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141.
BAOHE TIAN B'ANN T GABELT CRAIG E CROSSON PAUL L KAUFMAN 《Experimental eye research》1997,64(6):979-989
The effects of single or multiple topical doses of the relatively selective A1adenosine receptor agonists (R)-phenylisopropyladenosine (R-PIA) and N6-cyclohexyladenosine (CHA) on intraocular pressure (IOP), aqueous humor flow (AHF) and outflow facility were investigated in ocular normotensive cynomolgus monkeys. IOP and AHF were determined, under ketamine anesthesia, by Goldmann applanation tonometry and fluorophotometry, respectively. Total outflow facility was determined by anterior chamber perfusion under pentobarbital anesthesia. A single unilateral topical application of R-PIA (20–250 μg) or CHA (20–500 μg) produced ocular hypertension (maximum rise=4.9 or 3.5 mmHg) within 30 min, followed by ocular hypotension (maximum fall=2.1 or 3.6 mmHg) from 2–6 hr. The relatively selective adenosine A2antagonist 3,7-dimethyl-1-propargylxanthine (DMPX, 320 μg) inhibited the early hypertension, without influencing the hypotension. Neither 100 μg R-PIA nor 500 μg CHA clearly altered AHF. Total outflow facility was increased by 71% 3 hr after 100 μg R-PIA. In conclusion, the early ocular hypertension produced by topical adenosine agonists in cynomolgus monkeys is associated with the activation of adenosine A2receptors, while the subsequent hypotension appears to be mediated by adenosine A1receptors and results primarily from increased outflow facility. 相似文献
142.
143.
144.
Neurophysiological correlates of mental arithmetic 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
PAUL PAULI WERNER LUTZENBERGER NIELS BIRBAUMER TIMOTHY C. RICKARD LYLE E. BOURNE JR. 《Psychophysiology》1996,33(5):522-529
Thirteen subjects were extensively trained on nine multiplication problems varying in difficulty. Practice was associated with a reaction time speed up and an attenuation of the problem size effect. The introduction of previously unpracticed problems led to a performance rebound to pretraining levels, indicating practice specificity. The event-related potentials were characterized by a late positive complex, followed by a positive slow wave. Offset latency of positive slow wave and preresponse amplitude at parietal electrodes showed practice specificity effects that systematically changed with practice and problem size, indicating an association with the load imposed on working memory. The peak of the late positive complex probably reflects task learning or adaptation effects because it was attenuated by practice predominantly at frontal electrodes, showed no practice specificity, and was not affected by problem size. 相似文献
145.
GEORGE A. HEAVNER WAYNE L. CODY JONATHAN CROWTHER BARBARA DUHL-EMSWILER KAREN MAY PAUL SALOMONS JOHN PASCONE 《Chemical biology & drug design》1990,36(2):188-192
The final catalytic deprotection in the large scale synthesis of thymopentin (Arg-Lys-Asp-Val-Tyr) produced an impurity which had not previously been observed. Isolation by preparative HPLC and spectroscopic characterization led to a postulated structure of the impurity as the 1: 1 thymopentin-palladium complex. A complex corresponding to the proposed structure was independently synthesized and shown to have identical chromatographic and spectroscopic properties with the isolated material. Proton and carbon (13) NMR were used to determine the coordination sites of the peptide with palladium. The susceptibility of the complex to hydrogenation indicated a possible source for its formation. 相似文献
146.
147.
There has been great concern in recent years about the abuse of cocaine, particularly in its smokable form ‘crack’. This paper presents data drawn from 441 patients seen by a South London Community Drug Team between 1987 and 1989. Only four (1%) cited cocaine abuse as the main drug problem. Heroin was the most common main drug. Detailed information was available on 355 of these subjects. During the study period 63 patients reported using cocaine and the proportion of subjects using cocaine increased from 13% to 29%. Within the sub-group of cocaine users, there was a marked increase in the use of smokable forms of cocaine from 15% in 1987 to 75% in 1989. In view of the increased dependence risk associated with smoking cocaine, this is seen as an ominous development. 相似文献
148.
