大榭港区国际航行船舶卫生监督状况分析

目的了解大榭港区各类型国际航行船舶卫生状况,对大榭港区国际航行船舶进行卫生监督。方法对国际航行船舶饮用水、餐具进行检测,检查船舶受医学媒介生物侵害情况。结果 2007—2010年大榭港区卫生监督船舶总数1553艘次,携带媒介生物船舶292艘次,医学媒介生物阳性率为18.80%。船舶饮用水、餐具抽检合格率为68.6%、85.9%。饮用水、餐具合格率、媒介生物阳性率存在年度和船型差异。结论国际航行船舶仍存在一定的公共卫生风险,做好日常卫生监督,采取有效措施进行预防与控制。     

香洲口岸北提货运码头鼠形动物调查报告

目的 调查掌握香洲口岸北提货运码头鼠形动物种群特征及其体表寄生病媒昆虫种类和鼠间鼠疫、流行性出血热病原是否存在，评估香洲口岸鼠间鼠疫和流行性出血热的流行现状及其对人群的潜在危害。方法 从2001年6月至2002年5月对香洲口岸北提货运码头用鼠笼捕活鼠并收集其体表寄生病媒昆虫进行分类鉴定，同时采其血、肺进行实验室检测鼠疫抗体和流行性出血热抗原。结果 共捕获鼠形动物75只，经鉴定隶属2目2科5属6种，年平均密度为6．36％，优势种为褐家鼠占42．67％，其次为臭鼩鼱占40．00％，雄雌比值为1．33：1；鼠体表寄生病媒昆虫只有蚤和螨两类，总蚤指数为O．04，总螨指数为0.77；从捕获鼠形动物采到52份血、肺样本中，经检测鼠疫抗体、流行性出血热抗原均呈阴性。结论 鼠形动物密度和总螨指数较高，应加强防治工作；虽然今次调查表明本货运码头鼠间并无鼠疫、流行性出血热病原存在，但口岸鼠疫(F1)抗体、流行性出血热(HFRS)抗原监测工作仍不能忽视。     

乙型流感病毒分子检测中质量控制的研究

目的 优化乙型流感暴发监测中分子鉴定的实验条件。方法 分别以病毒RNA提取试剂盒手工提取和全自动核酸提取工作站提取江苏省暴发标本RNA,采用实时荧光定量RT—PCR检测看家基因核糖核酸酶P（RNaseP）和乙型流感核蛋白（B—NP）基因;分别以本实验室建立的RT—PCR扩增体系和进口商品化RT—PCR扩增体系,对乙型流感基质蛋白（B—M）基因进行检测。结果 看家基因RNaseP能有效监测采样和RNA纯化的有效性;手工提取RNA的效率高于自动提取;进口商品化RT—PCR体系的扩增M基因效果较好。结论 以手工法提取RNA,以real—timeRT—PCR检测B—NP基因和以进口商品化RT—PCR扩增体系检测B—M基因,能相对客观地反映病毒流行现状。     

RDW、NLR、D-二聚体联合检测对急性胰腺炎病情的预测价值

目的 探讨红细胞分布宽度(RDW)、中性粒细胞与淋巴细胞比值(NLR)、D-二聚体联合检测对急性胰腺炎(AP)病情的预测价值.方法 本研究纳入210例在消化内科确诊为AP的患者,126例为轻症组、42例为中度重症组、22例为重症组、20例为危重组,比较4组基本资料及相关参数,评估RDW、NLR、D-二聚体及联合检测对A...     

Application of Iron Tailings-Based Composite Supplementary Cementitious Materials (SCMs) in Green Concrete

How to treat the iron tailings of mining solid waste with high value is an urgent problem on a global scale. In recent years, the application of iron tailings in the building materials industry has attracted the attention of many scholars. The conversion of iron tailings into green building materials helps achieve carbon neutrality and high-value utilization of solid waste, and promotes sustainable development. Although iron tailings have been extensively studied as supplementary cementitious materials, the performance of concrete is not ideal due to its low activity. In this study, the hybrid supplementary cementitious materials system was prepared by iron tailings, phosphorus slag, and steel slag, and the effects of supplementary cementitious materials type, iron tailings content, iron tailings grinding time, and supplementary cementitious materials content on concrete performance were studied. The compressive properties, iron tailings properties, pore structure, interfacial transition zone, and element distribution of hydration products of concrete were tested by compressive strength tests, X-ray Diffractometer (XRD), X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS), Mercury Intrusion Porosimetry (MIP), Backscattering Electron Tests (BSE), and Energy Dispersive Spectrometer (EDS). The results show that further grinding improves the iron tailings activity. There is a synergistic mechanism between steel slag and phosphorus slag in the composite supplementary cementitious materials, which overcomes the low activity defect of iron tailings and produces concrete with a compressive strength exceeding 40 MPa. The composite supplementary cementitious materials can optimize the interfacial transition zone of the concrete interface and reduce the calcium–silicon ratio of the hydration products. However, it will deteriorate the pore structure of the concrete matrix, cause part of the concrete matrix to be damaged and lead to a loss of compressive strength, and the loss is acceptable. This work broadens the methods of comprehensive utilization of iron tailings and also provides a reference for a more detailed understanding of the properties of iron tailings-based concrete.     

