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161.
Recent reports of sexually transmitted infection-rate increases among men indicate the need for renewed study of male sexual risk behavior to aid development of updated and novel risk reduction interventions. Men who have childhood sexual abuse (CSA) histories consistently report frequent sexual risk behavior. The objective of this sturdy is to explore whether posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and depression are moderators and/or mediators of the association between CSA and sexual risk in adult men. A cross-sectional survey study employing random digit dial recruitment was administered to men aged 18–49 years from Philadelphia County. Two bundred ninety eight men were recruited and screened for CSA history, administered items from the Posttraumatic Stress Diagnostic Scale (PDS) and Center for Epidemiologic Studies—Depression (CES-D), and asked to estimate their number of lifetime sexual partners (LSPs). Effects of sociodemographic characteristics, CSA, PTSD, and depression on the number of LSPs were modeled using Poisson regression. Results show that 197 (66%) men participated; 43 (22%) had CSA histories. CSA was significantly associated with PTSD/depression (P=.03). Four sociodemographic variables (age, race, sexual identity, and education), CSA (incidence rate ratio, IRR=1.47, P<.001), PTSD (IRR=1.19, P=.04), depression (IRR=1.29, P=.001), all 2-way interactions, and the 3-way CSA/PTSD/depression interaction (IRR=11.00, P<.001) were associated with the number of LSPs (R2=0.27). In conclusion, sexual partnership patterns unique to men with CSA histories and comorbid PTSD/depression appear to lead to substantially higher numbers of LSPs. Estimates of this relationship may have been biased toward the null by underreporting that can occur with phone surveys. Cross-sectional studies do not support causal inferences; however, the identification of a moderating and mediating influence of PTSD/depression on the relationship between CSA and sexual risk behavior is important and suggests the need for future studies with larger samples that examine trajectories for CSA, psychiatric illness, and sexual partnerships. 相似文献
162.
163.
The patella and tibial condyle position after combined and after closing wedge high tibial osteotomy
Miklós Papp Zoltán Csernátony Sándor Kazai Zoltán Károlyi László Róde 《Knee surgery, sports traumatology, arthroscopy》2007,15(6):769-780
High tibial osteotomy changes the patella and tibial condyle position, which makes the subsequent total knee replacement technically
demanding. From 1 January 1993 to 31 December 2000, combined osteotomy [After the first osteotomy made 2 cm distally to the
joint line, a bone wedge is removed based laterally. Its tip ends at the center of the tibial condyle (half bone wedge). The
distal part of the tibia is placed into the valgus position and the half bone wedge is placed into the gap opened medially.]
was performed on 103 knees and closing wedge osteotomy was performed on 47 consecutive knees. Eighty combined (group A) and
41 closing wedge (group B) osteotomy were studied. All knees were assessed radiologically before surgery, in the 10th postoperative
week, in the 12th postoperative month and at the time of the final follow-up (in group A—66.15 months, in group B—66.61 months).
We examined the change of the femorotibial angle, of the patellar height according to the method of Insall and Salvati, of
the tibial slope angle according to the method of Bonnin, of the tibial condylar offset according to the method of Yoshida
and of the distance between the lateral tibial plateau and the top of the fibular head. In group A and B, the recurrence of
the varus deformity was not noted and valgus alignment did not increase in any case. In group-A, the Insall–Salvati ratio
remained unchanged in 65% of knees. The tibial slope angle decreased in both groups. There was correlation between the change
of the tibial condylar offset and the angle of the correction in both groups. There was correlation between the change of
the distance between the lateral tibial plateau and the top of the fibular head. After combined osteotomy, the transposition
of the tibial condyle and the decrease of the distance between the lateral tibial plateau and the top of the fibular head
was less than after closing wedge osteotomy, although the average angle of correction was more after combined osteotomy (11.835°),
than after closing wedge osteotomy (9.465°). Theoretically, the recurrence of the varus deformity, the increase of the valgus
alignment and (in majority of cases) the shortening of the patellar tendon do not compromise the likelihood of successful
conversion to the subsequent total knee replacement, either after combined or after closing wedge osteotomy. The combined
osteotomy does not lead to considerable transposition of the tibial condyle and to considerable lateral tibial bone loss;
therefore, theoretically, the combined osteotomy does not impair the subsequent total knee replacement. 相似文献
164.
