F344大鼠树突状细胞的分离与培养

目的　研究F344大鼠树突状细胞(DC)的分离与培养方法。方法　取大鼠四肢骨骨髓细胞悬液,经梯度离心法得到DC ,加入白细胞介素(IL) - 4、粒细胞巨噬细胞集落刺激因子(GM CSF) ,全RPMI 16 4 0培养,经倒置显微镜、电镜及流式细胞仪鉴定细胞纯度及成熟度。结果　细胞培养的第8天,经倒置显微镜、电镜观察DC出现典型形态;流式细胞仪检测第4天OX6 2阳性率为8 .92 %、主要组织相容性复合物(MHC) Ⅱ为2 0 . 90 %、CD86为16 98% ;第8天OX6 2阳性率为5 8. 0 7%、MHC Ⅱ为6 0 . 4 9%、CD86为6 2 . 94 % ;第15天OX6 2阳性率为84 . 6 8%、MHC Ⅱ为88 .0 3%、CD86为6 2 . 80 %。结论　用该方法得到的DC纯度可达80 %以上,为进一步研究其在肿瘤研究中的应用打下基础。     

大鼠实验性牙齿移动过程中骨形成蛋白2的表达和意义

目的探讨骨形成蛋白(BMP)超家族的成员BMP-2在大鼠正畸牙齿移动过程中牙周组织的分布和表达。方法用链霉亲和素生物素复合物(SABC)免疫组织化学法,检测实验性大鼠正畸牙齿移动过程中牙周组织BMP-2的表达。结果BMP-2在正畸牙齿加力各个时期存在特异的分布模式。正常牙周组织中主要分布于牙周膜,加力后张力区染色深,压力区为阴性。结论BMP-2参与了大鼠正畸牙齿移动骨改建过程,起非常重要的作用。     

适宜农村地区子宫颈癌筛查方法的研究

目的探索适合宫颈癌高发且经济欠发达地区子宫颈癌及其癌前病变的筛查方法,以最终降低子宫颈癌的发病率和死亡率。方法以山西省襄垣县下良乡35￣55岁的妇女作为对象,进行以人群为基础的宫颈癌筛查。对符合条件的妇女进行危险因素、癌症及子宫颈癌认知情况的问卷调查,用醋酸染色后肉眼观察(VIA)和碘染色后肉眼观察(VILI)进行宫颈检查,结果异常者进行阴道镜下活组织检查并得到最终的病理学诊断。将该次筛查对不同级别病变的检出率与历年来的襄垣地区的筛查结果进行比较。结果该次筛查人群参与率为74.8%。患宫颈糜烂和滴虫感染的妇女分别占受检人群的48.3%和14.8%。最终经活检病理确诊的CINⅠ的现患率为0.8%(10例)、CINⅡ0.7%(9例)、CINⅢ1.1%(13例)、子宫颈癌0.2%(3例)。该次单纯肉眼观察对CINⅡ和对≥CINⅢ病变的检出率略低于已往当地普查项目,但差别无统计学意义。结论在资源有限,经济不发达的农村地区,由经过培训的医生进行肉眼观察的宫颈癌筛查是可行的,单纯肉眼观察是一种经济有效的筛查方法,建议进一步在农村地区进行推广。     

2-哌啶乙醇的制备

4-哌啶乙醇(1)可用作医药中间体,在二氧化铂催化下,用4-吡啶乙醇(3)在冰乙酸中氢化还原可得到1,收率82%[1,2].也可用浓盐酸-乙醇(3:10)作溶剂,但收率仅67.6%[3].本研究用4-甲基吡啶(2)和甲醛在水中加热回流反应20h得到3[4],再在10%Pd-C催化下于冰乙酸中氢化还原得到1,收率91%(以3计).     

Comparison of supraspinatus tendon and glenohumeral joint axes in MR imaging of the shoulder

Objective. In magnetic resonance (MR) imaging of the shoulder, oblique coronal images are used for evaluating the supraspinatus tendon (SST) of patients with suspected rotator cuff tear or impingement. This study aimed to compare orientation of the SST long axis with planes perpendicular to the glenohumeral joint (GHJ). Design and patients. The axial scans of 100 consecutive patients referred for MR imaging or MR arthrography of the shoulder were reviewed. Using the electronic cursors of a computer workstation, the angle of the SST long axis was measured and compared with the angle obtained through the GHJ utilizing three different landmarks: perpendicular to the joint (GHJ-90), joint–humeral head center axis (GHJ-H) and joint–scapular body axis (GHJ-S). Results. Differences in angulation between axes of the SST and the three GHJ axes averaged only about 5° [range of means 4.5–5.3°, range of standard deviation (SD) 3.8–4.6°]. In the majority of shoulders, angular differences measured 4 or less for all SST/GHJ comparisons. Similarly, small angular differences in the three GHJ axes were found: 4.5° (SD 3.3°) for GHJ-90/GHJ-S, 5.0° (SD 4.0°) for GHJ-S/GHJ-H and 2.9° (SD 3.0°) for GHJ-90/GHJ-H. Correlation between the GHJ-90 and GHJ-H axes was particularly good, with differences of 4° or less in 84% of shoulders. The orientations of the GHJ axes and that of the SST long axis are comparable. Conclusion. The GHJ may potentially be used as a landmark for obtaining oblique coronal images of the SST. Received: 19 November 1999 Revision requested: 18 January 2000 Revision received: 27 March 2000 Accepted: 5 April 2000     

