Constructing high-performance electrode materials using core–shell ZnCo2O4@PPy nanowires for hybrid batteries and water splitting

Heterogeneity can be used as a promising method to improve the electrochemical performance of electrode materials; thus, ZnCo₂O₄@PPy samples were prepared using a facile hydrothermal route and an electrochemical deposition process. The as-prepared products possess a specific capacitance of 605 C g⁻¹ at a current density of 1 A g⁻¹. The asymmetric supercapacitor (ASC) possesses an energy density of 141.3 W h kg⁻¹ at a power density of 2700.5 W kg⁻¹ and capacity retention of 88.1% after 10 000 cycles, indicating its promising potential for energy devices. ZnCo₂O₄@PPy-50 exhibited an excellent OER performance and outstanding HER performance in alkaline media. As an advanced bifunctional electrocatalyst for overall water splitting, a voltage of 1.61 V at a current density of 50 mA cm⁻² outperforms the majority of noble-metal-free electrocatalysts.

Heterogeneity can be used as a promising method to improve the electrochemical performance of electrode materials; thus, ZnCo₂O₄@PPy samples were prepared using a facile hydrothermal route and an electrochemical deposition process.     

Removal of reactive brilliant red X-3B by a weak magnetic field enhanced Fenton-like system with zero-valent iron

The effect of a weak magnetic field (WMF) on the removal of reactive brilliant red X-3B (X-3B) by zero-valent iron (ZVI)/H₂O₂ was studied. The optimum conditions for the removal of X-3B by the ZVI/H₂O₂/WMF system were as follows: pH = 4.0, X-3B was 50 mg L⁻¹, H₂O₂ was 8 mM, and ZVI with particle size of 20 μm was 0.5 g L⁻¹. The X-3B decolorization rate could reach 99.41% in 10 minutes. The superposed WMF increased the working pH of ZVI from 3.0 to 4.0. The main part of ZVI/H₂O₂ removal kinetics of X-3B followed the zero order rate law. In this study, the removal effect of X-3B by pre-magnetization ZVI was not as good as that of real-time magnetization, but it was better than the removal of X-3B by the ZVI/H₂O₂ system. The ZVI/H₂O₂/WMF system still had the ability to remove X-3B after 4 consecutive cycles. The use of WMF improved the removal of X-3B by ZVI/H₂O₂ mainly due to the corrosion of ZVI. Under acidic conditions, WMF enhanced the activity of ZVI, which promoted the efficiency of the Fenton reaction. The use of WMF to enhance the ZVI/H₂O₂ removal X-3B was a promising and environmental friendly process because it did not require additional energy and expensive reagents and did not cause secondary pollution.

The effect of a weak magnetic field (WMF) on the removal of reactive brilliant red X-3B (X-3B) by zero-valent iron (ZVI)/H₂O₂ was studied.     

A conceptual analysis of the meaning of comfort at the end-of-life using the Walker and Avant (2014) Framework

Objective: The aim of the authors is to clarify the concept of comfort at the end-of-life in order to support understandings of fundamental nursing care needed at this stage of healthcare. Methods: The Walker and Avant framework was applied to develop a deeper understanding of the concept of comfor t at the end of life. Results: Five defining attributes of comfort in the end-of-life were identified and they are having a peaceful home-life environment, trust and consolation, proximity and social-cultural support, alleviation of suffering, and a process of integrated intervention by nurses. Conclusions: At the end-of-life patients commonly experience physical, psychological, social-cultural, and environmental discomfor t. Patients' families also encounter significant challenges. However, their comfort needs are often secondary to that of the patient. Additionally, a lack of clarity exists regarding the holistic meaning of comfor t at the end-of-life, which can largely be confined to understandings of physical comfor t for the patient, with a limited understanding of addressing family/caregivers' needs. Therefore, this concept analysis may provide some guidance in this regard and also provides suppor t toward a more integrated understanding of the concept.     

Food avoidance is associated with reduced dentitions and edentulousness

Objectives

To investigate associations between food avoidance and dental status, age, gender, and socio-economic status (SES).

Materials and methods

The Chinese sample comprised 1463 dentulous (≥ 1 tooth in each jaw) and 124 edentulous (in one or both jaws) participants aged ≥ 40 yrs. The Vietnamese sample comprised 2820 dentulous and 253 edentulous participants aged ≥ 20 yrs. Food avoidance due to chewing difficulties was scored for regionally common 4 soft and 4 hard foods. Dental status was classified according to the multi-level hierarchical dental functional classification system (HDFC) based on the number and location of teeth and posterior occlusal pairs. Associations were analyzed using multivariate logistic regression analyses.

