Salivary IgG subclasses in individuals with and without homozygous IGHG gene deletions

In this study, the levels of salivary IgG1, IgG2, IgG3 and IgG4 from individuals with and without homozygous immunoglobulin heavy chain constant gene deletions were quantified by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). To analyse the restriction of salivary IgG subclasses, we used unstimulated whole saliva and sera collected at the same time from individuals with homozygous gene deletions, two with G1 deletion, one with G4 deletion, six with both G2 and G4 deletions and from eight individuals without IGHG gene deletions and expressing all four IgG subclasses. The median values of salivary IgG from individuals with homozygous G1, or G4, or both G2 and G4 deletions, and from individuals expressing all four subclasses were 24.2 mg/l and 23.4 mg/l, respectively. The median values of serum IgG were 13.7 g/l and 15.9 g/l, respectively. Our results show that the salivary and serum IgG levels were both within the normal range in individuals with homozygous gene deletions of either G1, or G4, or both G2 and G4.     

Glutathione and superoxide dismutase redox enzyme system during development of toxicoinfectious shock caused by murine plague toxin

Laboratory of Molecular Mechanisms of Infection, Central Research Institute of Epidemiology, Ministry of Health of the USSR, Moscow. (Presented by Academician of the Academy of Medical Sciences of the USSR V. I. Pokrovskii.) Translated from Byulleten' Éksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 109, No. 2, pp. 156–158, February, 1990.     

Effect of lethalBacillus anthracis toxin on phagocytosis and dynamics of enzyme activity of the antioxidative system of peritoneal mononuclear phagocytes of mice differing in inborn immunity to anthrax

Central Research Institute of Epidemiology, Ministry of Health of the USSR, Moscow. (Presented by Academician of the Academy of Medical Sciences of the USSR V. I. Pokrovskii) Translated from Byulleten' Éksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 107, No. 3, pp. 288–291, March, 1989.     

Upper gastrointestinal endoscopy findings in Mbale Regional Referral Hospital,Eastern Uganda: a 10-year retrospective analysis

BackgroundEndoscopy is required for formal diagnosis of many upper gastrointestinal (UGI) conditions including oesophageal cancer (OC). There is a paucity of data on endoscopy findings in East Africa as access to testing is challenging for patients. We describe the findings of 10 years of UGI endoscopy in Mbale Regional Referral Hospital (MRRH).MethodRecords of patients that underwent UGI endoscopy in MRRH, November 2009 – March 2019 were retrospectively analysed. Indication, macroscopic findings, histology and patient demographics were retrieved. Sub-group analyses were performed on those with a histological diagnosis of oesophageal cancer.Results833 eligible patients received single UGI procedures during the study period. Mean age was 54.8 years, range 16-93 years and 56.9% of patients were male. The main indication was dysphagia (42%) and the most common findings OC (34%) and gastritis (28%). 151 patients had histologically proven OC with a median age of 60 years and a 2:1 male to female ratio. 145/151 (96%) of samples tested revealed squamous cell carcinoma (SCC).ConclusionThose undergoing endoscopy in MRRH are most commonly male patients presenting in their 5th decade with dysphagia. There is a high proportion of significant findings including gastritis, peptic ulcer disease, and oesophageal cancer.     

The algorith of preoperative cardiovascular therapy in high risk elderly oncology patients

