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41.
M J Meaney J B Mitchell D H Aitken S Bhatnagar S R Bodnoff L J Iny A Sarrieau 《Psychoneuroendocrinology》1991,16(1-3):85-103
Several years ago Levine, Denenberg, Weininger, Ader, and others described the effects of postnatal "handling" on the development of behavioral and endocrine responses to stress. The handling procedure usually involved removing rat pups from their cages, placing the animals together in small containers, and 15-20 min later, returning the animals to their cages and their mothers. The manipulation was performed daily for the first 21 days of life. As adults, handled (H) rats exhibited attenuated fearfulness (e.g., decreased freezing, increased exploration) in novel environments and a less pronounced increase in the secretion of adrenal glucocorticoids in response to a variety of stressors. These findings clearly demonstrated that the development of rudimentary, adaptive responses to stress could be modified by environmental events. We have followed on these earlier handling studies, convinced that this paradigm provides a marvelous opportunity to examine how subtle variations in the early environment alter the development of specific biochemical systems in the brain, leading to stable individual differences in biological responses to stimuli that threaten homeostasis. In this work we have shown how early handling influences the neurochemical development of certain brain regions that regulate the adrenocortical response to stress. Neonatal handling increases the efficiency of this endocrine response to stress, preventing excessive exposure to the highly catabolic adrenal steroids. In later life, this effect appears to protect the animal from potentially damaging effects of these steroids, ensuring the anatomical integrity of brain structures involved in cognitive functioning. 相似文献
42.
Preeti Sharma Subha Rastogi Sunita Bhatnagar Janmejya K. Srivastava Anuradha Dube Purushottam Y. Guru Dinesh K. Kulshrestha Bishan N. Mehrotra Bhola N. Dhawan 《Drug development research》2003,60(4):285-293
Tephrosia purpurea (family: Fabaceae), which is used in traditional remedies for the treatment of febrile attacks, enlargement and obstruction of liver, spleen, and kidney, was found to have significant antileishmanial activity, and has been extensively fractionated to locate the abode of activity. A fraction (F062) obtained from N‐butanol extract of T. purpurea showed consistent antileishmanial activity at 50 mg/ kg × 5 days by oral route against Leishmania donovani infection in hamsters. Activity was further confirmed in a secondary model, i.e., Indian langur monkeys (Presbytis entellus). Thus, the fraction F062 from this plant possesses potential to produce significant antileishmanial activity by oral route without producing any toxic side effects. Drug. Dev. Res. 60:285–293, 2003. © 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc. 相似文献
43.
S Laskar T Gupta S Vimal M A Muckaden T K Saikia S K Pai K N Naresh K A Dinshaw 《Journal of clinical oncology》2004,22(1):62-68
PURPOSE: Combined modality treatment using multidrug chemotherapy (CTh) and radiotherapy (RT) is currently considered the standard of care in early stage Hodgkin's disease. Its role in advanced stages, however, continues to be debated. This study was aimed at evaluating the role of consolidation radiation in patients achieving a complete remission after six cycles of doxorubicin, bleomycin, vinblastine, and dacarbazine (ABVD) chemotherapy using event-free survival (EFS) and overall survival (OS) as primary end points. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Two hundred and fifty-one patients with Hodgkin's disease attending the lymphoma clinic at the Tata Memorial Hospital (Mumbai, India) from 1993 to 1996 received induction chemotherapy with six cycles of ABVD after initial staging evaluation. A total of 179 of 251 patients (71%) achieved a complete remission after six cycles of ABVD chemotherapy and constituted the randomized population. Patients were randomly assigned to receive either consolidation radiation or no further therapy. RESULTS: With a median follow-up of 63 months, the 8-year EFS and OS in the CTh-alone arm were 76% and 89%, respectively, as compared with 88% and 100% in the CTh+RT arm (P =.01; P =.002). Addition of RT improved EFS and OS in patients with age < 15 years (P =.02; P =.04), B symptoms (P =.03; P =.006), advanced stage (P =.03; P =.006), and bulky disease (P =.04; P =.19). CONCLUSION: Our study suggests that the addition of consolidation radiation helps improve the EFS and OS in patients achieving a complete remission after six cycles of ABVD chemotherapy, particularly in the younger age group and in patients with B symptoms and bulky and advanced disease. 相似文献
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46.
