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61.
Sulfated K5 Escherichia coli polysaccharide derivatives as wide-range inhibitors of genital types of human papillomavirus 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Lembo D Donalisio M Rusnati M Bugatti A Cornaglia M Cappello P Giovarelli M Oreste P Landolfo S 《Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy》2008,52(4):1374-1381
Genital human papillomaviruses (HPV) represent the most common sexually transmitted agents and are classified into low or high risk by their propensity to cause genital warts or cervical cancer, respectively. Topical microbicides against HPV may be a useful adjunct to the newly licensed HPV vaccine. A main objective in the development of novel microbicides is to block HPV entry into epithelial cells through cell surface heparan sulfate proteoglycans. In this study, selective chemical modification of the Escherichia coli K5 capsular polysaccharide was integrated with innovative biochemical and biological assays to prepare a collection of sulfated K5 derivatives with a backbone structure resembling the heparin/heparan biosynthetic precursor and to test them for their anti-HPV activity. Surface plasmon resonance assays revealed that O-sulfated K5 with a high degree of sulfation [K5-OS(H)] and N,O-sulfated K5 with a high [K5-N,OS(H)] or low [K5-N,OS(L)] sulfation degree, but not unmodified K5, N-sulfated K5, and O-sulfated K5 with low levels of sulfation, prevented the interaction between HPV-16 pseudovirions and immobilized heparin. In cell-based assays, K5-OS(H), K5-N,OS(H), and K5-N,OS(L) inhibited HPV-16, HPV-18, and HPV-6 pseudovirion infection. Their 50% inhibitory concentration was between 0.1 and 0.9 mug/ml, without evidence of cytotoxicity. These findings provide insights into the design of novel, safe, and broad-spectrum microbicides against genital HPV infections. 相似文献
62.
Angela Migliorini Guia Moschi Letizia Giurlani Renato Valenti Ruben Vergara Guido Parodi Nazario Carrabba Emilio V Dovellini David Antoniucci 《Catheterization and cardiovascular interventions》2006,68(2):225-230
OBJECTIVES: This study sought to determine the clinical and angiographic outcomes of unselected patients receiving drug-eluting stents for unprotected left main disease. BACKGROUND: The results of several series of percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) for left main disease in the pre-drug-eluting stent era have arisen concerns on the safety and mid-term efficacy of PCI. METHODS: Consecutive patients with unprotected left main disease were considered eligible for drug-eluting stent supported PCI. The surgical risk score (risk of death within 1 month) of each patient was calculated according to the European System for Cardiac Operative Risk Evaluation (EuroSCORE) model. RESULTS: One-hundred and one patients with unprotected left main disease underwent PCI. The mean EuroSCORE was 19 +/- 23. Successfully left main stenting was performed in 98 patients (primary success rate 97%). The overall 1-month mortality rate was 9.9%. The 1-month mortality rate was 50% in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) on presentation, and 4.5% in patients without AMI on presentation. The 1-month mortality rate of patients with a risk score <13 was 3%, while it was 21% in patients with a risk score >or=13. At 6 months, the mortality rate of the entire cohort of patients increased to 12.8%, and the one of the non-AMI patients to 7.8%. Survival rate was 86% +/- 4% (mean follow-up 295 +/- 175 days). Target vessel revascularization was performed in 14 patients (16%). The 6-month in-segment restenosis rate was 16%. CONCLUSION: Drug-eluting stent supported PCI may provide early and mid-term outcomes comparable or superior to those expected from coronary artery surgery. (c) 2006 Wiley-Liss, Inc. 相似文献
63.
Humphries D Mosites E Otchere J Twum WA Woo L Jones-Sanpei H Harrison LM Bungiro RD Benham-Pyle B Bimi L Edoh D Bosompem K Wilson M Cappello M 《The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene》2011,84(5):792-800
A cross-sectional pilot study of hookworm infection was carried out among 292 subjects from 62 households in Kintampo North, Ghana. The overall prevalence of hookworm infection was 45%, peaking in those 11-20 years old (58.5%). In children, risk factors for hookworm infection included coinfection with malaria and increased serum immunoglobulin G reactivity to hookworm secretory antigens. Risk factors for infection in adults included poor nutritional status, not using a latrine, not wearing shoes, and occupation (farming). Although albendazole therapy was associated with an overall egg reduction rate of 82%, 37 subjects (39%) remained infected. Among those who failed therapy, treatment was not associated with a significant reduction in egg excretion, and nearly one-third had higher counts on repeat examination. These data confirm a high prevalence of low-intensity hookworm infection in central Ghana and its association with poor nutritional status. The high rate of albendazole failure raises concern about emerging resistance. 相似文献
64.
