人表皮郎格罕细胞Birbeck颗粒的超微结构观察

本文对正常人表皮郎格罕细胞MBirbeck颗粒(LG)怍了超微结构观察。计数十个细胞中146个LG的各种切面形态和出现频率,结果为:杆状占53.4％,球拍状占8.2％,泡状占7.5％,弧状占15％,环状占11％,同号状占4.8％六种。LG长约100-500nm,杆部宽为40-50nm,泡直径为70-350nm,环状的环厚为25-50am。本结果提示LG的本体结构除扁盘状和扁盘泡状外,还可能存在扁盘杯状的立体模式。     

Three‐Dimensional Reconstruction of the Optic Canal‐Based on Multislice Helical CT: A Comparison Analysis with Skull Dissection of 40 Postmortem Cases

Decompression operation of the optic canal via the nasal path under endoscope is widely used, but it is both a challenging and controversial method. Unsatisfactory results were largely associated with otolaryngologists' limited understanding of the real anatomical situations of the optic canal before operation. To provide otolaryngologists with the real situations and data preoperation, multislice helical CT was used to reconstruct the images of the optic canal. Using multislice helical CT‐aided three‐dimensional reconstructive methods in combination with direct anatomic measurement, we dissected and analyzed the shape of the optic canal and its anatomic relationship with the adjoining structures in 40 intact postmortem skull samples. The In‐Space technique clearly showed the structure and the related region of the optic canal. The virtual endoscopy technique showed superbly the spatial appearance and topography of the inner optic canal and also gave the inner structure of the optic canal optically. There was no statistic difference in three‐dimensional reconstructive data with that obtained by anatomical measurements and thus can be used to directly instruct the clinic operation. These results demonstrate that a combined In‐Space technique with virtual endoscopy can accurately define the subtle structure and the related region of the optical canal. In conclusion, multislice helical CT‐based three‐dimensional reconstruction is of important value for clinical operations. Anat Rec, 2008. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.     

大鼠肺微血管内皮细胞培养及其粘弹性研究

为了建立肺微血管内皮细胞培养方法 ,研究肺微血管内皮细胞粘弹性。我们取大鼠肺周边组织 (宽度不应大于 1.5 mm) ,将组织剪成 1.5 mm× 1mm× 1mm的组织块 ,贴入无菌的 2 5 cm3培养瓶 ,每瓶 10～ 15块 ,同时加入含 2 0胎牛血清、肝素 90 U/ml、L-谷氨酰胺 4mmol、青霉素 10 0 U/ml和链霉素 10 0 μg/ml的 DMEM培养基 3ml,放入 37℃二氧化碳培养箱中静置培养 ;8h后翻转培养瓶 ,6 0 h后取出肺组织块 ,接着继续培养 2～ 4d后进行传代。最后消化分离肺微血管内皮细胞 ,用微管吸吮系统研究肺微血管内皮细胞粘弹性。结果显示 :肺微血管内皮细胞通过倒置相差显微镜观察 ,细胞呈鹅卵石镶嵌状排列 ,状如梭形或多角形 ,大小均匀 ,胞核清晰 ,呈卵圆形 ,胞浆丰富 ; 因子相关抗原免疫荧光染色呈阳性 ;肺微血管内皮细胞弹性模量 K1 =49.3± 9.2 Pa、K2 =73.2±2 4.8Pa、粘性系数 μ=19.2± 7.2 Pa.s。这些结果表明用组织块法培养肺微血管内皮细胞是可行的 ,肺微血管内皮细胞表现出较大的刚性     

Structure and diversity of class I antigen presenting molecules in the mouse

Sequence comparisons among class I genes provide insight into the nature and origins of diversity in the human and mouse MHC. The profiles of diversity among alleles and between different loci indicate that genetic interactions among class I genes generate sequence diversity in both species. Humans and mice differ in the extent that sequence transfer occurs between loci. In mice, sequences encoding the antigen binding domain show little evidence of locus specificity. A series of mouse class I mutants have been analyzed, providing strong evidence that interlocus gene conversion plays a significant role in the exchange of sequences among class I genes. A similar process is suspected in human class I and both mouse and human class II genes. However, the transfer of sequence among genes in these groups appears to occur predominantly between alleles and only to a minor extent between loci.     

智能化穴位温度检测仪的研制及实验研究

在经络穴位的生物物理属性中，由于皮肤温度比较灵敏，易于观察，又能及时反映该处血管的舒缩变化。作者利用铂电阻作为测温控头，用微机进行数据处理，并利用该系统进行人体皮肤温度的检测及分析。结果表明：皮肤温差点基本上是循经分布的。     

Poly(D,L-lactic acid) surfaces modified by silk fibroin: effects on the culture of osteoblast in vitro.

