补肾健脾方对恩替卡韦经治HBeAg阳性慢性乙型肝炎患者NKT细胞功能的影响

目的:观察补肾健脾方对HBeAg阳性慢性乙型肝炎(CHB)患者外周血自然杀伤T细胞(NKT细胞)数量、表型及功能特征的影响,探讨补肾健脾方抗乙型肝炎病毒(HBV)的作用机制。方法:将100例经恩替卡韦抗病毒治疗且肝功能正常、HBV-DNA阴性、HBeAg阳性的CHB患者随机分为治疗组和对照组,每组各50例。治疗组予恩替卡韦联合补肾健脾方治疗,对照组予恩替卡韦联合安慰剂治疗,疗程均为12个月。比较两组患者治疗前后的血清HBeAg水平,外周血NKT细胞数量、表型及功能变化。结果:治疗12个月后,两组患者的HBeAg水平与治疗前比较均明显下降(P0.001),且治疗组的HBeAg水平低于对照组(P0.05),治疗组的HBeAg下降幅度明显优于对照组(P0.01)。治疗6个月后,治疗组的NKT细胞比例较治疗前明显升高(P0.01);治疗12个月后,两组的NKT细胞比例较治疗前均明显升高(P0.05,P0.001),且治疗组的NKT细胞比例高于对照组(P0.05)。治疗12个月后,治疗组的NKG2A+NKT、PD-1~+NKT细胞比例较治疗前均降低(P0.05,P0.01),且治疗组的PD-1~+NKT细胞比例低于对照组(P0.05);治疗组的IFN-γ~+NKT细胞比例较治疗前明显升高(P0.01),且治疗组的IFN-γ~+NKT细胞比例高于对照组(P0.05)。结论:补肾健脾方可能通过调节CHB患者外周血NKT细胞数量、功能及表型发挥免疫调节及抗HBV作用。     

哮喘外敷方的豚鼠血清药理学实验

目的：采用血清药理学方法考察哮喘外敷方的抗乙酰胆碱作用。方法：40只豚鼠随机分为正常对照组、模型对照组、中药贴敷1d、7d和14d组，以Hulson法诱导哮喘模型。模型对照组贴敷生理盐水，中药贴敷组贴敷中药膏（1d、7d和14d）。测定各组豚鼠血清对离体气管条收缩力的影响。结果：中药贴敷1d组和空白对照组与模型对照组无显著性差异，中药贴敷7d组和14d组显示出抗乙酰胆碱作用。结论：贴敷哮喘外敷方7d后，豚鼠血清显示出抗乙酰胆碱作用。     

D2/D3受体激动药罗匹尼罗对抗鱼藤酮介导多巴胺能细胞凋亡的研究

目的:探讨D2/D3多巴胺受体激动药罗匹尼罗对多巴胺能细胞是否具有抗凋亡作用并研究其机制。方法:使用多巴胺能细胞株SH-SY5Y,以高剂量呼吸链抑制药鱼藤酮诱导细胞凋亡建立细胞凋亡模型。通过Hoechst染色观察并计数凋亡的细胞,应用免疫印迹(Westernblot)方法检测促凋亡基因caspase 9, cleaved caspase 9,cleaved caspase 3,PARP,cleaved PARP的表达。结果:高剂量鱼藤酮处理细胞24h后其凋亡比例明显升高,罗匹尼罗(10~(-5),10~(-4)mol·L~(-1))预处理2h能显著减少细胞凋亡的比例。免疫印迹方法显示10~(-4)mol·L~(-1)罗匹尼罗预处理2h能减少caspase 9,caspase 3,PARP的剪切。结论:罗匹尼罗能有效抑制鱼藤酮诱导细胞凋亡,其机制可能是通过抑制内源性通路中caspase 9剪切而实现的。     

脑卒中患者吞咽障碍康复疗效分析

目的:分析脑卒中患者吞咽障碍的康复疗效及影响因素。方法:脑卒中吞咽障碍患者分为两组:治疗组216例,对照组196例。对照组采用一般临床治疗,治疗组加用咽障碍康复训练。以洼田氏饮水试验及腾岛一郎吞咽障碍疗效评价作为标准进行分析。结果:治疗组治疗前后吞咽障碍明显改善(P<0.01),且较对照组明显好转(P<0.05)。结论:脑卒中吞咽障碍训练疗效肯定,方法简单易行,应推广普及。     