Numerical Investigation of the Influence of Ultimate-Strength Heterogeneity on Crack Propagation and Fracture Toughness in Welded Joints

The mechanical properties of dissimilar metal-welded joint materials are heterogeneous, which is an obstacle to the safety evaluation of key welded structures. The variation of stress–strain conditions at the crack tip caused by mismatch of material mechanical properties in dissimilar metal-welded joints is an important factor affecting crack propagation behavior. To understand the influence of uneven distribution of ultimate strength of the base metal and the welded metal on the crack propagation path, fracture toughness, as well as the mechanical field at the crack tip in the small-scale yield range, the user-defined field variable subroutine method is used to express continuous variation characteristics of welded joint ultimate strength in finite element software. In addition, the J-integral during crack propagation is calculated, and the effect of the ultimate strength on the J-integral and the stress field at the crack tip are analyzed. The results show that as the crack propagation direction is perpendicular to the direction of ultimate strength, the gradient of ultimate strength increases from |G_y|= 50 to |G_y|= 100 MPa/mm, the crack deflection angle increases by 0.018%, and the crack length increases by 1.46%. The fracture toughness of the material decreased slightly during crack propagation. Under the condition that the crack propagation direction is the same as the direction of ultimate strength, the crack propagation path is a straight line. As the gradient of ultimate strength increases from G_x = 50 to G_x = 100 MPa/mm, the crack propagation length decreases by 5.17%, and the slope of fracture toughness curve increases by 51.63%. On the contrary, as the crack propagates to the low ultimate strength side, the crack propagation resistance decreases, the ultimate strength gradient increases from G_x = −100 to G_x = −50 MPa/mm, and the slope of the fracture toughness curve decreases by 51.01%. It is suggested to consider the relationship between crack growth behavior and ultimate strength when designing and evaluating the structural integrity of cracks at the material interface of dissimilar metal-welded joints.     

浙江省2013年2型糖尿病伤残调整寿命年分析

目的 定量估计浙江省人群2013年2型糖尿病的疾病负担。方法 使用2010年全球疾病负担研究(GBD 2010)方法,利用浙江省人群2型糖尿病发病率、患病率和死亡率数据,借助DISMODⅡ软件计算伤残调整寿命年(DALY)、伤残损失寿命年(YLD)和损失寿命年(YLL)。结果 2013年浙江省2型糖尿病每千人DALY值为5.36人年,女性(5.49人年)高于男性(5.24人年),城市(5.47人年)高于农村(5.42人年);DALY强度主要集中在老年组,其中以80～84岁人群最高(32.63人年/1 000人)。2型糖尿病主要引起伤残负担,YLL/YLD=0.62。结论 浙江省2型糖尿病平均YLL率高于全国水平。     

凋亡抑制剂zVAD对脑梗死小鼠外周血白细胞端粒长度的影响

目的探讨凋亡抑制剂z VAD对脑梗死小鼠外周血白细胞端粒长度的影响。方法将80只雄性C57BL/6小鼠,随机分为10组:即Model组(3组共24只)、z VAD组(3组共24只)、Sham组(3组共24只)和Control组(8只)。Model组与z VAD组均采用线栓法构建小鼠大脑中动脉栓塞模型,1 h后完成再灌注。再灌注后z VAD组立即腹腔注射浓度为2.3mmol/L的z VAD 10ml/kg进行干预。Sham组则暴露颈动脉后缝合皮肤进行假手术操作。Control组不进行任何操作。造模后,分别于不同时间点对各组小鼠进行改良神经功能损伤程度评分(m NSS),评分后立即取血,提取外周血基因组DNA,real-time PCR法检测相对端粒长度。Control组则选取再灌注后72 h时间点,进行同期同质的评分与测量。结果术后48 h和72 h,z VAD组的m NSS评分均明显低于相应的Model组,但仍高于相应的Sham组(P0.05)。术后72 h,z VAD组相对端粒长度明显长于Model组(P0.05),且基本与Sham组和Control组的长度持平(P0.05)。结论凋亡抑制剂z VAD可减缓脑梗死小鼠外周血白细胞端粒长度缩短,并对神经功能损伤起到一定的保护作用。     

基于MRI图像的自动勾画技术在宫颈癌放疗中的应用研究

目的:研究AccuLearning和AccuContour软件在宫颈癌患者MRI图像上进行模型构建和自动勾画的可行性和准确性.方法:随机选取某院放疗科的40例宫颈癌患者,并随机选取其中30例宫颈癌患者的MRI图像,在Accu-Learning中按照推荐参数进行模型训练、验证和测试,统计训练模型和测试病例的平均相似性系数...     

某饮料生产企业职业病危害因素识别和控制措施分析

目的确定饮料生产企业职业病危害因素特征,并对关键控制措施施进行分析评价。方法采用职业卫学调查、危害因素定量检测、职业健康检查等方法对该项目进行职业病危害因素识别和控制措施分析。结果该企业职业病危害因素有:噪声、化学毒物、粉尘和高温。粉尘(含其他粉尘、活性炭粉尘和矽尘)浓度未超标;重点检测化学毒物有乙酸、丁酮、氢氧化钠、盐酸、磷酸,其中乙酸称量过程接触乙酸CSTEL浓度超标(8.7~34.5 mg/m~3),整改后符合标准要求;噪声强度为79.6~96.2 d B(A),噪声普遍超标。结论此类高度机械化企业噪声危害严重,化学毒物危害亦不容忽视。