抗氧化微量营养素对IDDM小鼠抗氧化损伤的实验研究

目的:研究复合抗氧化微量营养素(antioxidative micronutrients,AM)拮抗IDDM小鼠氧化侵袭损害的作用机制。方法:用一次大剂量注射2%四氧嘧啶(alloxan)的方法制备IDDM小鼠模型,联合给予硒(Se)、维生素E(VE)、钒(V)、铬(Cr),测定脾活性氧(ROS)水平以及心、脑、肾中MDA含量和GSH-Px、SOD、GSH-ST活性。结果:IDDM小鼠脾ROS水平以及心、脑MDA含量明显增高(P<0.01),而肾中SOD活性明显降低(P<0.01);联合应用AM可降低IDDM小鼠脾ROS水平及心、脑MDA含量,并提高心GSH-Px、肾SOD及心、肾GSH-ST活性。结论:联合应用AM可在一定程度上拮抗IDDM时的氧化侵袭损害,对防治糖尿病微血管病变以及并发症有重要意义。     

二羧乙基锗倍半氧化物（Ge－132）对肝枯否细胞免疫及酶活性的影响

探讨了二羧乙基锗倍半氧化物（Ｇｅ－１３２）对肝枯否细胞免疫及酶活性的影响，二羧乙基锗倍半氧化物在体外实验中明显地对抗四氯化碳对大鼠肝枯否细胞的损害、明显增加花环形成率、吞噬率及吞噬指数，而且显著增加过氧化物小体、过氧化物酶、琥珀酸脱氢酶活性．实验结果表明，四氯化碳可以损伤肝枯否细胞，二羧乙基锗倍半氧化物（Ｇｅ－１３２）可保护和修补四氯化碳的细胞损伤．     

Monotropein Improves Dexamethasone-Induced Muscle Atrophy via the AKT/mTOR/FOXO3a Signaling Pathways

The present study aimed to investigate the effects of monotropein (MON) on improving dexamethasone (DEX)-induced muscle atrophy in mice and C2C12 mouse skeletal muscle cells. The body weights, grip strengths, and muscle weights of mice were assessed. The histological change in the gastrocnemius tissues was also observed through H&E staining. The expression of myosin heavy chain (MyHC), muscle ring finger 1 (MuRF1), and muscle atrophy F-box (Atrogin1) and the phosphorylation of AKT, mTOR, and FOXO3a in the muscle tissues of mice and C2C12 myotubes were analyzed using Western blotting. MON improved muscle atrophy in mice and C2C12 myotubes by regulating catabolic states via the AKT/mTOR/FOXO3a signaling pathways, and enhanced muscle function by the increases of muscle mass and strength in mice. This suggests that MON could be used for the prevention and treatment of muscle atrophy in patients.     

Dietary Micronutrient Status and Relation between Micronutrient Intakes and Overweight and Obesity among Non-Pregnant and Non-Lactating Women Aged 18 to 49 in China