Surinder K. Singhal Naresh K. Panda S. B. S. Mann Ashim Dass 《Indian journal of otolaryngology and head and neck surgery》1997,49(3):265-268
Basaloid squamous cell carcinoma is a rare variant of squamous cell carcinoma, Larynx has been an uncommon site of this tumour
which is said to have aggressive biological behaviour with high incidence of cervical and distant metastasis along with second
primary. Two cases of laryngeal basaloid squamous cell carcinoma are reported with relevant review of literature. The submucosal
spread of tumour is highlighted alongwith role of preoperative radio therapy. 相似文献
47.
M. Srinivas S. Agarwala A. K. Padhy A. K. Gupta M. Bajpai V. Bhatnagar D. K. Gupta D. K. Mitra 《Pediatric surgery international》1998,14(3):185-188
Solitary kidneys in renal donors and patients who have undergone unilateral nephrectomy for malignant disease have been reported
to undergo hyperfiltration injury. This study was undertaken to evaluate the somatic growth and development of followed-up
patient after Wilms' tumor to evaluate their renal function and identify any evidence of injury in the remaining kidney. The
growth and development of all the children was found to be normal, as was DTPA clearance. Microalbuminuria in 24-h urinary
collections was detected in 84% of the patients, indicating evidence of hyperfiltration injury. This study highlights the
need for close monitoring of the renal function of long-term follow-up patients after Wilms' tumor in addition to the routine
monitoring for tumor recurrence.
Accepted: 26 May 1998 相似文献
48.
49.
Jaimanti Naresh K. Panda Suresh Sharma Ashok K. Gupta S. B. S. Mann 《Indian journal of otolaryngology and head and neck surgery》2004,56(2):99-104
Conclusion Patients with stage I and II tumors had the best results with radical radiotherapy alone 5 years survival for patients with
stage I and stage II tumors was 90-95% and 75-85% respectively Patients with advanced stage III & IV disease were treated
Unoperable stage IV cancer patients had poor outcome and received only palliative treatment 相似文献
50.
Arunaloke Chakrabarti Ashim Das Naresh K Panda 《Indian journal of otolaryngology and head and neck surgery》2004,56(4):251-258
The incidence of fungal rhinosinusitis has increased to such extent in recent years that fungal infection should be considered
in all patients with chronic rhino sinusitis. In India though the disease was reported earlier only from northern regions
of this country, nowadays the disease is increasingly diagnosed from other parts as well. The disease has been categorized
with possible five types: acute necrothing (fulminant), chronic invasive, chronic granulomatous invasive, fungal hall (sinus
mycetoma), allergic. The first three types are tissue-invasive and the last two are non-invasive fungal rhinosinusitis. However,
the categorization is still controversial and open to discussion. Chronic fungal rhinosinusitis can occur in otherwise healthy
host and Aspergillus flavus is the common etiological agent in Indian scenario. The pathophys iologic mechanism of the disease
remains unclear. It may represent an allergic IgE response, a cell-mediated reaction, or a combination of two. Early diagnosis
may prevent multiple surgical procedures and lead to effective treatment. Histopathology and radio-imaging techniques help
to distinguish different types and delineate extension of disease process. Culture helps to identify the responsible etiological
agent. The presence or absence oj precipitating antibody correlates well with disease progression or recovery. The most immediate
need regarding management is to establish the respective roles of surgery and antifungal therapy. Non-invasive disease requires
surgical debridement and sinus ventilation only, though, additional oral or local corticosterold therapy may be beneficial
in allergie type. For invasive disease, the adjuvant medical therapy is recommended to prevent recurrence and further extension.
Itraconazole has been found as an effective drug in such situation. Patients with acute neerotizing type require radical surgery
and amphotericin B therapy. 相似文献