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991.
Satish Kumar R.M. Gupta Sourav Sen R.S. Sarkar J. Philip Atul Kotwal SM S.H. Sumathi 《Medical Journal Armed Forces India》2013
Background
Human parvovirus B19 is an emerging transfusion transmitted infection. Although parvovirus B19 infection is connected with severe complications in some recipients, donor screening is not yet mandatory. To reduce the risk of contamination, plasma-pool screening and exclusion of highly viraemic donations are recommended. In this study the prevalence of parvovirus B19 in healthy blood donors was detected by ELISA.Methods
A total of 1633 samples were screened for IgM and IgG antibodies against parvovirus B19 by ELISA. The initial 540 samples were screened for both IgM and IgG class antibodies and remaining 1093 samples were screened for only IgM class antibodies by ELISA.Results
Net prevalence of IgM antibodies to human parvovirus B19 in our study was 7.53% and prevalence of IgG antibodies was 27.96%. Dual positivity (IgG and IgM) was 2.40%.Conclusion
The seroprevalence of human parvovirus B19 among blood donor population in our study is high, and poses an adverse transfusion risk especially in high-risk group of patients who have no detectable antibodies to B19. Studies with large sample size are needed to validate these results. 相似文献992.
Afreen Ayub Ashish Goyal Anupam Kotwal Aniket Kulkarni Atul Kotwal SM Air Cmde Ajoy Mahen 《Medical Journal Armed Forces India》2013
Background
Compliance and implementation of infection control guidelines have been recognized as efficient means to prevent and control hospital acquired infections.Objectives
To evaluate knowledge and practices about infection control guidelines amongst medical students and to explore their education needs as perceived by them and faculty.Methods
A total of 160 final year students and 100 faculty members of one of the top medical colleges in India were selected by simple random sampling in each group as per sample size of 143 students (alpha 0.05, error 7%, prevalence 60%) and 99 (error 7.5%) faculty. Data collected by pilot-tested, unlinked, anonymous questionnaire.Results
Amongst students, knowledge (77.50%; 95% CI, 70.24–83.72) was mixed with misconceptions. Only 31.25% always followed hand hygiene procedure; 50% recapped needles; disposal of hazardous material into designated containers always was low (sharps 20%, contaminated items 25%). Despite experiencing needle stick injury (6.25%) and splashes (40%), less than 30% reported these as 44% were unaware of reporting procedure. The discord between the perceptions of faculty regarding students and students' own perceptions was clearly evident (all Kappa values less than 0.50). Students and faculty agreed on workshops (58.13% and 58%) and reinforcement by colleagues (51% and 54%) but not on on-job training (51% and 34%) and part of curriculum (48% and 40%) for teaching–learning infection control.Conclusion
Tackling disconnect between students and faculty perceptions and empowering students with knowledge and skills in infection control is important. Approach needs to be researched and formulated as current methods seem to be inadequate. 相似文献993.
Fooladi AA Imani Islamieh D Iman Doust R Hosseini A Karami SM Marashi 《Asian Pacific journal of tropical medicine》2013,6(2):115-118
ObjectiveTo study virulence and regulatory genes (hlyA, ctxB, tcpI) in clinical strains of Vibrio cholerae (V. cholerae), simultaneously.MethodsThree important genes, tcpI, hlyA and ctxB were used for detection of toxigenic and pathogenic V. cholera by chain reaction assay method.ResultsAccording to the results of the PCR, the incidence of hlyA, tcpI, and ctxB genes in clinical isolates was obtained as 94.7% (72 sample), 90.8% (69 sample), and 92.1% (70 sample), respectively. Five strains possessed all genes except ctxB, six strains possessed all genes except tcpI, four strains possessed all genes except hlyA, one strain possessed only hlyA and 60 strains contained a combination of three genes, Including hlyA, ctxB and tcpI.ConclusionsResult show that this method could be reliable to detect toxigenic-pathogenic strains of V. cholerae in Iran. 相似文献
994.
995.
