、病程、体重指数（body mass index,BMI）、C?反应蛋白（C?reactive protein,CRP）、红细胞沉降率（erythrocyte sedimentation rate,ESR）、补体C3、类风湿因子（rheumatoid factor,RF）、骨密度以及激素使用程度等因素的相关性。有70例RA患者给予云克治疗4个月,统计分析云克治疗前后骨代谢指标的差异。结果：280例结缔组织病患者骨量减少的发生率为27.7%,骨质疏松的发生率为21.5%。与SLE组比较,OC、PINP以及CTX水平在pSS组和RA组呈升高趋势;同时,pSS和RA患者的OC、PINP以及CTX水平在骨量正常组、骨量减少组和骨质疏松组呈逐渐升高的趋势。相关性分析发现,pSS患者骨代谢指标与RF呈显著正相关（OC：r=0.570,P=0.002;PINP：r=0.752,P < 0.001;CTX：r=0.660,P < 0.001）;SLE患者OC、PINP与髋部骨密度呈显著负相关（OC：r=-0.382,P=0.028;PINP：r=-0.527,P=0.002）;pSS患者OC、CTX与髋部骨密度呈显著负相关（OC：r=-0.471,P=0.013;CTX：r=-0.422,P=0.028）。与治疗前比较,云克治疗4个月后RA患者OC水平上升（P < 0.05）,ESR水平下降（P < 0.05）;而PINP、CTX、CRP和骨密度无明显变化。结论：结缔组织病患者存在不同程度的骨代谢异常,骨质疏松发生率较高。骨代谢指标可早期预测骨量丢失情况。云克治疗有助于改善RA患者骨代谢。     

The Effect of PCDH15 Gene Variations on the Risk of Noise-induced Hearing Loss in a Chinese Population

<正>Noise-induced hearing loss(NIHL)is a complex disease caused by interactions between environmental and genetic factors.This study investigated whether genetic variability in protocadherin related 15(PCDH15)underlies an increased susceptibility to the development of NIHL in a Chinese population.The results showed that compared with the TT genotype of rs11004085,     

高通量血液透析联合左卡尼汀对维持性血液透析患者营养状况和生存质量的影响研究

目的 探讨高通量血液透析(HFHD)联合左卡尼汀对维持性血液透析(MHD)患者营养状况和生存质量的影响.方法 选择我院收治的MHD患者90例,根据随机数表法分为A、B、C 3组,各30例.A组采用低通量血液透析(LFHD)治疗,B组采用HFHD治疗,C组采用HFHD+左卡尼汀治疗.比较3组营养状况与生存质量.结果 治疗后C组生存质量评分、营养指标水平均显著升高,且高于A、B 2组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).结论 MHD患者采用HFHD联合左卡尼汀治疗更有利于改善患者的炎症状态及营养状况,从而提高患者的生存质量.     

绝经前后血清雌激素水平与瘦素之间关系的探讨

目的 :探讨绝经前后血清雌激素水平与瘦素之间的关系。方法 :本研究从绝经前后、绝经后有无接受激素替代治疗 ( HRT)及绝经前有无应用避孕药 3个方面进行横断面研究。共收集 92例绝经前、后妇女的临床资料 ,采用放射免疫法测定血清雌激素及瘦素水平 ,所得数据进行统计学分析。结果 :绝经前、后 ,绝经后有无接受 HRT,绝经前有无避孕药应用史组间瘦素水平均无显著性差异。结论 :绝经前后血清瘦素水平同雌激素无直接关联 ,绝经后妇女接受短期 HRT对瘦素水平无影响     

Age and distance from the surface but not menopause reduce osteocyte density in human cancellous bone

Previous studies of osteocyte density in human cancellous bone have relied mainly on autopsy samples and have demonstrated an age-related decline in men, but there are insufficient data in women. Using previously obtained transiliac bone biopsies from 94 healthy white women, aged 20-73 years, 38 premenopausal and 56 postmenopausal, we measured osteocytes and lacunae in ten randomly selected areas using 5-microm-thick sections stained with Goldner trichrome. For each subject, the number of osteocytes (Ot.N/B.Ar), empty lacunae (EL.N/B.Ar), and total lacunae (Tt.L.N/B.Ar) per bone area, and the proportion of occupied lacunae (Ot.N/Tt.L.N), were calculated. In 92 cases the measurements were made separately in superficial bone (<25 microm from the surface) and in deep bone (>45 microm from the surface). Mean values and differences between extreme values (DEV) for each variable were computed from the ten measured areas. In addition, confocal microscopic examination was performed on 100 microm sections. We found that Ot.N/B.Ar, Tt.L.N/B.Ar, and Ot.N/Tt.L.N decreased, but EL.N/B.Ar increased significantly with age (p < 0.001). The rates of decline were most rapid initially, falling exponentially with increasing age; the linear regressions for all four variables were significant in premenopausal, but not postmenopausal, women. At all ages, there were significantly more osteocytes in superficial than in deep bone; there was no significant decline with age in superficial bone, but a steeper exponential decline in deep bone than in whole trabeculae. DEV did not change with age for any variable. Confocal images revealed that the morphology of the osteocyte network was heterogeneous in different regions and trabeculae. The trabeculae with lower osteocyte density contained acellular areas, especially in interstitial bone. We conclude: (1) osteocyte density declines with age in women as it does in men; (2) the decline occurs exclusively in deep bone, not in superficial bone, suggesting that it is the age of the bone rather than the age of the subject that is important; (3) the rate of age-related decline falls exponentially with age and is not significant in postmenopausal women alone; (4) except for the differences between superficial and deep bone, the pattern of osteocyte distribution within and between trabeculae was not affected by age or menopause; and (5) the data raise the possibility that one function of remodeling in iliac cancellous bone is to maintain osteocyte viability.