Nazario S Casal JR Torres-Palacios A Rodriguez W Delamater AM Applegate EB Piedimonte G Wanner A 《Pediatric pulmonology》2004,37(5):453-460
We conducted a survey to determine parent-reported asthma prevalence, morbidity, and healthcare utilization among 3527 children attending public schools (n = 2849) and private schools (n = 678) in San Juan, Puerto Rico. Schools were randomly selected from each of 12 geographic regions of the San Juan metropolitan area. Parents of children age 4-7 years old completed a 12-item questionnaire on asthma diagnosis, respiratory symptoms and morbidity, and healthcare utilization. Parents of children in public schools and private schools reported similar rates of a physician having previously diagnosed asthma in their children (43.2% vs. 39.4%); however, significantly more children in public schools were reported to still have asthma at the time of the survey (32.6% vs. 23.7%). Children attending public schools vs. private schools were reported to have missed significantly more school and to have had more hospitalizations and emergency department visits. Among children reported to still have asthma, significantly more children visited an emergency department, were hospitalized, and missed more school days due to respiratory symptoms in the past year. The high prevalence of parent-reported asthma, respiratory symptoms, and healthcare utilization among Puerto Rican children in San Juan calls for further studies using objective methods for ascertaining asthma and asthma-related morbidity. Differences in healthcare utilization between children attending public vs. private schools suggest that socioeconomic factors play a role in asthma management in Puerto Rico. 相似文献
65.
66.
Hobson-Peters J Arévalo C Cheah WY Blitvich BJ Tan CS Sandis A Araya LN Hernández JL Toye P Hall RA 《Vector borne and zoonotic diseases (Larchmont, N.Y.)》2011,11(8):1081-1084
We conducted a serosurvey for West Nile virus (WNV) infection in equines in Costa Rica in 2004. Antibodies to WNV were detected in 28% of the horses using an epitope blocking ELISA that is specific for WNV. WNV infection was confirmed for a subset of these sera by plaque reduction neutralization tests and Western blot. This is the first evidence of WNV activity in Costa Rica. 相似文献
67.
Rifaximin in patients with lactose intolerance 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
BACKGROUND: Abdominal symptoms linked to lactose malabsorption may be caused by metabolic activity of colonic bacteria. Rifaximin, a non-absorbable rifampycin derivative, is active against colonic bacteria, it may be useful in the treatment of lactose intolerance. AIM: The aim of this study has been to evaluate short-term rifaximin therapy in patients with lactose intolerance. METHODS: Thirty-two patients with lactose intolerance diagnosed using the hydrogen lactose breath test were studied. Fourteen patients received rifaximin 800 mg/day for 10 days, 13 patients followed a diet without milk for 40 days and 5 patients received a placebo for 10 days. Total breath H(2) excretion expressed as area under the curve, and the symptom score were evaluated in all patients at the start, and subsequently after 10 and 40 days. RESULTS: In the 14 patients who received rifaximin for 10 days, area under the curve at day 10 and day 40 was statistically significantly lower than the one computed at basal (P<0.01). Diet reduced area under the curve progressively reaching statistical significance at day 40, while the placebo did not change area under the curve throughout the study. The total symptom score significantly improved after rifaximin and diet. CONCLUSION: In patients with lactose intolerance, a 10-day therapy with rifaximin as well as 40-day diet without lactose reduces the area under the curve and the symptom score. 相似文献
68.
Roux A Cappello G Cartaud J Prost J Goud B Bassereau P 《Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America》2002,99(8):5394-5399
The elucidation of physical and molecular mechanisms by which a membrane tube is generated from a membrane reservoir is central to the understanding of the structure and dynamics of intracellular organelles and of transport intermediates in eukaryotic cells. Compelling evidence exists that molecular motors of the dynein and kinesin families are involved in the tubulation of organelles. Here, we show that lipid giant unilamellar vesicles (GUVs), to which kinesin molecules have been attached by means of small polystyrene beads, give rise to membrane tubes and to complex tubular networks when incubated in vitro with microtubules and ATP. Similar tubes and networks are obtained with GUVs made of purified Golgi lipids, as well as with Golgi membranes. No tube formation was observed when kinesins were directly bound to the GUV membrane, suggesting that it is critical to distribute the load on both lipids and motors by means of beads. A kinetic analysis shows that network growth occurs in two phases: a phase in which membrane-bound beads move at the same velocity than free beads, followed by a phase in which the tube growth rate decreases and strongly fluctuates. Our work demonstrates that the action of motors bound to a lipid bilayer is sufficient to generate membrane tubes and opens the way to well controlled experiments aimed at the understanding of basic mechanisms in intracellular transport. 相似文献
69.
