慢性牙周炎患者血清生化指标分析

目的通过分析牙周炎患者和牙周健康者的血糖、血脂、血清钙水平,探讨血清生化指标的异常是否对牙周炎的发生发展起促进作用。方法研究对象225人均无全身系统性疾病,病例组为慢性牙周炎患者145人,以临床附着丧失（CAL）<3 mm或CAL≥3 mm分为轻度组和中、重度组,对照组为牙周健康者80人,空腹抽取静脉血,检测血糖、血脂和血清钙水平,用SPSS 12.0统计软件包对血清学指标进行统计分析。结果病例组和对照组血脂和血清钙水平无显著差异（P>0.05）,病例组血糖、低密度脂蛋白高于临界值者和高密度脂蛋白、血清钙低于临界值者比例明显高于对照组（P<0.05）,轻度组血糖、甘油三酯、低密度脂蛋白水平明显低于中、重度组（P<0.05。结论血糖、血脂升高,血清钙降低可能增加宿主对牙周炎的易感性和促进牙周炎的发展。     

Endovascular Treatment of Autogenous Radiocephalic Fistulas with the “Eighth Note” Deformity for Hemodialysis

The purpose of this paper is to describe a unique “eighth note” deformity of the autogenous radiocephalic fistula for hemodialysis and to retrospectively evaluate the efficacy and safety of its endovascular treatment. Over 3 years, a total of 808 patients and 558 autogenous radiocephalic fistulas were treated for vascular access dysfunction or thrombosis. These included 14 fistulas in 14 patients (9 men, 5 women; mean age, 58.2 ± 2.8 years; range 27–79 years) whose fistulograms before treatment resembled a musical note, the eighth note. Endovascular treatment sought to remodel the deformed vascular access to a classic radiocephalic fistula and increase the number of cannulation sites available for hemodialysis. The technical and clinical success rates were each 92.8% (13/14). Fistula remodeling was successful in 13 patients. The postintervention primary patency was 100% at 90 days, 91.7 ± 0.8% at 120 days, 78.6 ± 13.9% at 180 days, 62.9 ± 17.9% at 360 days, 31.4 ± 24.0% at 540 days, and 0% at 720 days. The postintervention secondary patency was 100% at 90 days, 100% at 120 days, 100% at 180 days, 85.7 ± 13.2% at 360 days, and 85.7 ± 13.2% at 720 days. No major complications were noted. Minor complications were found in 71.4% of patients, all of which resolved spontaneously. In conclusion, endovascular treatment of fistulas with the eighth note deformity can effectively increase the number of available cannulation sites, facilitate fistula maturation, and facilitate thromboaspiration after fistula thrombosis.     

Evidence of Coulomb blockade behavior in a quasi-zero-dimensional quantum well on TiO2 surface

Line defects on the surface of rutile TiO₂(110) form in pairs separated by 1.2 nm creating a quantum well. The well is effectively closed by the presence of two charged structures at both ends separated by a distance in the 10–20 nm range. As expected for quantum confinement a long period oscillatory feature of the local density of states is observed and attributed to the formation of discrete quantum states inside the system. It is at first glance surprising that the lowest energy quantum state of the well can be observed at room temperature. The properties of the quantum state cannot be explained in an independent-electron, band-like theory. Instead, electron-electron correlation must be included to give a satisfactory picture of the spatial distribution of the charge density. Theory predicts charging energies of 1.30 eV and 1.14 eV for quantum well lengths of 14 nm and 16 nm, respectively, in good agreement with a classical calculation and the size dependence of the capacitance. This observation opens up the possibility of experimentally imaging the transition from a Coulomb blockade localized in a zero-dimensional system to an independent-particle or band-like behavior in an extended one-dimensional system.     

