带尺侧下副动脉尺神经松解前置术治疗肘管综合征

目的 总结带尺侧下副动脉尺神经松解前置术治疗肘管综合征的手术方法及临床效果.方法 2005年9月-2006年5月,采用保留尺侧下副动脉在尺神经上的吻合支,行带血供尺神经松解前置术治疗25例肘管综合征.男19例,女6例:年龄20～72岁,平均60岁.发病至手术时间2个月～3年,平均6.7个月.发病原因:骨性关节炎23例,肘管内囊肿及尺神经滑脱各1例.术前按Pasque肘管综合征评分系统评定:可19例,差6例.电生理检查:肘关节周围尺神经运动神经传导速度<42 m/s.结果 术后切口均1期愈合,无手术并发症及复发患者.25例术后均获随访,随访时间1年～2年半,平均13.9个月.按Pasque肘管综合征评分系统评定:优15例,良9例,可1例,优良率96%;与术前评定结果比较,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).电生理检查;肘关节周围尺神经运动神经传导速度>42m/s.结论 带尺侧下副动脉尺神经松解前置术是治疗肘管综合征的安全有效方法之一.     

应激性溃疡时幽门区局部一氧化氮含量变化对胆汁返流的影响及机理探讨

目的探讨胆汁返流与幽门区局部神经递质一氧化氮的变化对应激性溃疡发病的影响及可能的机理。方法采用冷束缚应激方法复制应激性溃疡的动物模型，将60只成年SD大鼠分为两部分，第1部分：对照组10只，溃疡组30只，用于观测影响应激性溃疡发生的相关因素；第2部分：左旋硝基精氨酸甲酯（L—NAME）预处理组10只（L—NAME组），生理盐水预处理组10只（生理盐水组），用于观测幽门区局部一氧化氮含量变化对其他因素的影响。分别检测各组胃内胆汁酸浓度、胃黏膜溃疡指数（Guth评分）以及胃内pH值，用生化试剂盒检测幽门区一氧化氮的含量。结果溃疡组应激结束后1h幽门区一氧化氮含量达到峰值（P〈0．01），应激结束后2h胃内胆汁酸浓度和pH值均达到峰值（P〈0．01），应激结束后4h胃内溃疡指数达到峰值（P〈0．01）。L-NAME组的胃内胆汁酸浓度、溃疡指数及一氧化氮含量较生理盐水组显著降低（P〈0．01，P〈0．05），而胃内pH值的差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。幽门区一氧化氮含量与胆汁酸浓度呈正相关（r=0．715，F=12．55，P=0．017）。结论幽门区一氧化氮含量变化与胆汁的返流量之间存在正相关关系，而L—NAME的幽门区局部干预使幽门区一氧化氮含量减少，幽门松弛程度降低，胆汁返流量也随之减少，进而降低溃疡指数，起到保护胃黏膜的作用。     

宫腔镜双极电切除子宫黏膜下肌瘤300例临床分析

目的评价应用双极电能治疗子宫黏膜下肌瘤的优势和安全性。方法应用官腔镜双极电切除子宫黏膜下肌瘤300例，其中0型212例，Ⅰ型54例，Ⅱ型34例。结果术中膨宫液总用量500～2000ml，平均626ml，手术时间20～50min，平均25min，术中出血量10—20ml。1例术中心脑综合征，经及时处理缓解。无一例因疼痛而中止手术。切除肌瘤直径3—5cm，平均3．8cm。1例术后病理为平滑肌肉瘤，术后10天行广泛全子宫切除及盆腔淋巴结清扫术。277例术后随访1—24个月，40例（Ⅰ型12例，Ⅱ型28例）需再次宫腔镜手术。结论宫腔镜下双极电治疗子宫黏膜下肌瘤具有安全、损伤小、恢复快、高效率等特点，宜于推广。     

Arthroscopic single-bundle reconstruction of posterior cruciate ligament with quadrupled hamstring tendon

Objective： To evaluate the technique and outcome of arthroscopic sipy, le-bundie reconstruction of posterior crudate ligament （PCL） with quadrupled hamstring tendon. Methods： From April 2001 to October 2004, 49 knees with PCL tears in 49 patients were verified with arthroscope in this department. Of them, 13 were combined with anterior cruciate ligament tears, 14 with disruptions of the posterolateral comer, 6 with ruptures of the posteromedial corner and medial collateral ligament, 9 with lateral meniscus tears, 5 with medial meniscus tears and 2 with popliteal vascular tears. All the damaged PCLs were reconstructed with single-bundie of autogenous quadrupled hamstring tendons under arthroscope. Biodegradable interference screws or blunt titanium interference screws were used for direct anatomic fixation of the reconstructed ligament. Results： After operation, no severe complications occurred at early stage in the 49 patients. All of them were followed up for 10-52 months with an average of 22. 0 months ＋ 10. 7 months. Lysholm score was remarkably improved from 30-60 （ mean： 47.96 ＋ 8. 16） preoperatively to 70-95 （ mean： 89. 08 ＋ 6. 10 ） at the last postoperative follow-up （ P 〈 0.01 ）. Furthermore, there was a significant improvement in International Knee Documentation Committee （IKDC） score from abnormal （ Grade C） in 10 knees and severely abnormal （Grade D ） in 39 preoperatively to normal （ Grade A ） in 20, nearly normal （ Grade B） in 24 and abnormal in 5 at the last follow-up. Of the 49 patients, 40 returned to the same activity level as before and 9 were under the level. Conclusions： Single-bundle reconstruction of PCL with quadrupled hamstring tendons has the advantage of minimal trauma in surgery and satisfactory outcome.     