菟丝子中槲皮素药代动力学研究

目的建立菟丝子中槲皮素的含量测定方法,研究槲皮素体内动力学规律.方法建立快速敏感的高效液相色谱-紫外检测法(HPLC-UV),以卡马西平为内标,以菟丝子灌胃给药后,大鼠含药血清样品经液-液萃取后在C18反相色谱柱上进行分离测定.结果槲皮素血药浓度在0.05～9μg/mL浓度范围内线性关系良好(r=0.9998).方法回收率为86.65～99.07%,提取回收率为79.91～84.56%,最低检测限为0.05μg/mL.结论槲皮素在大鼠体内的动力学过程表现为具吸收的二室开放模型,其中t1/2(Ab)=0.13h,t1/2(α)=0.19h,t1/2(β)=1.22h,tmax=0.333h.实验结果可为菟丝子在临床用药的安全性和有效性提供依据.     

Cytoskeletal genes regulation by chronic morphine treatment in rat striatum.

It has been previously suggested that morphine can regulate the expression and function of some proteins of the cytoskeleton. In the present study, we used real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction to examine the effects of chronic morphine administration, in rat striatum, on 14 proteins involved in microtubule polymerization and stabilization, intracellular trafficking, and serving as markers of neuronal growth and degeneration. Chronic morphine treatment led to modulation of the mRNA level of seven of the 14 genes tested. Glial fibrillary acidic protein (Gfap) and activity-regulated cytoskeleton-associated protein (Arc) mRNA were upregulated, while growth associated protein (Gap43), clathrin heavy chain (Cltc), alpha-tubulin, Tau, and stathmin were downregulated. In order to determine if the regulation of an mRNA correlates with a modulation of the expression of the corresponding protein, immunoblot analyses were performed. With the exception of Gap43, the levels of Cltc, Gfap, Tau, stathmin, and alpha-tubulin proteins were found to be in good agreement with those from mRNA quantification. These results demonstrate that neuroadaptation to chronic morphine administration in rat striatum implies modifications of the expression pattern of several genes and proteins of the cytoskeleton and cytoskeleton-associated components.     

鲍氏不动杆菌耐药性和氨基糖苷类修饰酶、β-内酰胺酶基因研究

目的了解我国浙江湖州地区鲍氏不动杆菌(ABA)耐药性和氨基糖苷类修饰酶、β-内酰胺酶基因存在状况. 方法收集2000年7月～2002年12月分离自浙江湖州地区住院患者60株鲍氏不动杆菌进行耐药性和9种氨基糖苷类修饰酶基因、2种β-内酰胺酶基因检测. 结果该60株菌已呈多重耐药;49株检出氨基糖苷类修饰酶基因(81.7%);9种基因由高到低的检出率分别为:ant(3″)-Ⅰ(60.0%)、aac(6′)-Ⅰ(55.0%)、aac(3)-Ⅰ(51.7%)、ant(2″)-Ⅰ(20.0%)、aac(3)-Ⅳ(15.0%)、aac(3)-Ⅱ(11.7%)、aac(6′)-Ⅱ(10.0%)、aph(3′)-Ⅵ(3.3%)、aac(3)-Ⅲ(0);本研究ant(3″)-Ⅰ(AY551438)、aac(6′)-Ⅰ(AY536063)、aac(3)-Ⅰ(AY529103) 序列已登录GenBank;β内酰胺酶基因检出率分别为:TEM 100%、SHV 30.0%;本研究TEM-1(AY263331)、TEM-128(AY359287)、SHV-12(AY259163)、SHV-48(AY259164)、SHV-56(AY352599)序列已登录GenBank. 结论我国浙江湖州地区ABA菌已呈多重耐药;氨基糖苷类修饰酶基因、β内酰胺酶基因携带率较高.     

