放疗后嗅粘膜超微结构观察

嗅区粘膜放疗后可引起迟发性嗅觉障碍，为了解其机制，对放疗后嗅粘膜用透射电镜观察其超微结构改变。发现其上皮层变性嗅神经原增多；固有层内纤维母细胞增多，胞浆内含有大量粗面内质网和线粒体，在纤维母细胞周围有大量整齐排列的胶原纤维。放疗后嗅粘膜的纤维化是嗅觉障碍的原因之一。     

关于高校后勤“剥离”的若干问题

“剥离”特指在高校后勤社会化进程之中 ,原来属于高校自身的后勤服务业 ,成建制地分离出去 ,不再属高校领导和管理 ,成为独立的、自负盈亏的实体。本文从研讨高校后勤社会化的内涵、模式以及中小规模高校后勤社会化的特点入手 ,思考“剥离”的有关问题 ,从而明确“剥离”的重要性、复杂性以及方式的多样性。     

Mononucleosis syndrome and coincidental human herpesvirus-7 and Epstein-Barr virus infection

Two girls (a 5 year old and a 21 month old) experiencing mononucleosis syndrome with coincidental human herpesvirus (HHV)-7 and Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infections are described. One patient had primary HHV-7 infection and reactivated EBV infection. The other had primary HHV-7 and EBV infections. These cases indicated that HHV-7 is capable of inducing infectious mononucleosis-like illness. Multiple herpesvirus infection in one of the patients also suggests that interaction among herpesviruses can occur in vivo. The consequence of this interaction may have clinical implications.     

肿瘤患者合并肺部念珠菌感染药敏测定研究

采用ＲＰＭＩ１６４０及ＦＤＡ抗生素３号两种培养基的微量稀释法对肿瘤患者合并肺感染分离出５１株念珠菌进行药敏对比测定。结果显示二性霉素Ｂ在两种培养基中均具有非常好的抗菌活性，敏感率均为９８．０％，其次酮康唑也显示出良好的抗菌活性，敏感率均为９４．１％。相比之下，在ＲＰＭＩ培养基中伊曲康唑和氟康唑的敏感性稍差，敏感率分别为９２．２％和９０．２％，但在ＦＤＡ抗生素３号培养基中，伊曲康唑和氟康唑敏感性明显下降，敏感率分别为７０．６％和６６．７％。为此我们建议抗真菌药敏试验，尤其是咪唑类药物应该选用ＮＣＣＬＳ推荐的ＲＰＭＩ１６４０培养基做药敏试验     

我院麻醉药品及精神药品的用药分析

目的了解麻醉药品、精神药品的临床应用情况及用药趋势。方法统计分析我院药库微机管理系统提供的2002-2003年麻醉药品、精神药品的数据。结果2002-2003年我院麻醉药品、精神药品中美施康定片和安定片的用药频度都处于第1位,吗啡类制剂用量增幅较大。结论麻醉药品、精神药品作为特殊管理的药品,应加强药品管理和注意合理用药。     

艾滋病预防控制策略

1世界艾滋病预防控制的经验与措施自1981年在美国首次报告获得性免疫缺陷综合征(简称艾滋病, AIDS)临床患者至今已20多年, AIDS已蔓延至世界各地,成为人类面临的危害最大的疾病之一。目前,全球累计艾滋病病毒(H IV)感染者已超过7000万。世界卫生组织(WHO )和联合国艾滋病规划署(UN-AIDS)估计至2004年底全球存活的H IV /AIDS人数已达3940万(3590~4430万)。在艾滋病的预防控制工作中,世界各国积累了许多丰富的经验和有效的控制策略,其中有些具有基本的、普遍性的原则,我们可以学习借鉴。它们主要体现在以下几方面。1·1政府重视,经…     

Inducible nitric oxide synthase expression elicited in the mouse brain by inflammatory mediators circulating in the cerebrospinal fluid

Expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) protein was studied in the brain after intracerebroventricular injections of interferon (IFN)-gamma, and IFN-gamma combined with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) or tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha, compared to ovalbumin as control. Wild-type mice and mice with targeted deletion of the IFN-gamma receptor gene were used. Findings based on iNOS immunoreactivity were evaluated at 1, 2, 4 and 7 days post-injection, using also quantitative image analysis and double labeling with glial cell markers. IFN-gamma administration induced iNOS immmunostaining in activated microglia and macrophages in the parenchyma surrounding the ventricular system, several cortical fields and fiber tracts. IFN-gamma-elicited iNOS immunoreactivity was down-regulated after 1 day. The number of iNOS-immunopositive cells was significantly enhanced by co-administration of LPS or TNF-alpha; IFN-gamma+TNF-alpha injections also resulted in longer persistence of iNOS immunoreactivity. No immunopositive cells were seen in the brain of IFN-gamma receptor knockout mice after IFN-gamma administration; very few immunostained macrophages were detected in these cases, mostly around the injection needle track, after co-administration of LPS or TNF-alpha. Western blot analysis confirmed a marked iNOS induction in the brain of wild-type mice 24 h after IFN-gamma+LPS injections. The findings show that inflammatory mediators circulating in the cerebrospinal fluid induce in vivo iNOS in the brain with topographical selectivity and temporal regulation. The data also demonstrate that the signaling cascade activated by IFN-gamma binding to its receptor is critical for iNOS induction, and the synergistic action of LPS and TNF-alpha as iNOS inducers in brain cells is largely mediated by the receptor-regulated action of IFN-gamma.     

高血糖高渗状态患者124例临床分析

目的探讨高血糖高渗状态(HHS)患者的病死率与器官功能衰竭、血浆渗透压、年龄的关系。方法回顾分析我院1997年￣2003年住院的124例HHS患者的临床资料。结果①124例HHS患者病死率为38.7%。②病死率与器官功能衰竭显著正相关,且与所并发器官功能衰竭的个数成正比。③病死率与年龄、血浆渗透压正相关。结论治疗HHS的同时积极防治器官功能衰竭是降低死亡率的关键。