A case of primary omental torsion presenting as an acute abdominal pain]

Torsion of greater omentum is a rare cause of acute abdomen. However, it should be included in the differential diagnoses in addition to acute cholecystitis, acute appendicitis, cecal diverticulitis, and other variable causes of acute abdomen. Diagnosis is usually made at laparotomy for suspected appendicitis. In some cases, computed tomography demonstrates a successful preoperative detection of omental torsion. We report a case of surgically and pathologically proven torsion with subsequent infarction of greater omentum presented as an acute abdominal pain.     

A new antisense oligonucleotide delivery system based on self-assembled ODN-PEG hybrid conjugate micelles.

The conjugate of antisense c-raf oligonucleotide (ODN) and poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) was synthesized for intracellular ODN delivery. When combined with polyethylenimine (PEI), the ODN-PEG conjugate self-associated to form polyelectrolyte complex micelles in aqueous solution. The effective hydrodynamic diameter of the micelles was ca. 70 nm with a narrow size distribution. Flow cytometry analysis indicated that the cellular uptake of the micelles by A2780 cells was much higher than that of ODN alone. The micelles also showed a superior antiproliferative activity against ovarian cancer cells in vitro and in vivo.     

RASER: a new ultrafast magnetic resonance imaging method.

A new MRI method is described to acquire a T(2)-weighted image from a single slice in a single shot. The technique is based on rapid acquisition by sequential excitation and refocusing (RASER). RASER avoids relaxation-related blurring because the magnetization is sequentially refocused in a manner that effectively creates a series of spin echoes with a constant echo time. RASER uses the quadratic phase produced by a frequency-swept chirp pulse to time-encode one dimension of the image. In another implementation the pulse can be used to excite multiple slices with phase-encoding and frequency-encoding in the other two dimensions. The RASER imaging sequence is presented along with single-shot and multislice images, and is compared to conventional spin-echo and echo-planar imaging sequences. A theoretical and empirical analysis of the spatial resolution is presented, and factors in choosing the spatial resolution for different applications are discussed. RASER produces high-quality single-shot images that are expected to be advantageous for a wide range of applications.     

Myoepitheliomas of the soft palate: helical CT findings in two patients.

We describe the enhancement patterns of myoepithelioma in two patients with a soft palate mass. In the first case, helical CT revealed a faintly enhancing mass. Histologically, the tumor was composed of plasmacytoid cells in a background of rich myxoid stroma. Immunostaining for CD34 showed scanty blood vessels. In the second case, helical CT revealed an intensely enhancing mass. Histologically, the mass was a cellular tumor with fibrous stroma. Immunostaining for CD34 also showed frequent blood vessels.     

Effects of thiamine deficiency on hepatic cytochromes P450 and drug-metabolizing enzyme activities

To elucidate the mechanisms by which thiamine deficiency affects hepatic microsomal monooxygenase activities, the effect of thiamine deficiency on two constitutive cytochrome P450 isozymes, P450IIE1 and P450IIC11, was investigated, using weanling male Sprague-Dawley rats. The clinical signs of thiamine deficiency were apparent after feeding a thiamine-deficient diet for 3 weeks. Thiamine deficiency caused an increase in P450IIE1, which was determined by N-nitrosodimethylamine demethylase assay and immunoquantitation of P450IIE1. This increase in the P450IIE1 level was mainly attributed to thiamine deficiency per se but not to dietary restriction. Ketone bodies were not elevated in thiamine-deficient rats, whereas ketone bodies were elevated and may have served as inducing factors in calorically restricted pair-fed animals. Injections of pyruvate or pyrithiamine in addition to thiamine deficiency did not potentiate the induction effect. On the other hand, thiamine deficiency did not affect the level of P450IIC11 during the 3 weeks of feeding the thiamine-deficient diet. In addition, thiamine deficiency increased cytosolic glutathione S-transferase activity but not steroid isomerase activity. The present study demonstrates the specificity of thiamine deficiency per se in the induction of P450IIE1 which does not involve an increase in the ketone body level.     

Juvenile Xanthogranuloma on the Palm

Abstract: Juvenile xanthogranuloma is a xanthomatous and granulomatous condition that frequently arises before 1 year of age and mainly occurs on the head and trunk. We report a rare solitary juvenile xanthogranuloma on the right palm of a 10-year-old girl, present for one year. This solitary involvement of the palm has been reported only twice before.