TDI技术评价卡维地洛对高血压患者左室舒张功能的影响

目的:应用组织多普勒显像(TDI)技术评价卡维地洛对高血压患者左室舒张功能的影响.方法:对30例高血压给予卡维地洛治疗24周.治疗前、治疗后12周、24周用TDI技术测量左室收缩期二尖瓣环平均舒张早期运动速度(Ea)、舒张晚期运动速度(Aa)及Ea/Aa,并与血流多普勒指标E波速度(E)、A波速度(A)、E/A进行比较,观察降压效果及对左室舒张功能的影响.结果:卡维地洛治疗12周后收缩压(SBP)、舒张压(DBP)、心率(HR)均较治疗前下降(P＜0.05),Ea、Ea/Aa均较治疗前升高(P＜0.05),治疗24周后E、E/A较治疗前升高(P＜0.05),Aa较治疗前降低(P＜0.05),Ea、Ea/Aa有进一步改善的趋势(P＜0.05).结论:TDI技术在评价左室舒张功能方面较二尖瓣血流频谱更敏感;卡维地洛对轻、中度高血压具有良好的降压作用,且能改善患者左室舒张功能.     

Ultraviolet-B irradiation of platelets: a preliminary trial of efficacy

Prior studies established that ultraviolet-B light (UVB) irradiation of platelet concentrates (PCs) at appropriate doses can eliminate the mixed lymphocyte culture-stimulating and -responding capacity of lymphocytes in the PCs without adversely affecting in vitro platelet function. The in vivo recovery and survival and in vitro characteristics of UVB-irradiated platelets were investigated in paired studies. PCs were stored for 1 day and then exposed to UVB. Platelet recovery, survival, and function were comparable to those of nonirradiated platelets. Recovery and survival of platelets stored for 5 days before UVB exposure were decreased relative to controls, although they were considered clinically acceptable. Paired transfusion studies were also performed in seven thrombocytopenic patients by using platelets obtained by apheresis. Comparable posttransfusion platelet increments and bleeding time corrections were obtained with both irradiated and control (nonirradiated) platelets. It can be concluded that platelets survive and function relatively normally in vivo after UVB irradiation sufficient to abolish lymphocyte reactivity in mixed lymphocyte culture. Long-term studies of UVB-irradiated PCs are needed to assess their potential in reducing recipient alloimmunization.     

Pattern separation deficits may contribute to age-associated recognition impairments

Normal aging is associated with impairments in stimulus recognition. In the current investigation, object recognition was tested in adult and aged rats with the standard spontaneous object recognition (SOR) task or two variants of this task. On the standard SOR task, adult rats showed an exploratory preference for the novel object over delays up to 24 h, whereas the aged rats only showed significant novelty discrimination at the 2-min delay. This age difference appeared to be because of the old rats behaving as if the novel object was familiar. To test this hypothesis directly, rats participated in a variant of the SOR task that allowed the exploration times between the object familiarization and the test phases to be compared, and this experiment confirmed that aged rats falsely "recognize" the novel object. A final control examined whether or not aged rats exhibited reduced motivation to explore objects. In this experiment, when the environmental context changed between familiarization and test, young and old rats failed to show an exploratory preference because both age groups spent more time exploring the familiar object. Together these findings support the view that age-related impairments in object recognition arise from old animals behaving as if novel objects are familiar, which is reminiscent of behavioral impairments in young rats with perirhinal cortical lesions. The current experiments thus suggest that alterations in the perirhinal cortex may be responsible for reducing aged animals' ability to distinguish new stimuli from ones that have been encountered previously.     

美国卫生组织体系20年的变革和经验

1背景与资料上世纪80和90年代,美国的医院和医生组织投入大量时间和资源进行机构重组,以实现提高组织效率、改善财务绩效水平、机构长期生存、承担社区责任和救治病人的目的。而机构重组的主要趋势是建立“有组织的服务提供体系”,包括建立横向的医院联合体,横向的医生联合体,以及纵向的医院与医生联合体等。到目前为止,在美国开展的大量研究对上述机构重组效果的认识莫衷一是。     

Human leukocyte antigen matching and fetal loss: results of a 10 year prospective study

The role that maternal and fetal human leukocyte antigen (HLA) genes play in pregnancy is unknown, but it has been suggested that fetuses whose HLA alleles do not differ from maternal alleles (i.e. histocompatible fetuses) are more likely to be aborted than fetuses with HLA alleles that differ from maternal alleles (i.e. histoincompatible fetuses). To elucidate the role of HLA compatibility in pregnancy, we tested the hypothesis that couples who match for HLA alleles or haplotypes would have reduced fertility because only these couples could produce histocompatible fetuses. We conducted a 10 year prospective study of HLA matching and pregnancy outcome in 111 Hutterite couples, providing information on 251 pregnancies. A logistic regression analysis was performed to determine the effects of HLA matching at HLA regions and loci on pregnancy outcome (fetal loss versus delivery). Significantly increased fetal loss rates were observed among couples matching for the entire 16-locus haplotype (P = 0.002). Among the individual loci, loss rates were increased among couples matching for HLA-B (P = 0.019), HLA-C (P = 0.033) and the complement component, C4 (P = 0.043). We interpret these results as evidence that matching for the entire 16-locus haplotype and/or alleles at an HLA-B-linked locus confers significant risk for fetal loss.      

