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排序方式: 共有8151条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
91.
Kathrin Mühlemann Christine Franzini Christoph Aebi Christoph Berger David Nadal Jody St?helin Hanspeter Gnehm Klara Posfay-Barbe Alain Gervaix Hugo Sax Ulrich Heininger Jan Bonhoeffer Gerhard Eich Christian Kind Christiane Petignat Pietro Scalfaro 《Infection control and hospital epidemiology》2004,25(9):765-771
OBJECTIVE: To acquire data on pediatric nosocomial infections (NIs), which are associated with substantial morbidity and mortality and for which data are scarce. DESIGN: Prevalence survey and evaluation of a new comorbidity index. SETTING: Seven Swiss pediatric hospitals. PATIENTS: Those hospitalized for at least 24 hours in a medical, surgical, intensive care, or intermediate care ward. RESULTS: Thirty-five NIs were observed among 520 patients (6.7%; range per hospital, 1.4% to 11.8%). Bacteremia was most frequent (2.5 per 100 patients), followed by urinary tract infection (1.3 per 100 patients) and surgical-site infection (1.1 per 100 patients; 3.2 per 100 patients undergoing surgery). The median duration until the onset of infection was 19 days. Independent risk factors for NI were age between 1 and 12 months, a comorbidity score of 2 or greater, and a urinary catheter. Among surgical patients, an American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) score of 2 or greater was associated with any type of NI (P = .03). Enterobacteriaceae were the most frequent cause of NI, followed by coagulase-negative staphylococci; viruses were rarely the cause. CONCLUSIONS: This national prevalence survey yielded valuable information about the rate and risk factors of pediatric NI. A new comorbidity score showed promising performance. ASA score may be a predictor of NI. The season in which a prevalence survey is conducted must be considered, as this determines whether seasonal viral infections are observed. Periodic prevalence surveys are a simple and cost-effective method for assessing NI and comparing rates among pediatric hospitals. 相似文献
92.
Effects of hyaluronan on free-radical formation, corneal endothelium damage, and inflammation parameters after phacoemulsification in rabbits. 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Giovanni Camillieri Annarita Nastasi Pietro Gulino Claudio Bucolo Filippo Drago 《Journal of ocular pharmacology and therapeutics》2004,20(2):151-157
Free-radical formation may play a role in postoperative complications of phacoemulsification (e.g., corneal endothelium damage from mechanical injury). The present experiments were aimed at investigating whether different molecular weight ranges (2000-2600, 2600-3200, or 3200-3800 kDa) of hyaluronan may influence free radical formation, corneal endothelium damage, and inflammation parameters after phacoemulsification in the rabbit eye. The viscoelastic substance was injected in the anterior chamber of rabbits' eyes before phacoemulsification, at a 2.5% concentration. The formation of free radicals was determined by adding luminol to the irrigation media and measuring the chemoluminescence in eyes. The corneal endothelial damage was evaluated by measuring the corneal central thickness by pachimetry. The inflammation parameters were measured by calculation in aqueous humor of peak levels of leukocytes and prostaglandin E(2) (PGE(2)) and evaluation in uveal tissue of myeloperoxidase activity. Hyaluronan decreased by about 58-60% free-radical formation during phacoemulsification, reduced by about 76-80% modifications in mean corneal thickness and by about 54-61% the corneal endothelial cell loss in all molecular weight ranges used. No difference was found among various molecular weight ranges. The highest molecular weight range showed to be more potent than the lowest range for reduced number of inflammation cells and level of PGE(2) in aqueous humor. Thus, hyaluronan reduces free-radical formation, exerts protection on the corneal endothelium and exerts anti-inflammation properties after phacoemulsification in rabbits. The latter effect seems to depend on the molecular weight of the substance. 相似文献
93.