Oral Diseases (2010) 16 , 674–685 Objectives: Tooth extraction has been identified as an important risk factor for bisphosphonate‐induced osteonecrosis of the jaw. Therefore, the main goal of this study was to determine the effects of alendronate on healing of the extraction socket and on interdental alveolar bone after tooth extraction in rats. Materials and methods: Animals were injected subcutaneously with vehicle or alendronate for 3–4 weeks before the first mandibular molar was extracted and these treatments were continued during post‐extraction periods of 10, 21, 35 and 70 days. Mandibles were processed to evaluate healing of the extraction socket and adjacent alveolar bone by assessing bone formation, bone resorption and vascularity by histomorphometric techniques. Results: Alendronate decreased new woven bone formation, blood vessel area, perimeter and number in the extraction socket at 10 days postextraction, but not at later time points. Furthermore, alendronate‐treated rats had increased interdental alveolar bone volume and height only at 10 days postextraction. In addition, a 2.5‐fold increase in the percentage of empty osteocyte lacunae was found in alveolar bone of alendronate‐treated rats only at 10 days postextraction. Conclusions: Alendronate transiently decreases bone formation and vascularity in the extraction socket and delays the removal of interdental alveolar bone after tooth extraction in rats. 相似文献
996.
Kathryn L Nash Tracy Woodall Ashley SM Brown Susan E Davies Graeme JM Alexander 《World journal of gastroenterology : WJG》2010,16(32):4061-4065
AIM:To investigate and characterise patients with chronic hepatitis C virus(HCV) infection presenting with hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC) in the absence of cirrhosis.METHODS:Patients with chronic hepatitis C infection without cirrhosis presenting with HCC over a 2-year period were identified.The clinical case notes,blood test results and histological specimens were reviewed to identify whether additional risk factors for the development of HCC were present.RESULTS:Six patients(five male,one female) with chro... 相似文献
997.
BS Ashok Kumar K Lakshman KN Jayaveera C Vel Murgan PA Arun Kumar R Vinod Kumar Hegade Meghda SM Sridhar 《Asian Pacific journal of tropical medicine》2010,3(7):527-530
ObjectiveTo investigate the analgesic activity of methanolic extract of Amaranthus viridis (A. viridis), Amaranthus caudatus (A. caudatus) and Amaranthus spinosus (A. spinosus).MethodsIn this study, the analgesic activity of methanol extracts of all three plants at doses of 200 and 400 mg/kg were investigated by acetic acid-induced writhings test, hot plate test and tail immersion test for mice.ResultsIt was found that all the three plants showed significant pain management effect (P<0.01) at a dose of 400 mg/kg, but showed a less significant effect at a dose of 20 mg/kg in the entire tests used for evaluation of analgesic activities (P<0.05).ConclusionsMethanol extracts of A. viridis, A. caudatus and A. spinosus show potent analgesic activities, and this study provides the scientific proof for their traditional claims. 相似文献
998.
Olivier F. Bertrand Éric Larose DVM MD Josep Rodés-Cabau MD Stéphane Rinfret MD SM Jean-Pierre Déry MD MSc Rodrigo Bagur MD Onil Gleeton MD Can M. Nguyen MD Guy Proulx MD Robert De Larochellière MD Paul Poirier MD PhD Olivier Costerousse PhD Louis Roy MD 《The American journal of cardiology》2010,106(2):155-161
999.
Pera A; Seevers RH; Meyer K; Hall C; Bekerman C; Anderson TM; Katzen H; Laakso L; Pinsky SM 《Radiology》1985,156(3):783-786
We developed and evaluated a new procedure for imaging gastric ulcer disease with technetium 99m-labeled sucralfate. The new method employs direct in vivo labeling of sucralfate instead of in vitro labeling using human serum albumin, as previously reported in the literature. Tests using hydrochloric acid and a rabbit ulcer model showed the efficacy of the direct in vivo labeling technique and the ability of the tagged material to bind to ulcers, respectively. In 26 studies using humans with sucralfate labeled directly in vivo, 15 gave true-negative results and 11 gave true-positive results. Of 14 studies using humans with in vitro labeled sucralfate, three gave true-negative results, three gave true-positive results, and the results of eight were either false-negative or could not be interpreted because of high levels of activity remaining in the stomach. We suggest that the direct in vivo labeling method significantly improves the sucralfate gastric ulcer imaging technique. 相似文献
1000.
Renal lymphoma: radiologic-pathologic correlation of 21 cases 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2