栀子酸调节胆汁淤积大鼠SHP-LRH-1信号通路的实验研究

目的：研究栀子酸(geniposidic acid,GPA)对α-萘异硫氰酸酯(α-naphthyl isothiocyanate,ANIT)诱导胆汁淤积 大鼠胆汁酸代谢小分子异源二聚体伴侣受体(small heterodimer partner,SHP)与肝受体同源物1(liver receptor homologue 1,LRH-1)信号通路的调节。方法：将50只SD大鼠随机分为5组,分别为空白组、ANIT组、ANIT+GPA 100 mg/kg组 (AG100组)、ANIT+GPA 50 mg/kg组(AG50组)、ANIT+GPA 25 mg/kg组(AG25组),每组10只,连续给药10 d,空白组和 ANIT组用生理盐水灌胃,ANIT+GPA各组给予GPA,给药的第8天,除空白组外,其余各组用ANIT(65 mg/kg)灌胃1 次造模,继续给药至第10天,测血清总胆固醇(total cholesterol,TC)、三酰甘油(triglyceride,TG)和总胆汁酸(total bile acids,TBA)的含量;分离并培养大鼠原代肝细胞(rat primary hepatocytes,RPH),将RPH分为空白组、40 μmol/L ANIT 组、40 μmol/L ANIT+GPA 4.00,1.00,0.25 mmol/L组(A4G,A1G和A0.25G组),real-time RT-PCR检测RPH中SHP和胆汁 酸合成关键酶胆固醇7α羟化酶(cytochrome P450 family 7 subfamily A member 1,CYP7a1) mRNA转录水平,蛋白印迹法检 测SHP和CYP7a1蛋白表达;沉默实验中,将RPH分为空白对照组、阴性转染组、siRNA-LRH-1组(ZR组)、siRNA-LRH- 1+GPA 4.00,1.00,0.25 mmol/L组(ZR4G、ZR1G、ZR0.25G组),检测SHP,CYP7a1和LRH-1蛋白和基因的表达;过表 达实验中,将RPH又分为空白对照组、阴性转染组(空白转染siRNA-阴性组)、LRH-1过表达组(LRH-1过表达质粒,OE 组)、LRH-1过表达质粒+GPA 4.00,1.00,0.25 mmol/L组(OE4G,OE1G,OE0.25G组),检测SHP,CYP7a1和LRH-1蛋 白和基因的表达。结果：在体实验中,与空白对照组比较,ANIT组的TC和TBA均显著升高(均P<0.01)、TG无差别; 与ANIT组比较,AG100组和AG50组的TC和TBA均显著降低(均P<0.01)。RPH实验中,与空白对照组比较,ANIT组中 SHP的蛋白和基因水平均显著降低(均P<0.01),CYP7a1的蛋白和基因水平均显著升高(均P<0.01);与ANIT组比较, A4G和A1G组的SHP基因和蛋白水平均显著升高(均P<0.01),A0.25G组SHP基因和蛋白水平均升高(P<0.05),A4G和A1G 组的CYP7a1基因和蛋白水平均显著降低(均P<0.01)。LRH-1沉默实验中,与阴性转染组比较,ZR组中CYP7a1和LRH-1 蛋白和基因均显著抑制(均P<0.01),SHP无变化;与ZR组比较,ZR4G,ZR1G和ZR0.25G组SHP基因和蛋白水平均显 著升高(均P<0.01),LRH-1和CYP7a1无显著变化。LRH-1过表达实验中,与阴性转染组比较,OE组的CYP7a1和LRH-1 蛋白和基因均显著抑制(均P<0.01),SHP无变化;与OE组比较,OE4G和OE1G组SHP基因和蛋白水平均显著升高(均 P<0.01),OE0.25G组SHP基因显著升高(P<0.05),LRH-1和CYP7a1无显著变化。结论：RPH中LRH-1的过表达能上调 CYP7a1的活性,GPA可以改善ANIT诱导的胆汁淤积大鼠的生物化学水平和肝脏病理,其机制可能与GPA激活大鼠 RPH中SHP造成LRH-1的消耗来降低CYP7a1的表达有关。     

JunD在浸润性乳腺癌分子亚型中的表达及意义

【目的】分析JunD在浸润性乳腺癌分子亚型及乳腺良性恶性病变中的表达差异及临床意义。【方法】采用免疫组织化学SP法检测JunD在160例浸润性乳腺癌组织、191例乳腺增生组织及20例正常乳腺组织中的表达情况,分析JunD在浸润性乳腺癌分子亚型及乳腺增生性病变中的的表达差异及临床意义。【结果】①与其他分子亚型相比较,JunD在浸润性乳腺癌TNBC亚型中的表达水平明显升高（P<0.05）,其他亚型之间两两比较差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。②JunD在乳腺癌组织中的表达水平明显低于乳腺增生组织及正常乳腺组织（P<0.01）。③JunD在乳腺癌组织中的高表达率与低组织学分级相关（P<0.01）,与肿物直径大小、年龄、淋巴结转移、ER、PR及临床分期无关（P>0.05）。【结论】JunD在浸润性乳腺癌TNBC亚型中显著高表达,有可能为TBNC亚型乳腺癌患者个性化靶向治疗提供一定方向;JunD在乳腺癌组织中的表达水平明显低于乳腺增生组织及正常乳腺组织,有利于乳腺良恶性病变的鉴别诊断。