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101.
102.
Replication of distinct scrapie prion isolates is region specific in brains of transgenic mice and hamsters. 总被引:23,自引:0,他引:23
R Hecker A Taraboulos M Scott K M Pan S L Yang M Torchia K Jendroska S J DeArmond S B Prusiner 《Genes & development》1992,6(7):1213-1228
Scrapie prions are composed largely, if not entirely, of PrPSc molecules. The prion isolates Sc237 and 139H exhibit markedly different incubation times in Syrian, Armenian, and Chinese hamsters, as well as in transgenic (Tg) 81 mice expressing Syrian hamster PrP (SHaPrP). Repassage of prions from transgenic mice or Chinese hamsters into Syrian hamsters revealed that the original properties of the prion isolates are retained. When Syrian hamsters were first inoculated with 139H prions and subsequently challenged with Sc237 prions, the incubation period was determined by the faster Sc237 isolate. Regional mapping studies demonstrated different kinetics and patterns of PrPSc accumulation for Sc237 and 139H prions in the brains of Syrian hamsters as well as Tg(SHaPrP)7 mice. That distinct prion isolates induce different region-specific accumulations of PrPSc in brain suggests a novel mechanism for propagation of isolates whereby they replicate in particular sets of neurons. The prion isolates could be targeted to specific CNS cells by differing conformations of PrPSc, post-translational modifications of PrPSc such as Asn-linked glycosylation, or an as yet undetected macromolecule complexed with PrPSc in the prion. 相似文献
103.
GABA- and glutamate-mediated synaptic potentials in rat dorsal raphe neurons in vitro 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
1. Synaptic potentials were recorded with intracellular electrodes from rat dorsal raphe neurons in a slice preparation. 2. Synaptic potentials were evoked by applying electrical pulses to bipolar stimulating electrodes positioned immediately dorsal to the raphe nucleus; these arose after a latency of 0.5-5 ms and had a duration of 20-200 ms. 3. The synaptic potential was biphasic (at the resting potential) when the recording electrodes contained potassium citrate; a depolarization was followed by a hyperpolarization. The hyperpolarization reversed in polarity at -70 mV and was blocked by bicuculline. 4. The depolarizing synaptic potential was reduced to 50-90% of control by kynurenate (1-2 mM) or 6-cyano-2,3-dihydroxy-7-nitro-quinoxaline (CNQX) (10 microM) and increased in amplitude and duration by magnesium-free solution. 5. In magnesium-free solutions (with CNQX), the depolarizing synaptic potential was blocked by DL-2-amino-5-phosphonovaleric acid (APV, 50 microM). APV also blocked depolarization caused by adding N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) to the superfusion solution. 6. The results indicate that raphe neurons display two synaptic potentials having a duration of 150-200 ms: one that is mediated by GABA and a second that is due to an excitatory amino acid. The component mediated by an excitatory amino acid involves, in part, a receptor of the NMDA type. 相似文献
104.
cagA-Positive Helicobacter pylori Populations in China and The Netherlands Are Distinct 总被引:9,自引:0,他引:9 下载免费PDF全文
Arie van der Ende Zhi-Jun Pan Aldert Bart Ren W. M. van der Hulst Monique Feller Shu-Dong Xiao Guido N. J. Tytgat Jacob Dankert 《Infection and immunity》1998,66(5):1822-1826
The aim of this research was to study whether and to what extent Chinese cagA-positive Helicobacter pylori isolates differ from those in The Netherlands. Analysis of random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD)-PCR-assessed DNA fingerprints of chromosomal DNA of 24 cagA-positive H. pylori isolates from Dutch (n = 12) and Chinese (n = 10) patients yielded the absence of clustering. Based on comparison of the sequence of a 243-nucleotide part of cagA, the Dutch (group I) and Chinese (group II) H. pylori isolates formed two separate branches with high confidence limits in the phylogenetic tree. These two clusters were not observed when the sequence of a 240-bp part of glmM was used in the comparison. The number of nonsynonymous substitutions was much higher in cagA than in glmM, indicating positive selection. The average levels of divergence of cagA at the nucleotide and protein levels between group I and II isolates were found to be high, 13.3 and 17.9%, respectively. Possibly, the pathogenicity island (PAI) that has been integrated into the chromosome of the ancestor of H. pylori now circulating in China contained a different cagA than the PAI that has been integrated into the chromosome of the ancestor of H. pylori now circulating in The Netherlands. We conclude that in China and The Netherlands, two distinct cagA-positive H. pylori populations are circulating. 相似文献
105.
Missense mutation in a von Willebrand factor type A domain of the alpha 3(VI) collagen gene (COL6A3) in a family with Bethlem myopathy 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Pan TC; Zhang RZ; Pericak-Vance MA; Tandan R; Fries T; Stajich JM; Viles K; Vance JM; Chu ML; Speer MC 《Human molecular genetics》1998,7(5):807-812
The Bethlem myopathy is a rare autosomal dominant proximal myopathy
characterized by early childhood onset and joint contractures. Evidence for
linkage and genetic heterogeneity has been established, with the majority
of families linked to 21q22.3 and one large family linked to 2q37,
implicating the three type VI collagen subunit genes, COL6A1 (chromosome
21), COL6A2 (chromosome 21) and COL6A3 (chromosome 2) as candidate genes.
