Efficacy and safety of acupuncture in the treatment of depression: A systematic review of clinical research

As a common mental disorder, depression is one of the leading causes of disability around the world. Clinical studies have shown that acupuncture is an effective therapy without obvious side effects compared to limited efficacy and adverse reactions of drug therapy, cognitive behavioral therapy, and neuromodulation technology in treating depression. The objective of this review is to systematically evaluate whether acupuncture therapies for depression are safe and effective in order to provide a high-quality reference for clinical trials of acupuncture. A systematic search of the literature was carried out through bibliographic search engine PubMed. Subsequently, the study design, intervention methods, control group, results, and safety of acupuncture were analyzed. The results showed that acupuncture as an adjunct to antidepressants or as a single treatment can exert a positive impact on patients' depressive symptoms. Compared with antidepressants, acupuncture has the advantages of fast onset and long-term efficacy in the treatment of depression, and can enhance the efficacy of antidepressants. Moreover, the efficacy and safety of acupuncture in the treatment of depression maybe related to the qualification of the acupuncturist, the selection of acupoints, and intervention measures.     

Study on predictive factors of blood culture results in leukemia patients with fever during chemotherapy

Infection is a common complication of leukemia patients undergoing chemotherapy. Blood culture results are often needed to guide clinical use, but repeated sampling is often necessary to improve the positive rate and eliminate contamination. The purpose of this paper is to find predictive factors of blood culture results among clinical and laboratory indicators and try to establish a prediction model, so as to better choose the time of blood culture examination, predict the results, and better guide clinical treatment. We retrospectively collected clinical and laboratory data of febrile acute leukemia patients undergoing chemotherapy. The samples were randomly assigned to the training set and the validation set, and the prediction model was constructed from the training set. The calibration curve was made in the validation set and the Hosmer-Lemeshow test was performed to evaluate the prediction performance of the prediction model. A total of 229 patients were included. Univariate and multivariate analyses suggested that temperature at fever and procalcitonin were variables of significant difference between positive and negative blood culture patients. The sensitivity of the 2 variables for predicting blood culture results was high, but the specificity was low. In the process of external validation, the predictive ability of the constructed prediction model to the blood culture results was low. This study identified clinical and laboratory parameters associated with blood culture outcomes, but the predictive model established has low predictive accuracy in external validation.     

青少年航空学校学员入校6个月后远视力变化

目的通过对比分析青少年航空学校学员入学6个月后远视力变化情况,考察现行培养方案对学员视力保护的有效性和可行性,为有针对性地调整方案提供科学依据。方法记录3所青少年航空学校的222名学员定选及入校6个月后的远视力,以较差一只眼的视力为依据评价远视力总体变化情况;不同学校对比分析学员的视力变化,对用眼行为进行问卷调查,应用Logistic回归分析造成视力波动的主要影响因素。结果入校6个月以来,学员远视力水平稳中有升(P<0.05),视力保持稳定的学员比例占42.34%,有46.85%的学员视力上升。视力下降学员占10.81%,其中1.35%的学员视力下降至不合格。不合格学员集中在C校,C校学员总体视力呈现轻度下滑趋势(P<0.05),其余两校学员视力相对稳定。统计分析结果发现,学习时间和户外运动时间是对学员视力变化影响较大的2个因素。结论观察期内培养方案对于保护学员的视力是有效、可行的。下一步预防的重点可以放在学习时间和户外运动时间的合理分配上。     

Positive correlation between CD137 expression and complex stenosis morphology in patients with acute coronary syndromes

BackgroundCD137, a member of the tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily, has been reported to be expressed highly in patients with acute coronary syndromes. However, limited information is available on the relationship between CD137 expression and complex stenosis morphology in patients with acute coronary syndromes.MethodsOur study included normal controls (n = 50), patients with stable angina (SA) (n = 80) and patients with acute coronary syndromes (ACS), including unstable angina (UA) (n = 70) and acute myocardial infarction (AMI) (n = 100). The expression of CD137 in peripheral monocytes was analyzed by flow cytometry. Serum soluble CD137 (sCD137), MMP-9 and MMP-3 levels were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kit. All coronary stenoses with ≥ 50% diameter reduction were assessed by angiographic coronary stenosis morphology.ResultsPatients with ACS(n = 170) showed a significant increase of CD137 [23.6 ± 5.7 mean fluorescence intensity (MFI)] expression in peripheral monocytes compared with control (8.4 ± 2.6 MFI) and SA group (7.9 ± 2.1 MFI) (p < 0.001). sCD137 also showed higher level in patients with ACS(30.2 ± 8.7 ng/ml) than in control (6.2 ± 1.8 ng/ml) and SA group (7.1 ± 2.1 ng/ml) (p < 0.001). Serum MMP-3 and MMP-9 in patients with ACS were 2-times greater than those in control and SA group. A positive correlation was found between MMP-9, MMP-3 and CD137 expression in peripheral monocytes as well as sCD137 levels. An obvious correlation was also observed between soluble or membrane-bound CD137 expression and complex coronary stenoses (r₁ = 0.5548, r₂ = 0.4652, and p < 0.001). In the logistic regression model, the independent predictors of ACS were sCD137 (odds ratio 2.671, 95% CI 1.718–4.153, P = 0.000), MMP-9 (1.431, 1.043–1.964, P = 0.026) and MMP-3 (1.368, 1.038–1.817, P = 0.018).ConclusionPatients with ACS showed significantly positive correlation between CD137 expression and complex coronary stenosis morphology. We speculate that the increased CD137 expression might represent or reflect an instability of atherosclerotic plaques in patients with ACS.     