Attitudes about genetic risk of couples undergoing in-vitro fertilization

Many couples undergoing in-vitro fertilization (IVF) are at a higher risk of having a child with a genetic abnormality. In a sample of 55 consecutive couples starting IVF, only 33% had no genetic risk factor. The most common genetic risks were advanced maternal age and possible abnormalities associated with severe male infertility. Despite education on these risks, 71% of couples had no interest in receiving formal genetic counselling. Only 14% of couples at risk would consider using a gamete donor to avoid transmitting a genetic disorder to a child. The triple test to screen for fetal abnormalities was acceptable to 82% of couples, but only 47% planned to have amniocentesis or chorionic villi sampling. Couples were significantly more likely to opt for prenatal testing if they would consider terminating a pregnancy should the fetus have a severe genetic abnormality (P < 0.01). Roman Catholic couples tended to have more conservative attitudes about pregnancy termination. Socio-economic status and whether the infertility factor was male or female were not predictors of a couple's attitudes.      

Dentomaxillofacial manifestations of Gaucher's disease: preliminary clinical and radiographic findings

Objectives

A wide variety of manifestations is presented in patients with Gaucher''s disease (GD), including bone, haematology and visceral disturbances. This study was conducted to ascertain the main maxillofacial abnormalities by means of clinical survey, panoramic and cone beam CT (CBCT); to compare the patient''s group with an age–sex matched control group; and to correlate clinical and radiological data.

Methods

Ten patients previously diagnosed with GD were submitted to clinical and radiological surveys (CBCT and panoramic radiographs). The examination consisted of anamnesis, extra- and intraoral examinations and analyses of each patient''s records. Imaging data were collected from the point of view of 3 observers, and the results compared with a healthy group (20 individuals) by means of statistical analysis (Fisher''s exact test).

Results

Gaucher patients had significantly more manifestations than otherwise healthy carriers. The most prevalent findings were enlarged marrow spaces, generalized osteopenia and effacement of jaw structures (mandibular canal, lamina dura and mental foramen). Here we describe a case in which thickening of the maxillary sinus mucosa was observed on CBCT rather than opacification of the sinus as seen on panoramic radiographs. Pathological fractures, root resorption and delay on tooth eruption were not observed.

Conclusions

A poor relationship could be observed between clinical and radiological data. Patients showed important bone manifestations, which require careful diagnostic and surgical planning whenever necessary. Although panoramic radiographs have shown significant differences, CBCT is more effective in pointing out differences between patients and a control group, thus showing it as an important tool for evaluation of Gaucher patients.     

刺果甘草化学成分的研究

从刺果甘草(Glycyrrhiza pallidiflora Maxim)的根和根茎中分离到五种化合物,经理化性质和光谱方法鉴定,化合物P-2为4-羟基-2,4’-二甲氧基查尔酮,为一新的化合物,命名为刺果甘草查尔酮(glypallichalcone,P-2)。其它分别为4'-O-methyl-coumestrol(P-1),谷氨酸乙酰化物(N-acetylglutamicacid,P-3)和芒柄花素(formononetin,P-4),均为首次从该植物中获得。此外还得到β-谷甾醇(β-sitos-terol,P-5)     

高效液相色谱法同时测定五加中剌五加苷B、苷E的含量

目的测定甘肃产五加中剌五加苷B、苷E的含量。方法高效液相色谱法,ODSKromasal柱。水乙晴(955)为流动相,检测波长222nm,柱温度25℃。结果本文可同时测定剌五加苷B、苷E的含量。剌五加苷B、苷E分别在0.064～0.320μg/ml;0.074～0.370μg/ml范围内峰面积与浓度呈线性关系,平均回收率分别为102.5%,RSD=4.2%,95.5%,RSD=4.6%。结论剌五加苷B、苷E在红毛五加中含量最高;茎皮中含量最高;剌五加苷E的含量高于苷B。     

Synthesis and docking studies of new 1,4-dihydropyridines containing 4-(5)-Chloro-2-ethyl-5-(4)-imidazolyl substituent as novel calcium channel agonist

1,4-Dihydropyridines have been recognized as calcium channel agonist. Three new analogues of Bay K8644 in which the ortho trifluromethyl phenyl group at position 4 is replaced by the 4-(5)-Chloro-2-ethyl-5-(4)-imidazolyl substituent, were designed and synthesized as calcium channel agonist. For this propose, the structures of designed compounds were drawn by HYPERCHEM program. Conformations of the compounds were optimized through semi-empirical method followed by PM3 calculation. Then the crystalin stucture of L-type calcium channel was obtained from the Protein Data Bank (PDB) server. Docking calculations were carried out using Auto-Dock.4 program. The good interaction of our 1,4-DHP derivatives showed that they can be as possible calcium channel agonist agents. Finally compounds were synthesized according to a modified Hantzsch condensation procedure.