Socio-Economic Characteristics in Notified Erythema Migrans Patients

Background

Lyme borreliosis disease results from infection by members of the Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato complex. The most common clinical presentation of Lyme borreliosis is erythema migrans (EM). To gain knowledge of the epidemiological parameters and the risk factors of EM in Slovenia, a survey has been carried out in 2010.

Methods

A short anonymous and self-administrated questionnaire was sent to 4917 notified EM patients in 2010, aiming to collect epidemiological data and assess socio-economic determinants in patients with EM.

Results

Three thousand and five (61%) patients with EM returned completed questionnaires. One thousand and nine hundred twenty-nine (74%) patients noted the tick where the EM developed. The tick bite was most often located on the legs in adults and in the head/neck area in children. The time that elapsed before the tick has been removed increased significantly with age. The attached tick was most frequently overlooked in preschool children. Nearly 70% of patients believed that they contracted the infection with borrelia near home. Infection away from their permanent residence was more often the case in those with a higher level of education and in 15–49 age groups. Compared to the Slovenian general population over 14 years of age, those with a higher level of education, the unemployed and farmers were overrepresented among the EM patients.

Conclusions

The risk of Lyme borreliosis is widespread in Slovenia, with some areas more affected then others. Determinants of exposure to infected ticks are different, and depend on the socio-economic status and demographic characteristics.     

正畸疼痛的影响因素及临床表现

目的探讨正畸治疗中患者疼痛的影响因素、临床表现;为预防和治疗提供方法依据。方法对59例接受正畸治疗的患者进行综合问卷随访调查,将患者按年龄(青少年组和成人组)和性别分组,影响因素为社会主观因素(心理焦虑恐惧、文化程度、职业)和自然客观因素(畸形程度);临床表现由无疼痛、疼痛开始的部位、强度、时间、持续时间、结束时间表示。χ2检验和方差统计分析比较各年龄组和男女性别组的不同影响因素和临床表现的差异。结果青少年组正畸重度疼痛与心理焦虑恐惧、文化程度、职业各项均无关(P>0.05),而与畸形程度相关(P<0.05);畸形越明显疼痛越严重。成人则相反,其疼痛与社会因素均相关(P<0.05),而与本身的畸形程度无相关(P>0.05);在青少年组和成人组中,男女各项因素比较均无显著相关(P>0.05)。结论正畸治疗患者疼痛在青少年与患者病变本身的严重程度有关,与社会因素无关;而成人则主要与社会主观因素有关与病变本身相关不明显。年龄是而性别不是正畸疼痛的影响因素。     

Community-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus causing orbital cellulitis in Australian children

Community-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus has only emerged recently as a cause of serious ocular infections in several different countries. At a tertiary pediatric hospital in Brisbane, Australia, community-associated methicillin-resistant S. aureus orbital cellulitis was first noted in 2009. Since then, it has caused 4 of 9 such infections.     

Oxygen consumption after hypothermic cardiopulmonary bypass: the effect of continuing a propofol infusion postoperatively

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effect of a fixed rate of infusion of propofol on total body oxygen consumption during the postoperative rewarming phase after cardiopulmonary bypass. DESIGN: Prospective, randomized, controlled study. SETTING: Cardiac intensive care unit, university hospital. PARTICIPANTS: Twenty-four male and female patients undergoing elective first-time coronary artery bypass graft surgery. INTERVENTIONS: Total body oxygen consumption was measured using a pulmonary artery catheter and thermodilution during postoperative rewarming. Twelve patients had propofol infused at 2 mg/kg/h for 4 hours or until rewarmed. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS:Total body oxygen consumption was reduced in the propofol group compared with the control group. Oxygen consumption was a median of 30.0 mL/min/m(2) less in the patients receiving propofol (p = 0.01). One patient receiving propofol shivered compared with 4 in the control group (p = 0.14). CONCLUSION: Administration of propofol during postoperative rewarming reduces total body oxygen consumption and may reduce shivering.     

噬菌体变色法检测结核分枝杆菌

目的建立一种结核分枝杆菌快速检测方法。方法痰标本常规处理,离心集菌,取100μl于试管中,另一支加入标准株H37Rv结核分枝杆菌作阳性对照。两支试管分别加入噬菌体D29,37℃培养,用硫酸亚铁铵杀死结核分枝杆菌菌体外的噬菌体,柠檬酸三钠和氯化钙混和液中和硫酸亚铁铵。加入耻垢分枝杆菌和硝酸钾,37℃培养过夜,加入显色剂显色。同时用罗氏培养方法对照检测。结果临床标本的噬菌体变色法和罗氏培养法表明两方法结果具有一致性(P0.05)。结论噬菌体变色法可作为结核分枝杆菌的快速检测方法之一。