Zacopride对血管紧张素Ⅱ诱发的心肌纤维化的影响

目的:研究内向整流钾通道(IK1)激动剂扎考必利(zacopride,Zac)对血管紧张素Ⅱ(angiotensinⅡ,AngⅡ)诱导的心脏成纤维细胞(cardiac fibroblasts,CFb)细胞活力和凋亡的影响,探讨其抑制心肌纤维化的机制。方法:以组织块消化和差速贴壁法原代分离培养SD乳鼠心室成纤维细胞,用AngⅡ诱导细胞建立细胞活化模型。将分离培养的CFb随机分为空白对照组、AngⅡ模型组、Zac干预组、Zac+Ba Cl2干预组、Zac+氯喹干预组和AngⅡ+卡托普利阳性对照组。CCK-8法检测Zac对CFb活力的影响;ELISA法测定CFb上清液中Ⅰ、Ⅲ型胶原含量;流式细胞术检测细胞凋亡率;Western blot检测心肌内向整流钾通道蛋白Kir2.1表达的变化。结果:与空白对照组比较,AngⅡ模型组CFb活力及胶原合成显著增加,Kir2.1的表达降低(P0.05);与AngⅡ模型组比较,Zac干预组CFb活力及胶原合成显著降低,凋亡率显著升高,Kir2.1的表达明显上调(P0.05);IK1阻断剂Ba Cl2和氯喹可阻断Zac对IK1通道的激动效应,明显逆转Zac的抗心肌纤维化作用。结论:Zac可明显抑制AngⅡ诱发的心肌纤维化,其机制可能与激动心肌内向整流钾通道,进而抑制成纤维细胞活力并诱导其凋亡有关。     

The Trypanosoma brucei sphingolipid synthase, an essential enzyme and drug target

Sphingolipids are important components of eukaryotic membranes, particularly the plasma membrane, and are involved in a diverse array of signal transduction processes. In the Eukaryota the biosynthetic pathway for the formation of these lipid species is largely conserved. However, in contrast to mammals which produce sphingomyelin (SM), several pathogenic fungi and protozoa synthesize inositol phosphorylceramide (IPC) as the primary phosphosphingolipid. This process is catalyzed by the enzyme IPC synthase, a recognized target for anti-fungals encoded by the AUR1 gene in yeast. Recently, functional orthologues of the AUR1p have been identified in a group of insect vector-borne pathogenic protozoa, the Kinetoplastida, which are responsible for a range of so-called neglected diseases. Of these the Trypanosoma brucei species are the causative agents of human African trypanosomiasis in many of the most under-developed regions of Africa. The available treatments for these diseases are limited, of decreasing efficacy, and often demonstrate severe side-effects. Against this background the T. brucei sphingolipid synthase, an orthologue of the yeast AUR1p, may represent a promising target for novel anti-protozoals. Our studies identify an isoform of this protein as a novel bi-functional enzyme capable of catalyzing the synthesis of both IPC and SM, both known to be present in the parasite. Furthermore, the synthase is essential for parasite growth and can be inhibited by a known anti-fungal at low nanomolar levels in vitro. Most notably this drug demonstrates trypanocidal activity against cultured bloodstream form parasites. Thus, the T. brucei sphingolipid synthase represents a valid and promising drug target.     

膀胱移行细胞癌中E2F3的表达及意义

目的探讨E2F3在膀胱移行细胞癌中的表达及临床意义。方法采用lit-PCR和免疫组化技术检测32例膀胱移行细胞癌及14例正常膀胱移行上皮组织中E2F3 mRNA及蛋白的表达。结果膀胱移行细胞癌中E2F3m RNA及蛋白的表达明显高于正常膀胱移行上皮组织（P〈0．05）,E2F3 mRNA及蛋白的表达随肿瘤分级、分期增高而相应增高（P〈0．05）。结论E2F3对膀胱移行细胞癌的发生发展发挥重要的作用,并可在一定程度上反映肿瘤的恶性程度。     

Segmentation and reconstruction of hepatic veins and intrahepatic portal vein based on the coronal sectional anatomic dataset

Three-dimensional (3D) reconstruction of intrahepatic vessels is very useful in visualizing the complex anatomy of hepatic veins and intrahepatic portal vein. It also provides a 3D anatomic basis for diagnostic imaging and surgical operation on the liver. In the present study, we built a 3D digitized model of hepatic veins and intrahepatic portal vein based on the coronal sectional anatomic dataset of the liver. The dataset was obtained using the digital freezing milling technique. The pre-reconstructed structures were identified and extracted, and then were segmented by the method of manual intervention. The digitized model of hepatic veins and intrahepatic portal vein was established using 3D medical visualization software. This model facilitated a continuous and dynamic displaying of the hepatic veins and intrahepatic portal vein at different orientations, which demonstrated the complicated relationship of adjacent hepatic veins and intrahepatic portal vein realistically in the 3D space. This study indicated that high-quality 2D images, precise data segmentation, and suitable 3D reconstruction methods ensured the reality and accuracy of the digital visualized model of hepatic veins and intrahepatic portal vein.     