Flecainide Induced Atrial Tachycardia with 1:1 Ventricular Conduction During Exercise Testing 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
DOMENICK N. RANDAZZO PAUL SCHWEITZER ELLIOT STEIN JOHN S. BANAS Jr. STEPHEN L. WINTERS 《Pacing and clinical electrophysiology : PACE》1994,17(9):1509-1514
Wide complex tachycardias may represent a rare proarrhythmic effect of some antiarrhythmic agents. The authors describe a patient who developed a wide complex tachycardia developing during stress testing while on therapy with flecainide, and the difficulty in interpreting the electrocardiogram. This article reviews potential proarrhythmic effects of flecainide in the treatment of atrial dysrhythmias and the difficulty in differentiating associated wide complex tachycardias. 相似文献
149.
PAUL CORDOPATIS EVY MANESSI-ZOUPA DIMITRIOS THEODOROPOULOS ROGER BOSS RICHARD BOULEY SYLVAIN GAGNON EMANUEL ESCHER 《Chemical biology & drug design》1994,44(4):320-324
Six analogues of angiotensin II (Ang) were synthesized with modifications in positions 1 and 7. The study was undertaken in order to learn more about the influence of alkylations in positions 1 and 7 and their interdependence. Previous studies have shown that x,x-dimethylation of Gly (aminoisobutyric acid, Aib) in position 1 produces quite potent analogues, as does N-methylation of Gly (sarcosine). Combination of both Cx- and Nx-methylations to N-Me-Aib1, however, did not produce an affinity increase. Decyclisation of the Pro7-residue produced moderately active analogues with position 7 N-methylation and inactive analogues if the N-alkylation was suppressed. In order to investigate a possible stereochemical interdependence of positions 1 and 7, a group of peptides with combinations of position 1 and 7 alkylations were investigated. The following analogues were prepared: [Sar1, Aib7]Ang, [Sar1,Aib7,Leu8]Ang, [Aib1,7]Ang, [Aib1,7, Leu8]Ang, [N-Me-Aib1,Aib7]Ang, [N-Me-Aib1,Aib7,Leu8]Ang. They were synthesized by classical solid phase synthesis using the BOC-TFA-HF scheme. The biological properties of these peptides were assessed on the rabbit aorta preparation and their binding potencies were measured on bovine adrenal membranes. Both on agonistic and antagonistic [Leu8]Ang analogues single Aib substitutions in position 1 or 7 induced affinity reduction in both bioassays. Simultaneous Aib modifications in positions 1 and 7 induced more important affinity loss in a synergic manner in both bioassays and as well for agonists and antagonists. The N-Me-Aib1 modifications induce similar affinity loss with or without concomitant Aib7 modification. Agonistic (Phe8) analogues containing Aib in position 7 all have reduced intrinsic activity, indicating for the first time an influence of this position on the activation mechanism of the Ang receptor of the Type AT1. © Munksgaard 1994. 相似文献
150.
MIRIAM DEANE DEHILA GOR M. EITHNE MACMAHON VINCE EMERY PAUL D. GRIFFITH MICHELLE CUMMINS & H. GRANT PRENTICE 《British journal of haematology》1997,99(1):162-164
We report a patient who developed transfusion-associated graft-versus-host-disease (GvHD) and concurrent cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection, both complications thought to be related to severe T lymphocyte depletion induced by treatment with a purine analogue drug, fludarabine. CMV viraemia was detected by qualitative PCR and the viral load in positive samples was measured using a fully quantitative PCR assay. This quantitative assay enabled the evaluation of the efficacy of antiviral interventions based on the qualitative PCR result. The case illustrates the risks associated with the use of purine analogue drugs, as well as the value of quantitative CMV PCR assays for monitoring CMV infection in immunocompromised patients. 相似文献