Results

For dentulous participants, the chance of avoiding foods was significantly larger with < 10 teeth in each jaw (OR = 2.26 (Chinese sample), respectively 1.74 (Vietnamese sample)), incomplete anterior region (OR = 1.78, respectively 1.84), “impaired” premolar region (OR = 2.22, respectively 1.71), or “impaired” molar region (OR = 2.46, respectively 1.84). Edentulous participants had twice the chance of avoiding foods (OR = 2.01 respectively 2.20). Avoiding foods was significantly associated with higher age. Participants of low SES (Chinese sample, OR = 1.93) and females (Vietnamese sample, OR = 1.27) had a larger chance of avoiding foods.

Conclusions

Avoiding foods was significantly associated with reduced dentitions, edentulousness, and higher age; low SES only in the Chinese and being female only in the Vietnamese sample.

Clinical relevance

Incomplete anterior regions, “impaired” premolar or molar regions, and especially edentulousness can be considered significant risk indicators for food avoidance.

     

利伐沙班致皮疹文献病例分析

目的:探究利伐沙班导致皮疹的特点,为患者安全用药提供参考。方法:检索国内外数据库,获得利伐沙班致皮疹的病例报道文献,对病例的患者年龄、性别、既往病史,利伐沙班使用目的、使用剂量、联合用药,药品不良反应(ADR)出现时间、临床表现、处理、预后等信息,以及ADR关联性评价结果进行统计分析。结果:共检索获得16篇文献(16例患者)。ADR患者男女比例为1∶1,>60岁老年患者11例(68. 7%)。16例患者中14例的利伐沙班给药剂量符合药品说明书规定,12例患者联用了其他药物;5例(31. 3%)患者用药后第3天出现皮疹,3例(18. 8%)在用药10 d时出现。16例均出现全身多处散在红斑,其中8例明确诊断为伴嗜酸粒细胞增多及系统症状的药疹综合征、特发性血小板减少性紫癜、白细胞破碎性血管炎、血清病和神经性水肿;患者经治疗后症状改善。5例患者关联性评价为"很可能有关",11例为"可能有关"。结论:临床工作中要关注利伐沙班导致的皮疹,长期服药患者仍应引起重视。     

老年甲状腺全切除 129例术后并发甲状旁腺功能减退的临床调查

目的探讨老年甲状腺肿瘤全切除术后并发甲状旁腺功能减退的发生情况及相关影响因素。方法选择湖北医药学院附属人民医院于 2015年 1月至 2018年 6月收治的老年甲状腺肿瘤病人 129例作为研究对象,均行甲状腺全切除术治疗,观察并发甲状旁腺功能减退发生情况。采用多因素 logistic回归分析影响术后并发甲状旁腺功能减退危险因素。结果老年甲状腺肿瘤病人 129例,术后并发甲状旁腺功能减退 35例,发生率为 27.13%。经单因素分析表明,两组性别、术前甲状旁腺激素、合并基础疾病、吸烟史、二次手术、颈侧区淋巴结清扫和喉返神经后方淋巴结清扫比较差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05);两组肿瘤大小和甲状旁腺误切比较差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05)。将上述单因素分析差异有统计学意义的纳入多因素 logistic回归分析显示,肿瘤大小和甲状旁腺误切为影响术后并发甲状旁腺功能减退危险因素。结论老年甲状腺肿瘤全切除术后并发甲状旁腺功能减退发生率较高,且受多因素影响,其中肿瘤大小和甲状旁腺误切为其危险因素。     

益生菌治疗细菌性阴道炎的临床研究及其相关机制

细菌性阴道炎(bacterial vaginosis, BV)是育龄女性常见的下生殖道感染。传统的抗生素疗法虽然见效快,但是治愈率低,复发率高。人体阴道内普遍存在乳杆菌,其对维持女性阴道环境的稳定起着重要作用。BV的发生往往伴随着人体阴道原有乳杆菌的减少。目前,使用益生菌治疗BV,重塑女性阴道微生态环境,已成为一种新疗法。本文就目前用益生菌治疗细菌性阴道炎的临床研究及其相关机制做一个综述。     

Changes in thyroid hormone levels and related gene expressions in embryo–larval zebrafish exposed to binary combinations of bifenthrin and acetochlor

Ecotoxicology - Bifenthrin (BF) and acetochlor (AT) are widely used as an insecticide and herbicide, respectively, which are introduced to the aquatic environment as a natural result. Although the...