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11.
Environmental enrichment potentiates neural plasticity, enhancing acquisition and consolidation of memory traces. In the sensory cortices, after cortical circuit maturation and sensory function acquisition are completed, neural plasticity declines and the critical period 'closes'. In the visual cortex, this process can be prevented by dark-rearing, and here we show that environmental enrichment can promote physiological maturation and consolidation of visual cortical connections in dark-reared rats, leading to critical period closure. 相似文献
12.
Most human isolates of Mycobacterium avium Mav-A and Mav-B are strong producers of hemolysin, a putative virulence factor 下载免费PDF全文
Hemolysin was quantified in 58 isolates of Mycobacterium avium from human, animal, and environmental sources. Human Mav-A and Mav-B isolates were the strongest producers; in contrast, animal and environmental Mav-A isolates and human, animal, and environmental Mav-C organisms were low-level producers. Hemolysin production was not restricted to isolates causing invasive infections. 相似文献
13.
Archidiacono Nicoletta Marzella Rosalia Finelli Palma Antonacci Rachele Jones Carol Rocchi Mariano 《Somatic Cell and Molecular Genetics》1994,20(5):439-442
A panel of chimpanzee-human somatic cell hybrids was characterized by dual Alu-PCR of the chimpanzee DNA in the hybrid and subsequent hybridization of the labeled PCR products to human and chimpanzee chromosomes. In addition to the identification of the intact chimpanzee chromosomes retained in each hybrid, chromosome fragments were identified that will be useful in regional mapping. This technique also revealed the presence of centric inversions. 相似文献
14.
Large-scale variation among human and great ape genomes determined by array comparative genomic hybridization 总被引:6,自引:1,他引:6 下载免费PDF全文
Locke DP Segraves R Carbone L Archidiacono N Albertson DG Pinkel D Eichler EE 《Genome research》2003,13(3):347-357
Large-scale genomic rearrangements are a major force of evolutionary change and the ascertainment of such events between the human and great ape genomes is fundamental to a complete understanding of the genetic history and evolution of our species. Here, we present the results of an evolutionary analysis utilizing array comparative genomic hybridization (array CGH), measuring copy-number gains and losses among these species. Using an array of 2460 human bacterial artificial chromosomes (BACs) (12% of the genome), we identified a total of 63 sites of putative DNA copy-number variation between humans and the great apes (chimpanzee, bonobo, gorilla, and orangutan). Detailed molecular characterization of a subset of these sites confirmed rearrangements ranging from 40 to at least 175 kb in size. Surprisingly, the majority of variant sites differentiating great ape and human genomes were found within interstitial euchromatin. These data suggest that such large-scale events are not restricted solely to subtelomeric or pericentromeric regions, but also occur within genic regions. In addition, 5/9 of the verified variant sites localized to areas of intrachromosomal segmental duplication within the human genome. On the basis of the frequency of duplication in humans, this represents a 14-fold positional bias. In contrast to previous cytogenetic and comparative mapping studies, these results indicate extensive local repatterning of hominoid chromosomes in euchromatic regions through a duplication-driven mechanism of genome evolution. 相似文献
15.
Doriana Misceo Mario Ventura Verena Eder Mariano Rocchi Nicoletta Archidiacono 《Chromosome research》2003,11(4):323-326
A study was made of the organization of the chromosome orthologous to HSA16 in primates using a panel of 8 BAC probes spanning human chromosome 16. The probes were used in FISH experiments on great apes and on representatives of the Old World monkeys, New World monkeys, and lemurs. The domestic cat was used as an outgroup. The results indicate that 16p and 16q were separate chromosomes in a primate ancestor. They fused in a Catarrhini ancestor giving rise to the present day form found in HSA, great apes, and Old World monkeys. Several rearrangements were found in New World monkeys. 相似文献
16.
Luigi Abbondanza Luigi Abis Nicoletta Cardi Fabio Garbassi Riccardo Po 《Macromolecular chemistry and physics.》2003,204(11):1428-1438
Several syndiotactic polystyrene (sPS) samples have been synthesized by using different catalytic systems. Their stereochemistry has been determined by 13C NMR spectra in both the aliphatic CH2 and aromatic C1 resonance regions. The observed peaks have been unambiguously assigned to specific hexads and heptads, respectively, and their intensities have been used to draw the percent of defects (meso dyads) in the polymer chains. On the hypothesis that chain defects are at the origin of chain folding and thus determine the thickness of crystalline lamellae, we performed differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) analysis on the same samples, and their thermal parameters were measured. A model was developed to determine the amount of steric defects from the DSC melting‐peak profiles, and the results obtained were compared with the NMR results. A satisfactory agreement was found (correlation factor 0.96) in the explored range of defect concentrations (up to 2.5% of meso dyads). The possible influence of the extraction procedure of the amorphous fraction was found to be negligible. Thus, information on stereochemistry can be obtained from DSC experiments starting from as‐prepared (not extracted) samples.
17.
18.
Evaluation of the E Test for Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing of Pseudomonas aeruginosa Isolates from Patients with Long-Term Bladder Catheterization 下载免费PDF全文
Giovanni Di Bonaventura Evandro Ricci Nicoletta Della Loggia Giovanni Catamo Raffaele Piccolomini 《Journal of clinical microbiology》1998,36(3):824-826
The E test was evaluated in comparison with reference agar methods (National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards) for the susceptibility testing of 248 Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates from bladder-catheterized patients against nine antibiotics. The E-test MICs correlated well with those determined by the agar dilution and disk diffusion reference methods (88 and 92.5% within 1 log2 dilution step, respectively), confirming that the E test is a reliable method for the determination of MICs of antibiotics for catheterization-associated P. aeruginosa isolates. 相似文献
19.
Paola Laurienzo Mario Malinconico Nicoletta Perenze Anna Laura Segre 《Macromolecular chemistry and physics.》1994,195(9):3057-3065
A new series of polyimides was synthesized by addition polymerization of 4,4′-(bismaleimido)-diphenylmethane, 1,4-piperazine and an amino-terminated polydimethylsiloxane. The synthesis was carried out in m-cresol solution following a two-step procedure. Copolymers containing 15 and 20 wt.-% of the polydimethylsiloxane elastomer were prepared, together with the unmodified base copolymer. Infrared spectroscopy, 13C and 1H NMR, thermal and thermogravimetric analyses were used to characterize the copolymers. The DSC curves of all the samples showed an exotherm in the temperature range 230–280°C, attributable to curing and addition reactions involving the chain-end groups. Different glass transition temperatures (Tg) were observed, depending on the elastomer content. Thermogravimetric analysis indicated that no significant changes occur in the thermal stability of rubber-modified copolymers. 相似文献
20.