Mutations of the invariant glycine residues in the triple-helical
domain-coding region of COL6A1 and COL6A2 have been reported previously in
the chromosome 21-linked families. We report here the identification of a
G-->A mutation in the N-terminal globular domain-coding region of COL6A3
in a large American pedigree (19 affected, 12 unaffected), leading to the
substitution of glycine by glutamic acid in the N2 motif, which is
homologous to the type A domains of the von Willebrand factor. This
mutation segregated to all affected family members, to no unaffected family
members, and was not identified in 338 unrelated Caucasian control
chromosomes. Thus mutations in either the triple-helical domain or the
globular domain of type VI collagen appear to cause Bethlem myopathy.
相似文献
106.
Ruth J. McDonald Lester C. Pan Judith A. St. George Dallas M. Hyde Jonathan M. Ducore 《Inflammation》1993,17(6):715-722
The respiratory epithelium is often exposed to oxidant gases, including ozone from photochemical smog and toxic oxygen metabolites released from neutrophils recruited in conditions of airway inflammation. We evaluated DNA single strand break formation by alkaline elution as a measure of oxidant-induced DNA damage to bronchial epithelial cells. Human AdenoSV-40-transformed bronchial epithelial cells (BEAS), subclone R1.4 or nonhuman primate bronchial epithelial cells were cultured in growth factor supplemented Ham's F12 medium on polycarbonate filters. DNA was labeled by incubation with [3H]thymidine. Cells were incubated for 1 h in HBSS or HBSS and increasing concentrations of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). Cells incubated in H2O2 demonstrated dose-dependent increases in strand break formation, and BEAS cells were more sensitive to H2O2-induced injury than primary bronchial epithelial cells. The addition of catalase or preincubation of cells with the iron chelator desferoxamine prevented H2O2-induced strand breakage. DNA strand break formation may be an important mechanism of oxidant injury in respiratory epithelial cells.This work was supported by NIEHS grant ES-00628 and California Primate Research Center Base grant. Portions of this work were presented at the American Thoracic Society annual meeting, May 1992, Miami, Florida. 相似文献
107.
为了解先天性肾上腺皮质增生症患者的21-羟化酶CYP21B基因中Ile~(172)→Asn错义突变的发生率,根据放大受阻突变体系(Amplificationrefractorymutationsystem,ARMS)的要求,设计了3种引物:5'd(TTGGGAGACTACTCCCTGCTCT)3'(共同引物)、5'd(AGGTGAGGTAACAGA)3'(正常引物)、5'd(AGGTGAGGTAACAGT)3'(突变引物),在7例患儿中进行了检测,发现具有本突变者3例。对其中一例进行的家系分析,结果提示:这组引物有快速、简便的优点,不需使用同位素就能对具有Ile~(172)→Asn变异的高危家庭成员作产前诊断。 相似文献
108.
Power spectral analysis of the electroencephalographic and hemodynamic correlates of propofol anesthesia in the rat: Intravenous infusion 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Peter P. C. Tan Ming-Hwang Shyr Chen-Hsein Yang Terry B. J. Kuo Wynn H. T. Pan Samuel H. H. Chan 《Neuroscience letters》1993,160(2):205-208
Based on the tail-flick response to noxious thermal stimuli, we determined in the present study that effective antinociception could be achieved in adult male Sprague-Dawley rats 15 min after intravenous infusion of propofol at 60 mg/kg/h. Simultaneous power spectral analysis of the electroencephalographic (EEG) and systemic arterial pressure signals further revealed a concomitant depression of the activity of all EEG frequency bands (δ, θ, , β), alongside hypotension, negative inotropic and chronotropic actions, and attenuated baroreceptor reflex and vasomotor activity. These effects were congruent with a plasma concentration of propofol in the arterial blood of 1.70 ± 0.13 μg/ml, as determined by high-performance liquid chromatography. 相似文献
109.
The skin,tongue, and brain as favorable organs for hog cholera diagnosis by immunofluorescence 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
I. C. Pan T. S. Huang C. H. Pan Shenq-Yi Chern Shu-Hwae Lee Y. L. Lin B. Y. Huang C. C. Lin N. J. Li J. P. Lin Y. H. Yang S. Y. Chiu J. S. Chang D. K. Hue H. C. Lee C. N. Chang 《Archives of virology》1993,131(3-4):475-481
Summary Hog cholera virus antigens were found densely distributed in skin and tongue of pigs experimentally infected with hog cholera virus. The finding described here warrants the usage of ear biopsies for hog cholera diagnosis on a herd basis. 相似文献
110.
Angie Wade Huiqi Pan Simon Eaton Agostino Pierro Evelyn Ong 《BMC medical research methodology》2006,6(1):11-12