热应激通过激活NLRP3/IL-1β/IL-6途径介导肝脏炎症损伤效应

目的 探究热应激致肝炎症损伤的分子机制.方法 雌性SD大鼠随机分为对照组和热应激组,38℃暴露建立热应激动物模型,每天暴露2 h,连续3 d,分离肝组织;体外培养的L-02细胞分为对照组、热应激组、热应激+二甲基亚砜(DMSO)组及热应激+白藜芦醇组(100μmol/L),采用5％CO2,41℃暴露建立热应激细胞模型,...     

The Potential Roles of Dietary Anthocyanins in Inhibiting Vascular Endothelial Cell Senescence and Preventing Cardiovascular Diseases

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a group of diseases affecting the heart and blood vessels and is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Increasingly more evidence has shown that the senescence of vascular endothelial cells is the key to endothelial dysfunction and cardiovascular diseases. Anthocyanin is a type of water-soluble polyphenol pigment and secondary metabolite of plant-based food widely existing in fruits and vegetables. The gut microbiome is involved in the metabolism of anthocyanins and mediates the biological activities of anthocyanins and their metabolites, while anthocyanins also regulate the growth of specific bacteria in the microbiota and promote the proliferation of healthy anaerobic flora. Accumulating studies have shown that anthocyanins have antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-aging effects. Many animal and in vitro experiments have also proven that anthocyanins have protective effects on cardiovascular-disease-related dysfunction. However, the molecular mechanism of anthocyanin in eliminating aging endothelial cells and preventing cardiovascular diseases is very complex and is not fully understood. In this systematic review, we summarize the metabolism and activities of anthocyanins, as well as their effects on scavenging senescent cells and cardioprotection.     

First-Principles Study on the Adsorption Behavior of O2 on the Surface of Plutonium Gallium System

To deeply understand the adsorption process of oxygen on the surface of a plutonium gallium system and to reveal the chemical reaction mechanism at the initial stage of oxidative corrosion on the surface of plutonium gallium alloy at a theoretical level, the adsorption behavior of oxygen molecules on the surface of a plutonium gallium system was investigated by a first-principles approach based on density flooding theory. The results show that the molecular bond length increases and finally breaks when the surface oxygen molecule is adsorbed on the surface of plutonium gallium system and dissociates into two atomic states. The most likely adsorption position of oxygen molecules on the surface of plutonium gallium system is hole-site vertical adsorption with the adsorption energy size of 10.7 eV. The bonding between oxygen atom and surface is mainly due to the overlapping hybridization of Pu-6s, Pu-7s, Pu-6d, Ga-3d and O-2p orbitals. Oxygen molecules mainly interact with the atoms of the first layer on the surface of the plutonium gallium system. The oxygen atoms after stable adsorption are able to diffuse to the subsurface of the plutonium gallium system after overcoming the energy barrier of 16.7 eV and form a stable structure. The research results reveal the initial reaction process and adsorption law of oxygen on the surface of plutonium gallium system from microscopic level, which is helpful to further explore the surface corrosion prevention technology of plutonium gallium system and improve the reliability and safety of plutonium gallium alloy components.     

The effect of apolipoprotein E gene polymorphism and Lp(a) levels on coronary artery disease with atrial fibrillation

ObjectiveTo explore the influence of apolipoprotein E (APOE) genotypes and blood lipid metabolism on coronary artery disease (CAD) with atrial fibrillation (AF).MethodsPatients with suspected CAD were consecutively enrolled and divided into groups with or without CAD and/or AF. Blood lipid levels and APOE genotypes were determined and analysed for associations with CAD and AF.ResultsA total of 2048 patients were included (400 patients without CAD or AF [controls], 126 patients without CAD but with AF, 1294 patients with CAD without AF, and 228 patients with CAD and AF). Age and lipoprotein (a) (Lp[a]) levels were significantly higher in patients with CAD and AF versus those with CAD without AF. Among patients with CAD, the E3/E3 genotype and ε3 allele frequencies were significantly lower in patients with AF than in those without AF, and the E4/E4 genotype and ε4 allele frequencies were significantly increased. Multivariate logistic regression revealed that increased Lp(a) levels and age were independent risk factors for AF in patients with CAD.ConclusionAmong patients with CAD, those with AF had increased age, ε4 frequencies and Lp(a) levels. Age and Lp(a) levels may be independent risk factors for AF in patients with CAD.     