间歇式发射对微泡超声空化损伤小血管的增强作用

目的 探讨不同的超声发射方式在微泡超声损伤肠系膜小血管中的效应.方法 32只新西兰大白兔随机分为单纯微泡组、单纯超声辐照组、超声连续辐照微泡组和超声间歇辐照微泡组进行实验.静脉注射脂氟显微泡0.1 ml/kg,用峰值声压2.6MPa的低占空比治疗超声照射,照射后肉眼观察照射区域肠系膜小动静脉血管损伤情况,取辐照区小血管做病理检查.结果 单纯微泡组和单纯超声辐照组照射区小血管未发现任何生物学效应,而由微泡超声辐照的两组均出现了小血管破裂出血、血栓形成等生物学效应.肉眼观察超声间歇辐照微泡组形成的血肿大于超声连续辐照微泡组;病理学检查表明超声间歇辐照微泡组血管内皮细胞损伤,基底膜断裂以及血栓栓塞情况均高于超声连续辐照微泡组.且超声连续辐照微泡组形成的血管损伤情况不稳定.间歇辐照组损伤面积显著高于连续辐照组(P＜0.01).结论 在适宜参数条件下,微泡超声空化可引起肠系膜小血管壁破裂出血、形成血栓及栓塞血管;微泡再灌注增强了血管的损伤.     

Positive correlation between pregnancy-associated plasma protein-A level and OX40 ligand expression in patients with acute coronary syndromes

Objective

Increasing evidence show that serum pregnancy-associated plasma protein-A (PAPP-A) and OX40 ligand (OX40L) expression have been implicated in acute coronary syndromes (ACS). We investigated the relationship between PAPP-A level and OX40L in serum and membrane-bound OX40L in patients with ACS.

Methods

The present study included normal controls (n = 30), patients with stable angina (SA) (n = 60) and patients with ACS, including unstable angina (UA) (n = 50) and acute myocardial infarction (AMI) (n = 30). Serum concentrations of PAPP-A and soluble OX40L (sOX40L) were determined with Elisa, whereas the expression of OX40L on monocytes were analyzed with flow cytometry.

Results

The expression of OX40L in peripheral monocytes in patients with UA [25.6 ± 5.5 mean fluorescence intensity (MFI)] and AMI (29.4 ± 6.3 MFI) were significantly higher than those in patients with SA (10.6 ± 2.8 MFI) and controls (11.1 ± 3.5 MFI). Both sOX40L and PAPP-A in patients with UA (15.7 ± 4.9 ng/mL, 25.4 ± 6.8 μg/mL, respectively) and AMI (17.1 ± 5.3 ng/mL, 26.3 ± 5.6 μg/mL, respectively) were significantly higher than those in patients with SA (3.4 ± 1.4 ng/mL, 9.6 ± 2.1 μg/mL, respectively) and controls (3.9 ± 1.3 ng/mL, 8.5 ± 2.8 μg/mL, respectively) (P < 0.001). Interestingly, a positive correlation was found between sOX40L, membrane-bound OX40L and serum PAPP-A levels (r₁ = 0.54, r₂ = 0.51; P < 0.0001). Both serum and membrane-bound OX40L and PAPP-A levels significantly correlated with complex coronary stenosis (r₁ = 0.56, r₂ = 0.55, r₃ = 0.40; P < 0.001).

Conclusion

PAPP-A level was significantly related to soluble and membrane-bound OX40L in patients with ACS. Enhanced level of serum PAPP-A and sOX40L might represent a prognostic marker for coronary disease activity.     