Partial monosomy 13q (13q21.32--->qter) and partial trisomy 8p (8p1--->pter) presenting with anencephaly and increased nuchal translucency: array comparative genomic hybridization characterization

ObjectiveTo present array comparative genomic hybridization (aCGH) characterization of partial monosomy 13q (13q21.32→qter) and partial trisomy 8p (8p12→pter) presenting with anencephaly and increased nuchal translucency (NT).Case ReportA 34-year-old primigravid woman was referred to the hospital at 12 weeks of gestation for termination of the pregnancy because of major structural abnormalities of the fetus. Prenatal ultrasound revealed a malformed fetus with anencephaly and an increased NT thickness of 5 mm at 12 weeks of gestation. Cytogenetic analysis of the fetus revealed a derivative chromosome 13. The mother was subsequently found to carry a balanced reciprocal translocation between 8p12 and 13q21. Bacterial artificial chromosome-based aCGH using fetal DNA demonstrated partial trisomy 8p and partial monosomy 13q [arr cgh 8p23.3p12 (RP11-1150M5→RP11-1145H12)×3, 13q21.32q34 (RP11-326B4→RP11-450H16)×1]. Oligonucleotide-based aCGH showed a 36.7-Mb duplication of distal 8p and a 48.4-Mb deletion of distal 13q. The fetal karyotype was 46,XY,der(13) t(8;13)(p12;q21.32)mat. The maternal karyotype was 46,XX,t(8;13)(p12;q21.32).ConclusionThe 13q deletion syndrome can be associated with neural tube defects and increased NT in the first trimester. Prenatal sonographic detection of neural tube defects should alert chromosomal abnormalities and prompt cytogenetic investigation, which may lead to the identification of an unexpected parental translocation involving chromosomal segments associated with neural tube development.     

Use of an oxytocin antagonist in in vitro fertilization-embryo transfer for women with repeated implantation failure: a retrospective study

ObjectiveThis retrospective study aimed to investigate the use of an oxytocin antagonist in improving the pregnancy outcome of in vitro fertilization–embryo transfer (IVF–ET) in patients with repeated implantation failure (RIF).Materials and MethodsA total of 150 infertile couples with RIF undergoing IVF–ET were divided into three groups. Patients who did not receive atosiban were used as controls (Group 1; n = 80). Forty patients received a single bolus dose (6.75 mg, 0.9 mL/vial) of atosiban before ET (Group 2), and 30 patients received a bolus dose of 6.75 mg atosiban followed by infusion at 18 mg/hr for 3 hours immediately after ET (Group 3).ResultsA significantly higher implantation rate (30.21%) was noted in Group 2 compared with Groups 1 and 3 (11.8% and 15.9%, respectively; p = 0.0006). The clinical pregnancy rate of Group 2 (37.5%) was significantly higher than that of Groups 1 (12.5%) and 3 (20%) (p = 0.0057). The live birth rate was significantly higher in Group 2 (35%) than in Groups 1 and 3 (10% and 16.67%, respectively; p = 0.0031).ConclusionThese results suggest that IVF–ET using lower dosage of atosiban may improve pregnancy outcomes of patients with RIF.     

托特罗定治疗前列腺电切术后膀胱不适症状的疗效观察

目的:评价托特罗定治疗前列腺电切术后膀胱不适症状的疗效与安全。方法:将124例行前列腺电切术后的前列腺增生症患者随机分为试验组(n=62)和对照组(n=62),分别给予托特罗定和安慰剂2mg/次,2次/d,至拔除尿管前24小时,记录术后6天内患者的膀胱不适症状,将膀胱不适症状分为轻、中、重。结果:试验组膀胱不适症状发生率明显低于对照组(P<0.05),且膀胱不适症状的严重程度也低于对照组(P<0.05),但40.32%试验组患者有口干等不良反应。结论:托特罗定是治疗前列腺电切术的膀胱不适症状安全、有效药物。