Coronary sinus diverticulum: Importance,function, and treatment

The importance of venous structure in the heart is usually overshadowed by that of the arterial system. Coronary sinus (CS) is a part of cardiac venous apparatus and connects left atria to the right atria. Other than having role in physiological contractions of both atria, it contributes substantially to cardiac electrical conduction system. Due to unique placement and connections of the CS, it has become growing interest in clinical cardiology. It is used in cardiac resynchronization therapy with biventricular pacing, left-sided catheter ablation of arrhythmias, and administration of retrograde cardioplegia in cardiac surgery. In some individuals, CS is presented with anatomical variants. CS diverticulum is a congenital outpouching that provides muscular connection between atria and ventricle. This connection provides a suitable substrate for occurrence of arrhythmias, which even results in life-threatening events such as sudden cardiac death. Early diagnosis leads to treatment with ablation techniques, which ultimately eliminates origins of arrhythmias.     

Life-Cycle Assessment of Alkali-Activated Materials Incorporating Industrial Byproducts

Eco-friendly and sustainable materials that are cost-effective, while having a reduced carbon footprint and energy consumption, are in great demand by the construction industry worldwide. Accordingly, alkali-activated materials (AAM) composed primarily of industrial byproducts have emerged as more desirable alternatives to ordinary Portland cement (OPC)-based concrete. Hence, this study investigates the cradle-to-gate life-cycle assessment (LCA) of ternary blended alkali-activated mortars made with industrial byproducts. Moreover, the embodied energy (EE), which represents an important parameter in cradle-to-gate life-cycle analysis, was investigated for 42 AAM mixtures. The boundary of the cradle-to-gate system was extended to include the mechanical and durability properties of AAMs on the basis of performance criteria. Using the experimental test database thus developed, an optimized artificial neural network (ANN) combined with the cuckoo optimization algorithm (COA) was developed to estimate the CO₂ emissions and EE of AAMs. Considering the lack of systematic research on the cradle-to-gate LCA of AAMs in the literature, the results of this research provide new insights into the assessment of the environmental impact of AAM made with industrial byproducts. The final weight and bias values of the AAN model can be used to design AAM mixtures with targeted mechanical properties and CO₂ emission considering desired amounts of industrial byproduct utilization in the mixture.     

Sinus Pericranii with a Hair Collar Sign

Sinus pericranii is a rare vascular malformation in which the extracranial veins are connected to the intracranial venous circulation. It typically appears as a soft mass with a blue hue on the scalp. We describe a patient with sinus pericranii and associated hair collar sign.     

Fatty acid composition in farmed great sturgeon Huso huso

In this study, fatty acid profiles in farmed great sturgeon Huso huso were determined and results compared with those of other farmed sturgeon species. C18:1, C18:2, C16:0, C18:3, and C18:0 were the main fatty acids found in great sturgeon flesh and represented approximately 88% of total fatty acids. Monounsaturated fatty acids were the most dominant class of fatty acids, followed by polyunsaturated and saturated fatty acids. The n-6 fatty acids represented a higher content than n-3 counterparts, giving an n-3/n-6 ratio of 0.28. As compared with other farmed sturgeons, the percentage of n-3 essential fatty acids, such as eicosapentaenoic and docosahexaenoic, were lower in beluga.     

Generation of normative pediatric skull models for use in cranial vault remodeling procedures

Purpose  

While the goal of craniofacial reconstruction surgery is to restore the cranial head shape as much towards normal as possible, for the individual patient, there is, in fact, no normal three-dimensional (3D) model to act as a guide. In this project, we generated a library of normative pediatric skulls from which a guiding template could be fabricated for a more standardized, objective and precise correction of craniosynostosis.     

Stevens‐Johnson Syndrome due to COVID‐19 vaccination

As public COVID‐19 vaccination programs are being implemented, it is possible that more rare and serious adverse effects such as Stevens‐Johnson syndrome (SJS) and toxic epidermal necrosis (TEN) may occur.