载紫杉醇脂质微泡的改良制备研究

目的 探讨加入三醋酸甘油酯改良制备载紫杉醇脂质微泡的可行性,及其对载药微泡质量、载药量、包封率的影响.方法 采用冷冻干燥法制备携带紫杉醇的脂质微泡,分别于制备过程中加入或不加入三醋酸甘油酯,测定载药微泡的包封率、载药量、粒径大小、分布和Zeta电位、pH值.结果 改良法(加入三醋酸甘油酯)制备的载紫杉醇脂质微泡与常规冻干法制备的载药微泡相比较,微泡粒径显著减小,二者的平均粒径分别是(1.1±0.4)μm和(2.8±0.4)μm,P<0.01;其表面电位显著增高(19.1±0.3)mV和(-5.9±0.2)mV,P<0.01;包封率和载药量显著增高,包封率分别为(95.0±1.2)%和(36.1±4.7)%,载药量为(5.60±0.10)%和(0.50±0.04)%,P<0.01.结论 制备过程中加入三醋酸甘油酯可显著提高载药微泡的包封率和载药量.     

Aquatic plant-derived biochars produced in different pyrolytic conditions: Spectroscopic studies and adsorption behavior of diclofenac sodium in water media

The ubiquitous prevalence of pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs) in water has aroused enormous public concerns. The development of promising materials for eliminating such contaminants in the water environment has attracted extensive attention in the scientific community. In this study, three (350 °C, 450 °C, and 600 °C, respectively) pyrolytic conditions were developed to prepare biochars (BCs), which were mainly prepared from the wastes of the overgrown plants (i.e., vallisneria natans, potamogeton malaianus, phragmites australis, potampgeton crispus, and river sediment additional). BCs were thoroughly characterised by various important properties (i.e., porosity and superficial functional group) and applied to remove diclofenac sodium (DS) drug from water media. Results indicated that the BCs adsorption capacity were remarkably improved when pyrolytic temperature was 450 °C and the adsorption equilibrium could be reached after 4 h (with BCs of 0.12 g/L and DS concentration of 12 mg/L). Batch adsorption experiments demonstrated a fit of Pseudo-second order (R² = 0.992-0.996) and the Langmuir adsorption isotherm (R² = 0.981-0.989) was suitable. The thermodynamic parameters derived from the fitting procedure point out the adsorption processes were all spontaneous and endothermic. The overall adsorption mechanism was regarded as pore filling, π-π interaction, van der Waals force, and π-electron attraction. This study stress out the main DS adsorption behavior using the above-mentioned materials was chemisorption predominated, but the adsorption capacity differs with different material properties. The prepared BCs can serve as potential carbonaceous porous adsorbents for removing DS from water media.     

降低宫颈癌发病率及提高诊治质量

目的 介绍上海市降低宫颈癌发病率及提高诊治质量的经验。方法 通过子宫卵巢心且，定期开展宫颈癌防治工作；（１）调查宫颈癌的高危因素；（２）探索普查优选方案；９３）分析宫颈癌误诊原因；（４）每年统计宫颈癌的标化率；（５）比较１９９５年妇科三癌（宫颈、子宫、卵巢癌）的标化率。结果 （１）宫颈癌的发病年龄５０岁以上者占９５．８％。（２）提高了读片质量。（３）１９９８年共误诊５例，延误就诊了３例，漏诊２例。     

机器人与腹腔镜在低位直肠癌经括约肌间切除术的近期疗效对比

目的比较机器人和腹腔镜在低位直肠癌经括约肌间切除术的近期疗效,探讨机器人经括约肌间切除术的安全性及可行性。 方法回顾性分析2015年10月至2017年10月甘肃省人民医院肛肠科确诊为低位直肠癌并行机器人或者腹腔镜经括约肌间切除患者的人口及临床资料。收集并比较两组的手术时间、术中出血量、中转开腹率、首次通气时间、术后住院时间、并发症、肿瘤距远切缘的距离、环周切缘的阳性数、清扫淋巴结数量等。 结果机器人组流质饮食时间、首次通气时间、术后住院时间较腹腔镜组短（均P<0.05）;机器人组术中失血量多于腹腔镜组（P<0.05）;机器人与腹腔镜组在手术时间上差异无统计学意义,两组的术后并发症的差异无统计学意义,机器人组的总费用高于腹腔镜组（P<0.001）。 结论机器人低位直肠癌经括约肌间切除术是安全、可行的。与腹腔镜组手术相比,机器人组术后肠功能恢复快,住院时间短,近期肿瘤学的结果安全可靠,可作为低位直肠癌治疗的有效手段之一。