磷酸川芎嗪胶囊的人体生物等效性研究

目的:评价两种磷酸川芎嗪胶囊的生物等效性。方法:20名健康志愿者单剂量随机交叉口服两种磷酸川芎嗪胶囊100mg,采用HPLC法测定血浆中磷酸川芎嗪浓度;用DAS 2.0生物等效性软件计算主要药物动力学参数和生物等效性。结果:受试制剂和参比制荆其主要药动学参数t_(1/2)分别为(0.82±0.37)和(0.97±0.42)h;C_(max)分别为(2.12±0.62)和(1.96±0.52)mg·L~(-1),t_(max)分别为(0.33±0.09)和(0.36±0.10)h,AUC_(0-1)分别为(1.84±0.38)和(1.75±0.39)mg·h·L~(-1),AUC_(0-∞)分别为(1.86±0.40)和(1.78±0.39)mg·h·L~(-1),经方差分析和双单侧t检验,C_(max),t_(max),AUC_(0-1),AUC_(0-∞)均无统计学差异,受试制剂的相对生物利用度为105.5%。结论:两种磷酸川芎嗪胶囊在健康人体内具有生物等效性。     

大鼠卵巢组织冷冻复苏及自体异位移植研究

目的：探讨直接覆盖玻璃化冷冻(direct cover vitrification, DCV)在冷冻大鼠卵巢组织中的效果,并对自体异位移植后卵巢组织存活状况及内分泌情况进行分析。方法性成熟的 Wistar 大鼠50只随机分为 A、B、C、D 组, A 和 B 组各20只,C 和 D 组各5只。 A 组为新鲜卵巢组织移植;B 组卵巢组织经 DCV 冷冻保存2周复苏后移植;C 组为去势对照;D 组为假手术对照。自体异位移植6周后检测大鼠血清中雌二醇(E2)水平,计算卵泡密度,观察移植卵巢组织形态学及增殖细胞核抗原(proliferating cell nuclear antigen, PCNA)的表达情况。结果大鼠卵巢组织移植存活的卵巢组织周围可见血管供应,移植失败的卵巢组织呈纤维化状态,与周围组织血供不明显。 B 组卵巢组织移植存活率低于 A 组(P <0．05)。 B 组卵巢组织中卵泡密度均低于 A、D 组,且 A 组低于 D 组(P <0．05)。 A、B 组血清 E2水平高于 C 组,低于 D 组(P <0．05)。 A、B 组卵巢组织 PCNA 阳性率均低于 D 组,且 B 组低于 A 组(P <0．05)。结论大鼠卵巢组织经 DCV 法冻融自体异位移植后部分卵泡能存活并可恢复内分泌功能。     

mmp-14和CD34在青年乳腺癌演变过程中的表达及意义

目的：研究基质金属蛋白酶14（mmp-14）与CD34在≤35岁乳腺癌、乳腺良性肿瘤、乳腺增生症及乳腺癌旁组织患者中的表达及临床意义。方法采用免疫组织化学方法对30例乳腺癌、30例乳腺良性肿瘤、30例乳腺增生症及30例癌旁组织中乳腺终末导管及腺泡上皮细胞患者的mmp-14表达情况及CD34标记的间质血管数目进行检测。结果 mmp-14在4组导管及腺泡上皮细胞中的表达情况：乳腺癌组mmp-14高表达,与其他3组两两比较差异具统计学意义（P＜0.05）。CD34在4组中标记间质血管数目的情况：乳腺增生症组和乳腺癌组血管增生数目均高于良性肿瘤组,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。结论乳腺终末导管及腺泡上皮细胞mmp-14的高表达和CD34标记的间质血管数目增加与青年乳腺癌的演变过程密切相关,有望成为青年乳腺癌早期诊断和治疗可靠的临床指标。     

