The function of neutrophils in dermatoses]

A total of 102 patients were examined, 32 of these with true eczema, 38 with exudative mycosis of the soles, and 32 with eczema etiologically related to a fungal infection. Analysis of the immune and biochemical reactions in the examinees has shown a marked reduction of adenyl nucleotides in the leukocytic suspension and neutrophils of patients with a mycotic infection as against those with true eczema. The lowest creatine phosphate levels were detected in the leukocytic suspension and neutrophils of the patients suffering from eczema etiologically related to mycosis and exudative mycosis of the soles. These results give grounds to search for effective corrective therapy.     

Intravenous kalipsol anesthesia in emergency otorhinolaryngology

This paper discusses the application of intravenous Kalipsol anesthesia in combination with Seduxen (Relanium) in 22 patients who underwent antro-mastoidectomy (expanded) and fronto-ethmoidectomy. No complications related to the method of anesthesia were identified. It is concluded that the use of Kalipsol anesthesia in urgent ENT operations provides better surgical intervention. This method ensures adequate analgesia during operation.     

Effect of desympathization on repair of the resected thyroid gland in adult rats

Department of Biology, Izhevsk Medical Institute. (Presented by Academician of the Academy of Medical Sciences of the USSR D. S. Sarkisov.) Translated from Byulleten' Éksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 107, No. 3, pp. 353–356, March, 1989.     

A study of relation between hopelessness and causal attribution in school-aged children

This study was conducted to investigate the relation between hopelessness and causal attribution in Japanese school-aged children. In Study 1, the Japanese edition of hopelessness scale for children developed by Kazdin, French, Unis, Esveldt-Dawsan, and Sherick (1983) was constructed. Seventeen original items were translated into Japanese and they were administrated to 405 fifth- and sixth-graders. All of the items could be included to the Japanese edition of hopelessness scale. The reliability and validity was examined. In Study 2, the relation between hopelessness and causal attribution in children were investigated. The causal attribution questionnaire developed by Higuchi, Kambare, and Otsuka (1983) and the hopelessness scale developed by Study 1 were administered to 188 sixth-graders. Children with high scores in hopelessness scale significantly attributed negative events to much more effort factor than children with low scores. It supports neither the reformulated learned helplessness model nor the causal attribution theory of achievement motivation. It was explained mainly from points of self-serving attribution, cultural difference, and social desirability. Some questions were discussed for developing studies on depression and causal attribution in Japan.     

A simplified method of counting microorganisms in studying human autoflora

Formulae for the calculation of the count of microorganisms isolated from natural bacterial biocenoses of a child's body have been derived. The authors suggest a variant of simplified drip method for the computation of microorganism colonies in solid media. The described method helps cut down the nutrient media consumption at least 3-fold and is time-saving.     

Lack of effect of aspartame or of L-phenylalanine on photically induced myoclonus in the baboon, Papio papio

The effects of large doses of L-phenylalanine and of aspartame on seizure susceptibility and severity have been assessed in baboons Papio papio from Senegal which show photosensitive epileptic responses similar to primary generalised epilepsy in man. L-Phenylalanine, 50, 150 or 450 mg/kg, or aspartame, 300 or 1000 mg/kg, were administered orally. Peak plasma L-phenylalanine concentrations of approximately 2000 mumoles/l occurred 1-4 h after the highest dose of L-phenylalanine or aspartame. The plasma L-phenylalanine to large neutral amino acid ratio increased approximately 30-fold at this time. Compared with water administration there were no changes in epileptic responses 1-5 h after either treatment. In this primate model of epilepsy acute increases in plasma phenylalanine concentration are neither pro- nor anticonvulsant.     

Wall-thickness and midwall-radius variations in ventricular mechanics.

A fluid-fiber-collagen stress tensor is used to describe the rheology of the left ventricle of the heart. Linear theory is used to find the equilibrium solutions for the end-diastolic and end-systolic states of general axisymmetric shapes that are small perturbations of a thick-walled finite cylinder. The general problem can be studied by superposing the effects of variable midwall radius but constant wall thickness with those of variable wall thickness but constant midwall radius. A Fourier series representation is used to describe the midwall radius and thickness functions. Numerical calculations are performed to determine the deformed geometry and spatial distributions of tissue pressure, stresses, and fiber strains. The calculations proved to be highly accurate when compared to an analytical solution obtained for the special case of no fibers. The results show significant longitudinal differences when compared to results for the cylindrical geometry, with more sensitivity to variation in wall thickness than to variation in midwall radius.     

Reassessment of enkephalin (ENK)-containing afferents to the rat lateral septum with reference to the fine structures of septal ENK fibers

Using a combination of horseradish peroxidase (HRP) histochemistry and immuno-beta-galactosidase staining, and pre-embedding immuno-electron microscopy, the present study was intended to re-examine the origins of enkephalin-like immunoreactivity (ENKI) in the rat lateral septum (LS), and to show the fine structures of septal ENKI fibers. Following HRP injection into the LS, double-labeled cells which contained a homogeneous blue reaction product of ENKI and a black or brown granular reaction product of retrogradely transported HRP were identified in 4 discrete brain regions: perifornical hypothalamic area at the level of the paraventricular nucleus (PeF); posterior part of the anterior hypothalamic nucleus (AHP); bed nucleus of the stria terminalis, medial division, posterolateral part (BSTMPL); and dorsal hypothalamic area (DA). Immuno-electron micrographs demonstrated that some of the ENKI terminals in the LS form synapses with the soma and dendrites of septal neurons devoid of ENKI, though ENKI dendrites postsynaptic to non-immunoreactive terminals were also seen in the LS. These findings suggest that a large proportion of septal ENKI fibers have their origins in the above regions (PeF, AHP, BSTMPL, DA) different from the previously considered one, and they further provide a morphological basis for the postsynaptic inhibitory effects of enkephalins on septal neurons.