HepG2细胞胰岛素抵抗模型的建立及在筛选两色金鸡菊活性化合物中的应用

目的:体外建立人肝癌细胞(HepG2)胰岛素抵抗模型,并初步筛选两色金鸡菊中可有效改善胰岛素抵抗的萃取部位及活性化合物。方法:用不同浓度的胰岛素、棕榈酸或葡萄糖分别对HepG2细胞进行不同时间的诱导,通过MTT法对细胞活性进行评价及葡萄糖氧化酶法对HepG2细胞葡萄糖消耗量测定,明确建立稳定的HepG2胰岛素抵抗模型的试剂诱导浓度及诱导时间。模型建立后,应用不同浓度的两色金鸡菊粗提物、各萃取部位及七个单体化合物奥卡宁(Okanin,2)、3',4',8-三羟基黄酮-7-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷(3',4',8-trihydroxyflavone-7-O-β-D-glucopyranoside,3)、槲皮素(Quercetin,4)、黄诺马苷(Flavanomarein,5)、马里苷(Marein,6)、豆甾醇(Stigmasterol,13)、紫铆花素(Butein,16)预处理细胞24 h,再用55 mmol·L-1葡萄糖刺激24h,用葡萄糖氧化酶法或2-NBDG荧光标记葡萄糖法分别观察不同浓度的上述成分对胰岛素抵抗模型HepG2细胞糖消耗或糖吸收的影响。MTT法对各组细胞活性进行评价。结果:HepG2细胞在10-7mol·L-1浓度的胰岛素中作用24 h,或在55 mmol·L-1的葡萄糖中刺激24 h,细胞葡萄糖消耗量明显减少(P0.01)且稳定性良好,并且对细胞存活率未造成影响,可作为胰岛素抵抗模型;而棕榈酸组虽然糖消耗显著下降但细胞存活率也显著降低。两色金鸡菊总提物、乙酸乙酯部位、正丁醇部位、水部位及2号、3号、5号和16号化合物均有改善细胞胰岛素抵抗作用,其中5号黄诺马苷和6号马里苷效果较好。结论:黄诺马苷和马里苷可能是两色金鸡菊中改善胰岛素抵抗的主要活性成分。     

硫辛酸对高脂膳食小鼠股骨基因表达的影响

<正>硫辛酸(LA,6,8—二硫辛酸)是一种天然强抗氧化剂,具有脂溶和水溶双重特性,在脂/水介质中均有强还原性,还能使其它抗氧化剂再生,在整个抗氧化防御网络中其功能最强又最多[1]。     

Does cancer survivors' health‐related quality of life depend on cancer type? Findings from a large French national sample 2 years after cancer diagnosis

LE CORROLLER‐SORIANO A.‐G., BOUHNIK A.‐D., PREAU M., MALAVOLTI L., JULIAN‐REYNIER C., AUQUIER P. & MOATTI J.‐P. (2011) European Journal of Cancer Care 20 , 132–140
Does cancer survivors' health‐related quality of life depend on cancer type? Findings from a large French national sample 2 years after cancer diagnosis We investigated whether health‐related quality of life (HRQL) depends on cancer type, after adjustment for demographic and medical variables. A French national population‐based survey was conducted between November and December 2004 to assess surviving cancer patients' HRQL 2 years after diagnosis. HRQL was measured by the 36‐Item Short Form Survey scale. The sample included 3900 persons. All cancer diagnoses were entered in the study. We demonstrated that medical and treatment variables have an impact on patients' physical HRQL but not on mental HRQL. Cancer type impacted on physical HRQL, with those suffering from upper aerodigestive tract /lung cancers and haematological malignancies being affected to a greater degree. Disturbing side effects impacted both HRQL domains. Socio‐demographic variables had statistically significant effects but not clinically meaningful ones. Socio‐economic variables led to potentially clinically meaningful differences for cancer patients' HRQL and represented a socio‐economic gradient in HRQL among cancer survivors. From our results, we may assert that cancer survivors, 2 years after cancer diagnosis, share a similar pattern of psychological morbidity, independent of cancer type. Patients disproportionately affected by cancer, such as those with lower educational levels and income, need to be identified and targeted and interventions which address their unique needs and concerns need to be developed.     

基层卫生院外科感染病原菌耐药性分析

目的 了解基层卫生院外科感染病原菌的耐药状况,以采取措施预防医院感染.方法 采集外科感染患者的伤口分泌物进行细菌培养;用K-B法做药物敏感试验.结果 132株外科感染病原菌中分离率最高的是铜绿假单胞菌33株(25.0%),其余依次为金黄色葡萄球菌32株(24.2%)、大肠埃希菌21株(15.9%)、肺炎克雷伯菌19株(14.4%);药敏试验显示,基层卫生院外科感染病原菌也产生了一定的耐药性.结论 基层卫生院也应采取切实有效的措施,预防与控制医院感染.     

Surgical treatment of rectal cancer

Rectal affection accounts for 30% of colorectal cancer. The standard of treatment is surgical resection, which often is curative. For superior and middle-rectal involvement, low anterior resection (LAR) is the preferred procedure. For tumors involving the lower portion of the rectum, abdominoperineal resection (APR) or LAR are the options of treatment, depending on sphincter involvement. The main surgical objective is to achieve a R0 resection with an appropriated total mesorrectal excision, greater number of lymph nodes and negative distal and radial margins. These surgical parameters have been used as quality indicators and have prognostic implications in terms of overall and disease-free survival. Total mesorectal excision with preservation of hypogastric nerves has shown a reduction in rates of sexual and bladder dysfunction as well as lower local recurrence. At specialized centers such procedures are performed by minimal invasive surgery; however the number of meta-analysis is scarce.