Guido Parodi Giuseppe De Luca Guia Moschi Benedetta Bellandi Renato Valenti Angela Migliorini Nazario Carrabba David Antoniucci 《Journal of thrombosis and thrombolysis》2010,30(4):446-451
Infarct artery stenting with adjunctive abciximab therapy is widely used treatment for patients with acute myocardial infarction
(AMI). However, bleeding complications have been associated with a worse clinical outcome. Randomized trials in elective patients
have shown that postprocedural protamine administration is safe and associated with a significant reduction in bleeding complications.
The aim of the current study was to evaluate in STEMI patients undergoing primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI)
with abciximab and stenting whether immediate reversal of anticoagulation by protamine is safe and associated with a reduction
in the occurrence of bleeding complications. From January 2004 to June 2005, 254 patients with STEMI had immediate reversal
of anticoagulation by protamine administration after infarct artery stenting and received abciximab therapy without heparin
infusion (Group 1). These patients were compared with a control group of 265 patients (June 2002–December 2003) treated with
the standard heparin therapy: bolus in order to achieve an activated coagulation time of 250–300 s during PCI plus 12-h infusion
(7 UI/kg/h; Group 2). We excluded patients undergoing IABP implantation. The two groups were similar in all baseline characteristics.
There were no differences in in-hospital mortality, reinfarction, urgent target vessel revascularization, stroke or acute
or subacute stent thrombosis, while Group 1 patients showed a lower incidence of major bleeding complications (ACUITY scale:
1.1 vs. 4.0%, P = 0.035) and a shorter length of hospital stay (3.5 ± 1.7 vs. 4.0 ± 1.6 days, P = 0.002) as compared with heparin treated patients. Among patients undergoing primary stenting with abciximab administration,
immediate post-PCI reversal anticoagulation by protamine without associated heparin infusion is safe and associated with a
significant reduction in major bleeding complications. 相似文献
70.
Dr. Giampiero La Rocca Antonino Di Stefano Ermanno Eleuteri Rita Anzalone Francesca Magno Simona Corrao Tiziana Loria Anna Martorana Claudio Di Gangi Marilena Colombo Fabrizio Sansone Francesco Patanè Felicia Farina Mauro Rinaldi Francesco Cappello Pantaleo Giannuzzi Giovanni Zummo 《Basic research in cardiology》2009,104(3):307-320
Increased oxidative stress has been implicated in the pathogenesis of a number of cardiovascular diseases. Recent findings
suggest that myeloperoxidase (MPO) may play a key role in the initiation and maintenance of chronic heart failure (CHF) by
contributing to the depletion of the intracellular reservoir of nitric oxide (NO). NO consumption through MPO activity may
lead to protein chlorination or nitration, leading to tissue damage. Primary cultures of human endocardial endothelial cells
(EEC) obtained at heart transplantation of patients with CHF and human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) were subjected
to oxidative stress by incubation with hydrogen peroxide at non lethal (60 μM) dose for different exposure times (3 and 6 h).
Treated and control cells were tested by immunohistochemistry and RT-PCR for MPO and 3-chlorotyrosine expression. Both endothelial
cell types expressed myeloperoxidase following oxidative stress, with higher levels in EEC. Moreover, 3-chlorotyrosine accumulation
in treated cells alone indicated the presence of MPO-derived hypochlorous acid. Immunohistochemistry on sections from post-infarcted
heart confirmed in vivo the endothelial positivity to MPO, 3-chlorotyrosine and, to a minor extent, nitrotyrosine. Immunohistochemical
observations were confirmed by detection of MPO mRNA in both stimulated EEC and HUVEC cells. This study demonstrates for the
first time that EEC can express MPO after oxidative stress, both in vitro and in vivo, followed by accumulation of 3-chlorotyrosine,
an end product of oxidative stress. Deregulation of endothelial functions may contribute to the development of a number of
cardiovascular diseases, including CHF. The results also highlight the notion that endothelium is not only a target but also
a key player in oxidative-driven cardiovascular stress.
Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi: ) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
G. La Rocca and A. Di Stefano contributed equally to the current work.
Returned for 1. Revision: 7 January 2008 1. Revision received: 18 June 2008
Returned for 2. Revision: 17 July 2008 2. Revision received: 17 October 2008 相似文献