The study was based on 478 oncology patients (72.1 +/- 3.6 years old) with cardiovascular comorbidities operated from 1991 to 2008 in regards of abdominal and pelvic mainly 3rd stage tumors with multimodal general anesthesia (4.2 +/- 1.6 hours). In prospective group (n = 302) all patients received cardiovascular treatment, while in retrospective group (n = 176) only 48.9% received it. The evaluation of the cardiovascular therapy effect was based on the peri-operative and postoperative HR and BP dynamics. The occurrance of noticeable bradycardia and drop of BP lower than 90/60 mm Hg was considered as a deviation. It is revealed that the cardiovascular therapy with beta adrenoblockers and calcium antagonists leads to an intraoperative bradycardia in 59.8% and 73.7% of cases, while in patients without the aforementioned therapy in 26.6% and 46.4% of cases respectively (p < 0.05). Antiarrhythmics don't have a noticeable impact on the development of bradycardia (p = 0.204). Intraoperative hypotension on the basis of ATP inhibitor treatment developed in 92.2% of patients statistically significant (p < 0.01). Monotherapy with calcium antagonists or nitrates leads to the development of hypotension in 55.2% and 41.4% of cases respectively, though in patients without the given therapy a lot more often (p < 0.05). In the case of combined calcium antagonist/nitrate therapy hypotension develops in 55.5% of cases, and in 72.3% without the therapy (p < 0.05). For the means of prevention of cardiovascular complications during the surgical treatment it is appropriate to keep the therapy with nitrates, though vasodilatives should be canceled 12 hours before the surgery.     

Upregulation of hyaluronan and its binding receptors in an experimental model of chronic cyclosporine nephropathy

Aim: Hyaluronan (HA) is an important extracellular matrix (ECM) proteoglycan. The localization of HA and its binding receptors, CD44 and LYVE‐1, was evaluated in an experimental model of chronic cyclosporine A (CsA)‐induced nephropathy. Methods: Sprague–Dawley rats maintained on a low‐salt diet (0.05% sodium) received an s.c. injection of vehicle (1 mL/kg per day olive oil; VH groups) or CsA (15 mg/kg per day; CsA groups) for 1 or 4 weeks. Induction of chronic CsA nephropathy was evaluated according to renal function and pathology and expression of HA, CD44, LYVE‐1, ED‐1 and α‐smooth muscle actin (α‐SMA). Results: CsA treatment for 4 weeks caused renal dysfunction, which was accompanied by typical striped interstitial fibrosis. In the VH group, HA immunoreactivity was observed only in the inner medulla. However, the area of HA immunoreactivity increased with the duration of CsA treatment: CsA treatment for 1 week extended HA immunoreactivity to the outer medulla, and CsA treatment for 4 weeks caused a further extension of HA immunoreactivity to the cortex, which was vulnerable to CsA‐induced renal injury. HA binding receptor, CD44 and LYVE‐1 expression were also upregulated in the CsA groups, and were localized to the area of fibrosis and the peritubular capillaries of the cortex. In the CsA groups, ED‐1 and α‐SMA were predominantly expressed in fibrotic areas in which HA had accumulated. Conclusion: These findings suggest that upregulation of HA and its binding receptors are involved in interstitial fibrosis in chronic CsA‐induced renal injury.     

RNAi抑制PI3Kp85α蛋白活性对人乳腺癌细胞系MCF-7生长抑制的体外研究

目的:探讨敲低PI3Kp85α表达对人乳腺癌细胞系MCF-7细胞生长的影响和机制.方法:用靶向PI3Kp85α的siRNA转染人乳腺癌细胞系MCF-7,使用Real-time PCR法鉴定转染PI3Kp85α表达水平;MTT法评价PI3Kp85α siRNA对乳腺癌细胞系MCF-7生长的影响;流式细胞术检测转染后细胞周期分布和凋亡;采用免疫荧光染色及Western blot方法观察IA型PI3K/AKT通路主要成员的表达.结果:Real-timePCR结果显示PI3Kp85α siR-NA转染导致PI3Kp85α表达下调;MTT结果显示PI3Kp85α siRNA转染抑制肿瘤细胞生长;流式细胞术检测可见PI3Kp85α siRNA转染组细胞周期存在G_0/G_1期阻滞而且凋亡率显著高于对照组与空载体组(F=19.255,P=0.002).结论:应用PI3Kp85α siRNA转染人乳腺癌细胞系MCF-7细胞,可抑制其增殖和诱导细胞凋亡,因此PI3Kp85α可以作为人乳腺癌基因治疗的候选靶点.