Women between the ages of 18 and 49 are women of reproductive age, for whom physical health and nutritional status are closely related to successful pregnancy, good pregnancy outcomes and the nurturing of the next generation. Overweight and obesity have become important nutrition and health problems of women aged 18–49 years in China. In social life, non-pregnant and non-lactating Chinese women aged 18–49 are the most vulnerable and neglected group. At present, there are no research data on their dietary micronutrient intake, and the relationship between dietary micronutrient intake and overweight and obesity in China. However, non-pregnant and non-lactating women aged 18–49 are the best window of opportunity to implement strategies, correct nutrition and improve physical health. It remains to be explored whether their overweight and obesity are related to inadequate dietary micronutrient intake. The aim of this study was to evaluate dietary micronutrient intake in non-pregnant and non-lactating Chinese women aged 18–49 years, and to analyze the relationship between dietary micronutrient intake and overweight and obesity. Data were obtained from 2015 China Adult Chronic Disease and Nutrition Surveillance (CACDNS 2015). In CACDNS 2015, 12,872 women aged 18 to 49 years (excluding pregnant women and lactating mothers) were surveyed for a three-day 24 h dietary recall and a three-day household weighing of edible oil and condiments. The average daily dietary intake of micronutrients was calculated according to the Chinese food composition table. In 2015, the median intake of vitamin A, vitamin B₁, vitamin B₂, vitamin C and folate in non-pregnant and non-lactating women aged 18–49 years in China was 267.0 μg RE/day, 0.7 mg/day, 0.6 mg/day, 63.5 mg/day and 121.0 μg/day, respectively. The median mean intake of vitamin A, niacin, calcium and zinc in overweight/obese group was lower than that in non-overweight/obese group, and the difference was statistically significant (p < 0.05). Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that vitamin A intake (Q3 vs. Q1: OR = 0.785, 95% CI: 0.702~0.878; Q4 vs. Q1: OR = 0.766, 95% CI: 0.679~0.865), niacin intake (Q2 vs. Q1: OR = 0.801, 95% CI: 0.715–0.898; Q3 vs. Q1: OR = 0.632, 95% CI: 0.554~0.721; Q4 vs. Q1: OR = 0.662, 95% CI: 0.568~0.772), Zinc intake (Q4 vs. Q1: OR = 0.786, 95% CI: 0.662~0.932) were a protective factor for overweight/obesity in women, while vitamin B₂ intake (Q2 vs. Q1: OR = 1.256, 95% CI: 1.120~1.408; Q3 vs. Q1: OR = 1.416, 95% CI: 1.240~1.617; Q4 vs. Q1: OR = 1.515, 95% CI: 1.293–1.776), vitamin E intake (Q2 vs. Q1: OR = 1.114, 95% CI: 1.006–0.235; Q3 vs. Q1: OR = 1.162, 95% CI: 1.048~0.288; Q4 vs. Q1: OR = 1.234, 95% CI: 1.112–1.371) was a risk factor for overweight/obesity in females. The intakes of most dietary micronutrients in non-pregnant and non-lactating women aged 18–49 in China were low. The intakes of dietary vitamin A, niacin and zinc were negatively correlated with the risk of overweight/obesity, while the intakes of vitamin B₂ and vitamin E were positively correlated with the risk of overweight/obesity.     

人发角蛋白导管修复周围神经缺损的实验研究

目的 探索用人发角蛋白（HHK）制成的导管对大段缺损的周围神经的修复效果。方法 将25只新西兰兔分成3组，对照组不接受手术；另2组切除胫神10mm，分别用缝合线（无HHK组）和HHK导管（HHK组）连接神经两断功能恢复快，解剖观察发现，神经两断端之间以及HHK导管的腔隙被白色新生组织充满，人发部分消失，残余的人发易脆易断。在光镜下可见人发周围大量再生的雪旺细胞和较幼稚的神经纤维，神经纤维无序 排列，人发被初步降解，术后1年，人发被完全降解。神经缺损部位修复完好。结论 HHK导管可诱导神经纤维再生，跨过10mm的缺损间隙，从而修复神经缺损，HHK是制作神经导管的较为理想的材料。     

在体组织工程新概念

基于对人发角蛋白(HHK)人工腱长达10余年的实验和临床应用研究的结果．我们提出了在体组织工程化肌腱的概念,即HHK人工腱及其降解产物能诱导周围组织内的成腱干细胞增殖、分化为腱细胞并刺激其他细胞分泌某些细胞因子参与调节,最终形成自体腱。我们在实验中还发现,HHK植入损伤骨组织、神经组织和肌组织后在原位构建出相应的组织。从而进一步提出“在体组织工程”新的理论体系。它是指可吸收性生物支架材料植入体内后．通过材料本身及其降解产物激活周围组织自身的成体干细胞分裂、增殖、分化．并在体内生理条件下与基质材料达到最佳的有机融合,并最终完成替代基质材料形成在解剖、组织学意义上与自体组织几乎完全一致的结构。从而在体内完成构建完整的组织工程化组织或器官的过程。在体组织工程不仅利用体内微环境和体内精细的调节机制“在体培养”种子细胞．消除了现行组织工程化组织或器官(传统组织工程)中种子细胞的排斥反应、变异和功能退化及复杂的保存、运输和高额费用等问题,最重要的是更贴近临床需要。不仅有巨大的临床应用潜能,而且尚具有重要的理论价值。     