Barbuscia M Dattola P Di Pietro N Gorgone S Rizzo AG Romeo C Crocco P Trimarchi L 《Annali italiani di chirurgia》2000,71(1):89-93; discussion 94
The authors relate their statistic about mesenteric infarction in the last five years and they get out the starting point in order to check the characteristics of a disease, which is today distinguished by an infaust prognosis. After few mentions about etiopathology and pathologic anatomy they keep their attention on clinic manifestations of disease and on diagnostic research. After dealing with medical and surgical therapy they declare how more refined diagnostic technique could help early diagnosis and consequently decrease morbidity and morbidity, which are completely unacceptable. 相似文献
94.
95.
Fabio Salvatore Macaluso Marco Ventimiglia Walter Fries Anna Viola Aldo Sitibondo Maria Cappello Barbara Scrivo Anita Busacca Antonino Carlo Privitera Salvatore Camilleri Serena Garufi Roberto Di Mitri Filippo Mocciaro Nunzio Belluardo Emiliano Giangreco Carmelo Bertolami Sara Renna Rosalba Orlando Giulia Rizzuto Mario Cottone Ambrogio Orlando 《Journal of gastroenterology and hepatology》2021,36(1):105-111
96.
Valentina Gizzonio Pietro Avanzini Maddalena Fabbri-Destro Cristina Campi Giacomo Rizzolatti 《Experimental brain research. Experimentelle Hirnforschung. Expérimentation cérébrale》2014,232(7):2381-2390
The aim of the present study was to assess the cognitive profiles of children with autistic spectrum disorder and of their healthy siblings (Siblings). With the term cognitive profile, we indicate the relationship extant among the values of verbal and performance subtests of the Wechsler Intelligence Scale. The conducted statistical analyses indicated that, although siblings showed a normal intelligent quotient and did not differ in this aspect from typically developing group, their cognitive profile was amazingly similar to that of their relatives affected by autism. A k-means clustering analysis on the values of single subtests further confirmed this result, showing a clear separation between typically developing children on the one side, and autistics and their siblings on the other. We suggest that the common cognitive profile observed in autistic children and their siblings could represent a marker of liability to autism and, thus, a possible intermediate phenotype of this syndrome. 相似文献
97.
Nina C. Di Pietro PhD Judy Illes PhD 《Journal of magnetic resonance imaging : JMRI》2013,38(5):1009-1013
MRI is used routinely in research with children to generate new knowledge about brain development. The detection of unexpected brain abnormalities (incidental findings; IFs) in these studies presents unique challenges. While key issues surrounding incidence and significance, duty of care, and burden of disclosure have been addressed substantially for adults, less empirical data and normative analyses exist for minors who participate in minimal risk research. To identify ethical concerns and fill existing gaps, we conducted a comprehensive review of papers that focused explicitly on the discovery of IFs in minors. The discourse in the 21 papers retrieved for this analysis amply covered practical issues such as informed consent and screening, difficulties in ascertaining clinical significance, the economic costs and burden of responsibility on researchers, and risks (physical or psychological). However, we found little discussion about the involvement of minors in decisions about disclosure of IFs in the brain, especially for IFs of low clinical significance. In response, we propose a framework for managing IFs that integrates practical considerations with explicit appreciation of rights along the continuum of maturity. This capacity‐adjusted framework emphasizes the importance of involving competent minors and respecting their right to make decisions about disclosure. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2013;38:1009–1013. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. 相似文献
98.
New cancer cases in France in 2015 attributable to different levels of alcohol consumption 下载免费PDF全文
99.
Francesco Scolari Elisa Delbarba Domenico Santoro Loreto Gesualdo Antonello Pani Nadia Dallera Laila-Yasmin Mani Marisa Santostefano Sandro Feriozzi Marco Quaglia Giuliano Boscutti Angelo Ferrantelli Carmelita Marcantoni Patrizia Passerini Riccardo Magistroni Federico Alberici Gian Marco Ghiggeri Claudio Ponticelli Pietro Ravani for the RI-CYCLO Investigators 《Journal of the American Society of Nephrology : JASN》2021,32(4):972
100.