Background
Induction of apoptosis is one strategy for treatment of prostate cancer. The Shb adapter protein has been found to regulate apoptosis in various cell types and consequently human prostate cancer 3 (PC3) cells were transfected to obtain cells overexpressing Shb in order to increase our understanding of the mechanisms regulating PC3 cell apoptosis. 相似文献165.
166.
167.
Hakim Echchannaoui Stephen L Leib Ulf Neumann Regine MA Landmann 《BMC infectious diseases》2007,7(1):25
Background
Streptococcus (S.) pneumoniae meningitis has a high lethality despite antibiotic treatment. Inflammation is a major pathogenetic factor, which is unresponsive to antibiotics. Therefore adjunctive therapies with antiinflammatory compounds have been developed. TNF484 is a TNF-alpha converting enzyme (TACE) inhibitor and has been found efficacious in experimental meningitis. Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2) contributes to host response in pneumococcal meningitis by enhancing bacterial clearing and downmodulating inflammation. In this study, TNF484 was applied in mice, which lacked TLR2 and exhibited a strong meningeal inflammation. 相似文献168.
Roberto Rivera-Luna Marta Zapata-Tarrés Aurora Medina-Sansón Enrique López-Aguilar Ana Niembro-Zúñiga J. Amador Zarco Alfonso Marhx-Bracho Fernando Rueda-Franco Leticia Bornstein-Quevedo 《Child's nervous system》2007,23(5):543-547
Objective The purpose of this study is to analyze clinical aspects and disease-free survival (DFS) in children less than 3 years of
age diagnosed with low-grade astrocytoma.
Methods In a period of 24 years (1980–2004), a total of 43 (5.4%) children were registered with these characteristics. Twenty-three
patients had pilocytic astrocytoma, 18 diffused, and 2 mixed. Thirty-one (72.1%) children had incomplete surgical tumor resection
and 12 (27.9%) had a complete tumor resection. Twelve (27.9%) patients had cranial radiotherapy and 17 (39.5%) received chemotherapy.
Overall survival was recorded in 23 (53%). DFS was 50% at 250 months of follow-up for the whole group. DFS for the supratentorial
group was 60% at 250 months, whereas, for the infratentorial, it was 22% at 120 months (p = 0.008).
Conclusion The only favorable prognostic pattern was the supratentorial presentation. Radiotherapy and chemotherapy did not alter the
outcome. 相似文献
169.
A literature review of autograft and allograft anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
Jonathan Marrale Matthew C. Morrissey Fares S. Haddad 《Knee surgery, sports traumatology, arthroscopy》2007,15(6):690-704
Knee anterior cruciate ligament reconstructive surgery has significantly evolved and now includes the option of using an allograft.
This has resulted in numerous studies evaluating the advantages and disadvantages of allografts. The purpose of this literature
review is to evaluate this research and present important findings to allow the selection of the most appropriate graft source
when considering allograft versus autograft reconstruction. 相似文献
170.
Previously reported attenuation of skin postural vasoconstriction in women during the luteal menstrual cycle phase may be
due to a progesterone-mediated decrease in myogenic or veno-arteriolar (VAR) mechanisms. Skin perfusion was measured in the
shin and foot dorsum by Laser Doppler Fluxometry during leg dependency that increased vascular transmural pressure below (myogenic
constriction only) and above (myogenic and VAR) the 25 mmHg threshold for activation of the VAR, and during venous distension
to activate the VAR alone (cuff inflation to 50 mmHg). In six young women with normal menstrual cycles, vasoconstrictor responses
to all interventions did not differ between days 7–13 (follicular) and 18–23 (luteal) of the normal menstrual cycle when progesterone
levels were low and at their peak respectively. In eight women taking combined oral contraceptives (OC) and tested during
pill consumption days, reductions in foot skin perfusion were smaller (P = 0.05) than in the luteal phase of the normal cycle for leg dependency below (−36.9 ± 5.2% OC vs. −52.5 ± 7.8% luteal, mean ± S.E.M.)
and above (−43.7 ± 3.4% OC vs. −55.1 ± 4.8% luteal) the VAR threshold, and for venous distension (−53.1 ± 2.6% OC vs. 66.4 ± 5.5%
luteal). In women with normal menstrual cycles, impaired postural vasoconstriction may be confined to those who experience
pre-menstrual symptoms rather than a direct effect of endogenous hormones. Reduced vasoconstriction in the dependent foot
during OC use is consistent with the known vasodilator action of exogenous hormones and its long-term effects 相似文献