千金胶囊联合金刚藤胶囊治疗慢性盆腔炎的临床效果观察

目的:分析千金胶囊联合金刚藤胶囊治疗慢性盆腔炎的临床效果。方法:选取2015年3月至2016年5月河北省保定市第二医院收治的慢性盆腔炎患者96例,随机分为对照组与观察组,每组48例。其中对对照组患者给予千金胶囊口服,观察组在对照组治疗基础上联合金刚藤胶囊口服,比较2组患者的治疗总有效率、各项临床症状消失时间、血清细胞因子变化情况、不良反应情况等。结果:经过临床治疗后,观察组与对照组的治疗总有效率分别为95.83%与79.17%,差异有统计学意义(P0.05);观察组患者盆腔肿块消失时间、腹痛缓解时间、白带恢复正常时间、下腹坠胀缓解时间比较对照组均明显较短,差异有统计学意义(P0.05);治疗前2组患者的血清细胞因子检测水平无明显差异,差异无统计学意义(P0.05),治疗后观察组患者检测水平比较对照组明显较优,差异有统计学意义(P0.05),2组患者治疗后均未出现较为明显的不良反应现象。结论:对慢性盆腔炎患者采取千金胶囊联合金刚藤胶囊进行治疗的疗效显著,可明显改善患者腹痛、下腹坠胀等临床症状,改善血清细胞因子水平,药物安全性高,值得在今后的临床工作中实践推广。     

联合检测CEA、CA19-9在D2胃癌术后随访中的价值

目的：探讨联合检测血清肿瘤标志物癌胚抗原（ CEA）和糖类抗原19-9（ CA19-9）在D2胃癌术后患者随访中的应用价值。方法：采集271例D2胃癌术后病人血清,利用免疫荧光分析法检测血清中CEA和CA19-9含量,并根据检验结果划分为CEA（-）/CA19-9（-）、CEA（﹢）/CA19-9（-）、CEA（-）/CA19-9（﹢）和CEA（﹢）/CA19-9（﹢）四个组。采用Kaplan-meier法进行生存率分析,利用Log-rank检验进行统计学差异性比较,χ2检验进行组间单因素分析。结果：两种肿瘤标志物CEA和CA19-9的联合检测时,两个同时为阳性组患者生存期远远低于单一阳性组;CEA（﹢）/CA19-9（-）组与CEA（-）/CA19-9（﹢）组比较,CEA（-）/CA19-9（﹢）组患者生存期要低于对照组,具有统计学差异（ P＜0.05）。结论：联合检测血清肿瘤标志物CEA和CA19-9在D2胃癌术后患者随访中,CA19-9阳性者提示更差的预后。     

6-(4-酰基-1-哌嗪乙酰氨基)-3,4-二氢-2(1H)-喹啉酮类化合物的合成及正肌力活性初探

目的 :寻找具有正性肌力活性的化合物。方法 :根据文献报道的二氢喹啉酮类正性肌力药物的结构特点 ,设计、合成了其类似物。以苯胺为起始原料经多步合成 ,对所得化合物用离体豚鼠心脏与主动脉观察了心肌收缩力、扩血管作用及心率。结果 :合成了 1 0个 6 ( 4 酰基 1 哌嗪乙酰氨基 ) 3 ,4 二氢 2 ( 1H) 喹啉酮类化合物 ( 4a～ 4j) ,均为未见文献报道的化合物。结论 :初步药理试验表明 ,化合物 ( 4h)显示了正性肌力及扩血管活性。     

Radiofrequence ablation of liver cancers

Primary and secondary malignant liver cancer are some of most common malignant tumors in the world. Chemotherapy and radiotherapy are not very effective against them. Surgical resection has been considered the only potentially curtive option, but the majority of patients are not candidates for resection because of tumor size, location near major intrahepatic blood vessels and bile ducts, precluding a margin-negative resection, cirrhotic, hepatitis virus infection or multifocial. Radiofrequence ablation (RFA), which is a new evolving effective and minimally invasive technique, can produce coagulative necrosis of malignant tumors. RFA should be used percutaneously, laparascopically, or during the open laparotomy under the guidance of ultrasound, CT scan and MRI. RFA has lots of advantages superior to other local therapies including lower complications, reduced costs and hospital stays, and the possibility of repeated treatment. In general, RFA is a safe, effective treatment for unresectable malignant liver tumors less than 7.0 cm in diameter. We review the principle, mechanism, procedures and experience with RFA for treating malignant liver tumors.