中西医结合影像学前景辉煌

温家宝总理关于“实行中西医结合,发展传统医药学”的题词,表达了新一代党的领导集体坚持中西医结合方针的决心,并对中西医结合的地位和作用给出了科学的、客观的评价,再次确认了中西医结合是发展传统医药学的重要途径。中医学和现代医学是两个不同的医学体系,都蕴藏着诊疗疾病     

双侧唇裂继发鼻畸形的矫正

目的通过对双侧唇裂继发鼻畸形进行细致的病理解剖学分析，制定出具体的治疗目标，探讨矫正的有效手术方法。方法以双侧唇裂继发鼻畸形的病理解剖学为基础，将手术程序分为鼻小柱及鼻尖整形、鼻翼软骨的整形、鼻底的整形3个连续的步骤。结果自2000年以来应用上述方法手术矫正36例，其中畸形严重的双侧完全性唇裂术后患者22例，占61．6％。所有病例术后伤口均Ⅰ期愈合，鼻外形明显改善，无感染及皮瓣坏死等并发症发生。术后随访10～24个月，平均17个月，满意率高达100％。结论双侧唇裂继发鼻畸形具有其特有的病理解剖学特征，以解剖学特征基础制定具体手术方案，确保了最终疗效的满意率。     

同种异体半关节移植治疗股骨远端肿瘤

目的 对大段异体骨移植用于骨肿瘤保肢治疗及其相关问题进行分析讨论。方法采用大段异体骨修复骨肿瘤瘤段切除后骨缺损5例，术后X线及同位素骨扫描评定骨愈合，并评估其功能恢复情况。结果手术后3—6个月在X线片显示牢固的生物固定（坚强的外骨痂或已骨性连接）、^99mTc—MDP骨扫描图像显示异体骨早期代谢活跃，2年后逐渐恢复正常。结论 同种异体骨半关节移植治疗股骨远端肿瘤术后观察移植骨与自体骨愈合，关节功能重建方面到达良好表现。     

The common ultrasonographic features of pilomatricoma.

OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this series was to describe typical ultrasonographic features of 20 cases of pilomatricoma and to improve its diagnostic rate with the use of an ultrasonographic approach. METHODS: For 20 pilomatricomas in 19 patients with preoperative ultrasonography from 1995 to 2004, we reviewed age, sex, symptoms, duration, referring clinician, and tumor sites. The ultrasonographic findings were retrospectively analyzed for tumor location, shape, size, margin, echo texture, echogenicity, presence, amount, and shape of calcification, presence of a hypoechoic rim, and Doppler flow pattern. RESULTS: The mean age of the 19 patients was 6.9 years (range, 1-21 years), and the female-male ratio was 1.1:1. Patients had a painful palpable mass in 10 cases (50%). Nine lesions occurred in the neck, 5 in the cheek, 2 in the preauricular region, and 4 in the extremity. All tumors were located in the subcutaneous layer. The mean size of the tumors was 13.4 mm. Fourteen pilomatricomas (70%) appeared as well-defined oval masses. Tumors were heterogeneously hyperechoic in 80% of cases. All tumors had internal echogenic foci. A hypoechoic rim was seen in 17 cases (85%). Doppler flow signals were observed in the peripheral region in 14 cases (70%). A correct preoperative diagnosis was made in 33% on the basis of clinical findings and in 76% by ultrasonography. CONCLUSIONS: Diagnosis of pilomatricoma should be considered when a well-defined mass with inner echogenic foci and a peripheral hypoechoic rim or a completely echogenic mass with strong posterior acoustic shadowing in the subcutaneous layer of the head, neck, or extremity is found on ultrasonography.     

Treatment of severe subglottic laryngotracheal stenosis using hyoid graft with sternohyoid muscle flap]

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the possibility and reliability of the hyoid-sternohyoid graft transfer in the correction of server subglottic laryngotracheal stenosis, and delineate the operation skills and clinical results. METHODS: Seven patients with severe subglottic stenosis underwent laryngotracheal reconstruction using the hyoid grafts with sternohyoid muscle flaps (HG-SHMF). Five of these patients had traumatic subglottic stenosis, one with scar tissue of unknown etiology arising in the subglottic region, another with tracheal narrowing caused by inhalation of hydrochloric acid. RESULTS: All seven patients were successfully decannulated with moderate good voice. The average time from reconstruction to decannulation was 15.4 months. The stent was endoscopically removed with a range of 3 to 22 months; the mean time required for stenting was 9.6 months. Two patients who received additional salvage reconstruction procedures because of graft or stent displacement were extubated with improved voices and satisfactory airway. CONCLUSIONS: The HG-SHMF transfer was a single-stage reconstruction, relatively simple procedure that can restore an adequate airway and a good voice. Patients undergoing laryngotracheal reconstruction with HG-SHMF must have regular, long-term follow-up since graft displacement and recurrent granulation tissue or scar reformation can cause restenosis after an initially successful surgery. This procedure should be used in a large number of patients to further test its reliability.     

地震伤患者医院感染目标性监测

对某院收治的50名地震伤员进行医院感染目标性监测，有效地预防与控制医院感染的发生。通过分类安置伤员，专人目标监测，严格执行消毒隔离制度及手卫生、标准预防措施等，将医院感染发生率降至最低：仅1例重症挤压伤者发生医院感染，医院感染率为2．00％。