Association between well-known histopathological criteria and overall survival in invasive ductal carcinoma

We investigated the effect of clinical features and well-known histomorphological parameters on survival of breast cancer. Material and methods: 44 patients with invasive ductal carcinoma were included in this study. We investigated the effect of age, breast cancer location (right/left), histological grade, largest diameter of the tumor, lymphovascular and perineural invasion on patient survival. IBM SPSS (Statistical Package for Social Sciences) 20 program was used for statistics. Cox proportional hazard regression model for survival analysis, log-log plot, life function graphs were used. Results were 95% confidence interval, significance (P < 0.05). Results: In univariate analysis, the left breast localization, high histological grade, large tumor size, lymphovascular invasion, perineural invasion has been shown that reduced the overall survival (P < 0.05). In multivariate analysis, only high histological grade, large tumor size and perineural invasion were identified as parameters negatively associated with patient survival (P < 0.05). On univariate and multivariate analysis, age was not associated with survival. Conclusion: The above results should be considered in the follow-up and treatment planning of invasive ductal carcinoma patients.     

Woven right coronary artery: A rare coronary anomaly

Woven coronary artery is an extremely rare anomaly in which epicardial coronary arteries divided into thin tunnel-like channels. WCA is thought to be a benign condition, however, it was associated with myocardial infarction and ischemia in some case reports. We present a 61-year-old male patient with woven right coronary artery.     

Evaluation of 37,438 consecutive cervical smear results in the Turkish population

Introduction

Retrospective evaluation of cervical smear results of women who attended our gynecology policlinics with various symptoms and discussion of the results in the light of the literature.

Material and methods

We performed a retrospective investigation on 37,438 Pap smear results of women who attended our hospital between January 2011 and December 2012 with a variety of symptoms.

Results

Average patient age was 43 (18–83) years. Of the Pap smear results analyzed, in 21,503 (57.4%) findings were within normal limits, while 153 (0.41%) showed epithelial cell abnormalities and 15,358 (41%) showed inflammation. Four hundred and twenty-four (1.1%) cases were reported to have inadequate Pap smear samples for evaluation. Of the epithelial cell abnormalities, 136 (88.8%) were squamous cell abnormalities and 17 (11.1%) were glandular cell abnormalities. Atypical squamous cells of unknown significance (ASCUS) were reported for 117 (0.3%) Pap smears, while other epithelial abnormalities included atypical glandular cells of unknown significance (AGUS) in 17 (0.05%) cases, low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (LSIL) in 8 (0.02%) cases, atypical squamous cells with possible high grade lesion (ASC-H) in 8 (0.02%) cases and high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (HSIL) in 3 (0.008%) cases.

Conclusions

Public awareness should be raised on the importance of Pap smear testing repeated at appropriate intervals in the prevention and early diagnosis of cervical cancer. Health education should become more widespread, and the importance of screening programs and regular check-ups should be emphasized more often on this issue in the media.     

Comparison of risk factors for cardiovascular disease in hemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis patients

OBJECTIVE:

In this study, we aimed to compare the cardiovascular risk factors that might be associated with inflammation, atherosclerosis and metabolic syndrome between hemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis patients.

METHODS:

Fifty hemodialysis and 50 peritoneal dialysis patients who had been receiving dialysis therapy for at least one year were included in the study. Venous blood samples were taken after 12 hours of fasting, and serum glucose, triglyceride, low-density lipoprotein (LDL)-cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein (HDL)-cholesterol, C-reactive protein, fibrinogen and homocysteine levels were measured. The presence of atherosclerotic plaques in the carotid artery was evaluated by carotid Doppler ultrasound. These data were analyzed by Student''s t test, the chi-square test and the Mann-Whitney U test, as appropriate.

RESULTS:

No difference was found between the hemodialysis (n=50) and peritoneal dialysis (n=50) patient groups regarding mean age, gender distribution, body mass index or dialysis duration (p=0.269, 0.683, 0.426, and 0.052, respectively). LDL-cholesterol, fibrinogen and homocysteine levels were significantly higher in peritoneal dialysis patients (p=0.006, 0.001, and 0.002, respectively). In patients with diabetes mellitus (n=17) who were undergoing renal replacement therapy, LDL-cholesterol and fibrinogen levels were significantly higher than in patients without diabetes mellitus who were undergoing renal replacement therapy (p=0.001 and 0.004, respectively).

CONCLUSION:

In our study, cardiovascular risk factors (especially LDL-cholesterol) were more frequent in peritoneal dialysis patients than in hemodialysis patients.     

Perioperative medical management of antiphospholipid syndrome: hospital for special surgery experience, review of literature, and recommendations

Patients with antiphospholipid syndrome (APS), who are predisposed to vascular thrombotic events, are at additional risk for thrombosis when they undergo surgery. Serious perioperative complications (recurrent thrombosis, catastrophic exacerbation, or bleeding) occur despite prophylaxis. We describe our perioperative experience with APS patients who underwent a variety of surgeries, review the literature, and discuss strategies that may guide other physicians in their perioperative evaluation and management of patients with APS. Recommendations: perioperative strategies should be clearly identified before surgical procedure; pharmacological and physical antithrombosis interventions vigorously employed; periods without anticoagulation kept to a minimum; and any deviation from a normal course should be considered a potential disease related event.