The objective of this study was to modify the surface of poly(D,L-lactic acid) (PDLLA) with different molecular weight of silk fibroins, and assess the effects of the modified surfaces on the functions of rat osteoblasts cultured in vitro. The properties of the modified PDLLA surface and the control one were investigated by contact angle and electron spectroscopy for chemical analysis (ESCA). The former indicated the variation of hydrophilicity and the latter suggested that the modified PDLLA film using silk fibroin is enriched with nitrogen atoms. The biocompatibility of the PDLLA film may be altered and in turn affects the seeded cell functions. Therefore, attachment and proliferation of osteoblasts seeded on the modified PDLLA films and the control one were examined. Cell morphologies on these films were studied by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and cell viability was evaluated by MTT assay. In addition, differentiated cell function was assessed by measuring the alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity. These results suggest that the silk fibroin-modified PDLLA surface can improve the interaction between osteoblasts and the PDLLA films.     

珊瑚涂层人工骨的制备及溶血实验研究

目的根据生物工程及化工等原理,制备珊瑚人工骨,并检测此珊瑚(Coral)复合人工骨的血液相容性。方法将制备的珊瑚复合人工骨、按照国际标准化组织和我国国家标准规定要求,采用将珊瑚复合人工骨及其浸提液与抗凝稀释兔血直接接触,测定红细胞释放的血红蛋白量(OD值),将测得的OD值换算为溶血率。结果珊瑚复合人工骨材料浸提液组的溶血率为1．81％,材料与血液直接接触组溶血率为1．41％,阴性对照组和阳性对照组溶血率分别为0％、100％。结论珊瑚复合人工骨材料无溶血作用,血液相容性良好。     

Complement activation promotes muscle inflammation during modified muscle use

Modified muscle use can result in muscle inflammation that is triggered by unidentified events. In the present investigation, we tested whether the activation of the complement system is a component of muscle inflammation that results from changes in muscle loading. Modified rat hindlimb muscle loading was achieved by removing weight-bearing from the hindlimbs for 10 days followed by reloading through normal ambulation. Experimental animals were injected with the recombinant, soluble complement receptor sCR1 to inhibit complement activation. Assays for complement C4 or factor B in sera showed that sCR1 produced large reductions in the capacity for activation of the complement system through both the classical and alternative pathways. Analysis of complement C4 concentration in serum in untreated animals showed that the classical pathway was activated during the first 2 hours of reloading. Analysis of factor B concentration in untreated animals showed activation of the alternative pathway at 6 hours of reloading. Administration of sCR1 significantly attenuated the invasion of neutrophils (-49%) and ED1(+) macrophages (-52%) that occurred in nontreated animals after 6 hours of reloading. The presence of sCR1 also reduced significantly the degree of edema by 22% as compared to untreated animals. Together, these data show that increased muscle loading activated the complement system which then briefly contributes to the early recruitment of inflammatory cells during modified muscle loading.     

Tissue-specific homing receptor mediates lymphocyte adhesion to cytokine-stimulated lymph node high endothelial venule cells.

Lymphocytes bind to high endothelial venule (HEV) cells as the first step in the migration of these cells into lymph nodes (LN) and Peyer's patches (PP). In this study we isolated and cultured HEV cells from rat LN and investigated the effects of cytokines on the adhesiveness of these cells for lymphocytes. The results showed that lymphocytes from thoracic duct, spleen and LN adhered preferentially to the cultured LN HEV cells compared to cells isolated from the thymus and bone marrow. The adhesiveness of LN HEV cells for thoracic duct lymphocytes (TDL) was significantly increased in a dose- and time-dependent manner by pretreatment of the HEV cells with tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) or interleukin-4 (IL-4). In contrast, pretreatment of HEV cells with IL-1, IL-6 or IL-7 did not alter the capacity of LN HEV cells to adhere lymphocytes. Furthermore, incubation of LN HEV cells with suboptimal doses of TNF and IL-4, IFN-gamma and IL-4, or TNF-alpha and IFN-gamma increased significantly the endothelial adhesiveness. Interestingly, although IL-1 alone did not promote the adhesiveness of HEV cells, the cytokine synergized with suboptimal doses of IL-4 and TNF-alpha to increase the adhesiveness. The adhesion of TDL to non-stimulated and IL-4-stimulated LN HEV cells could be blocked specifically by treatment of lymphocytes with the LN homing-receptor-specific A.11.5 monoclonal antibody (mAb). In contrast, lymphocytes pretreated with the PP-homing receptor-specific 1B.2.6 mAb or the antileucocyte common antigen (OX1) mAb adhered normally to the HEV cells. Taken together, these results indicate that the baseline and cytokine-stimulated bindings between lymphocytes and LN HEV cells are mediated by adhesive mechanisms that regulate lymphocyte migration into LN in vivo and provide strong evidence that cytokines are central mediators of organ-specific lymphocyte migration.