Stilbenes and oligostilbenes from leaf and stem of <Emphasis Type="Italic">Vitis amurensis</Emphasis> and their cytotoxic activity

Chromatographic separation of the EtOAc fraction from the leaf and stem of Vitis amurensis led to the isolation of six oligostilbenoids (i.e., r-2-viniferin (1), trans-amurensin B (2), trans-ɛ-viniferin (3), gnetin H (4), amurensin G (5), (+)-ampelopsin A (8)) and four stilbenoids (i.e., trans-resveratrol (6), (+)-ampelopsin F (7), piceatannol (9), and trans-piceid (10)). The structures have been identified on the basis of spectroscopic evidence and physicochemical properties. The isolates were investigated for cytotoxic activity against three cancer cell lines in vitro using the MTT assay method. Amurensin G (5) and trans-resveratrol (6) showed significant cytotoxic activity against L1210, K562 and HTC116 cancer cell lines with IC₅₀ values ranging from 15.7 ± 2.1 to 30.9 ± 1.8 μM. (+)-Ampelopsin A (8) and trans-piceid (10) exhibited considerable cytotoxic activity against L1210 (IC₅₀ values of 30.6 ± 4.1 and 28.7 ± 2.81 μM, respectively) and K562 (IC₅₀ values of 38.6 ± 0.82 and 24.6 ± 0.76 μM, respectively). Gnetin H (4) showed only weak cytotoxic activity against L1210 with an IC₅₀ value of 40.1 ± 4.23 μM. On the other hand, r-2-viniverin (1), trans-amurensin B (2), trans-ɛ-viniferin (3), (+)-ampelopsin F (7), and piceatannol (9) exhibited no activity on three cancer cell lines.     

黄芩素制备工艺研究

目的研究由黄芩苷制备黄芩素的最佳工艺。方法采用直接酸水解法和热裂解法相比较，以黄芩素的含量和得率为指标，对其制备工艺进行优化。结果热裂解方法中当温度超过200℃时，可以获得含量为94．47％以上的黄芩素，得率不高于41．64％，而直接酸水解方法获得黄芩素的含量为92．15％以上，且得率为66．03％以上。结论直接酸水解法制备黄芩素工艺简单可行，得率较高，实用性强。     

头孢哌酮 /三唑巴坦复方制剂的人体药代动力学研究

目的研究静脉滴注头孢哌酮/三唑巴坦复方制剂(800mg/200mg)与头孢哌酮(800mg)在健康志愿者中的药代动力学。方法10名健康志愿者分别随机交叉静脉滴注头孢哌酮/三唑巴坦复方制剂1600mg/400mg和对照药头孢哌酮1600mg,用反相高效液相色谱法分别测定头孢哌酮和三唑巴坦血药浓度和尿中的药物浓度,计算两药的药代动力学参数,比较复方制剂两组分有无药代动力学的相互作用。结果试验药和参比药中头孢哌酮的血药峰浓度Cmax分别为(181.52±39.94)、(176.21±32.66)mg/L;消除半衰期t1/2β分别为(2.23±0.67)、(2.28±0.61)h;药时曲线下面积AUC0.5-12分别为(351.96±54.53)、(336.31±54.93)mg·h/L,AUC0-12分别为(402.21±57.6)、(376.64±55.18)mg·h/L,AUC0-inf分别为(413.47±59.06)、(395.83±62.08)mg·h/L;24h尿药累积排泄百分率分别为(22.92±7.79)%、(21.00±7.33)%。三唑巴坦的峰浓度Cmax为(20.31±4.76)mg/L,药时曲线下面积AUC0.5-5为(12.96±2.40)mg·h/L,AUC0-5为(18.45±3.52)mg·h/L,AUC0-inf为(19.42±3.67)mg·h/L;消除半衰期t1/2β为(0.84±0.28)h;24h尿药累积排泄百分率为(60.56±19.37)%。结论两种制剂中,头孢哌酮的主要药代动力学参数Cmax、t1/2β及AUC经双单侧检验无显著性差异(P>0.05),三唑