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81.
Modern population based oral health management requires a complete understanding of the impact of disease in order to provide efficient and effective oral health care and guidance. Periodontitis is an important cause of tooth loss and has been shown to be associated with a number of systemic conditions. The impact of oral conditions and disorders on quality of life has been extensively studied. However, the impact of periodontitis on quality of life has received less attention. This review summarizes the literature on the impact of periodontitis on oral health‐related quality of life (OHRQoL). Relevant publications were identified after searching the MEDLINE and EMBASE electronic databases. Screening of titles and abstracts and data extraction was conducted. Only observational studies were included in this review. Most of the reviewed studies reported a negative impact of periodontitis on OHRQoL. However, the reporting standards varied across studies. Moreover, most of the studies were conducted in developed countries. 相似文献
82.
Shi Y Cao J Gao J Zheng L Goodwin A An CH Patel A Lee JS Duncan SR Kaminski N Pandit KV Rosas IO Choi AM Morse D 《American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine》2012,186(5):412-419
Rationale: The discovery that retinoic acid-related orphan receptor (Rora)-α is highly expressed in lungs of patients with COPD led us to hypothesize that Rora may contribute to the pathogenesis of emphysema. Objectives: To determine the role of Rora in smoke-induced emphysema. Methods: Cigarette smoke extract in vitro and elastase or cigarette smoke exposure in vivo were used to model smoke-related cell stress and airspace enlargement. Lung tissue from patients undergoing lung transplantation was examined for markers of DNA damage and Rora expression. Measurements and Main Results: Rora expression was induced by cigarette smoke in mice and in cell culture. Gene expression profiling of Rora-null mice exposed to cigarette smoke demonstrated enrichment for genes involved in DNA repair. Rora expression increased and Rora translocated to the nucleus after DNA damage. Inhibition of ataxia telangiectasia mutated decreased the induction of Rora. Gene silencing of Rora attenuated apoptotic cell death in response to cigarette smoke extract, whereas overexpression of Rora enhanced apoptosis. Rora-deficient mice were protected from elastase and cigarette smoke induced airspace enlargement. Finally, lungs of patients with COPD showed evidence of increased DNA damage even in the absence of active smoking. Conclusions: Taken together, these findings suggest that DNA damage may contribute to the pathogenesis of emphysema, and that Rora has a previously unrecognized role in cellular responses to genotoxicity. These findings provide a potential link between emphysema and features of premature ageing, including enhanced susceptibility to lung cancer. 相似文献
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Cathy Catroppa Vicki A. Anderson Frank Muscara Sue A. Morse Flora Haritou Jeffrey V. Rosenfeld 《Neuropsychological rehabilitation》2013,23(5):716-732
Given that reading, spelling and arithmetic skills are acquired through childhood, their development may be compromised following a childhood traumatic brain injury (TBI). The present study examined educational skills (reading accuracy, spelling and arithmetic) at a mean follow-up interval of 6.8 years post-injury in children who had sustained a mild, moderate, or severe TBI at two ages: ‘Young’ (age at injury: 3–7 years, n = 48) and ‘Old’: (age at injury: 8–12 years, n = 36). Comparisons between the young and old TBI groups resulted in inconsistent findings. While a dose-response relationship for severity was evident for the young group, this was not always the case for the old group. Significant predictors of outcome included both severity and acute intellectual function. 相似文献
85.
Catroppa C Anderson VA Morse SA Haritou F Rosenfeld JV 《Journal of pediatric psychology》2007,32(3):354-369
OBJECTIVE: While a small number of research papers have reported findings on attentional deficits following pediatric traumatic brain injury (TBI), no study to date has reported findings in this area at 5 years post-TBI in very young children. This study examined attentional skills in a group of children who had sustained a mild, moderate, or severe TBI between the ages of 2 and 7 years. METHODS: The sample comprised 70 children, 54 of these had sustained a TBI and 16 the non-injured control group. Children were assessed 5 years post-TBI, with focus on tests of attentional ability. RESULTS: Attentional and processing speed (PS) deficits do occur and persist up to 5 years post-TBI, particularly following severe TBI in early childhood. Predictors of attentional outcomes varied depending on the component of attention investigated. CONCLUSIONS: Those skills developing or emerging at time of injury (e.g., sustained attention, shifting attention, divided attention, PS) are more compromised and may not develop at a normal rate of post-injury. 相似文献
86.
Michelle A. Banfield Alyssa R. Morse Amelia Gulliver Kathleen M. Griffiths 《Health research policy and systems / BioMed Central》2018,16(1):119
Background
The perspectives of mental health consumers and carers are increasingly recognised as important to the development and conduct of research. However, research directions are still most commonly developed without consumer and carer input. This project aimed to establish priorities for mental health research driven by the views of consumers and carers in Australia.Method
The project was conducted in two studies. Firstly, a face-to-face discussion forum held in the Australian Capital Territory (Study 1; n?=?25), followed by a national online survey (Study 2; n?=?70). Participants in both studies were members of the community who identified as a mental health consumer, carer or both. In Study 1, participants developed topics for mental health research in small group discussions, then voted on which topics, developed across all groups and sorted into thematic areas, were a priority. An online survey was developed from these research topics. Study 2 participants were asked to rate topics on a 5-point priority scale and rank the relative importance of the highest-rated topics.Results
At the forum, 79 topics were generated and grouped into 14 thematic areas. Votes on priorities were spread across a large number of topics, with the greatest overall support for research relating to integrating care that is sensitive to past experiences of trauma into mental health service delivery (trauma-informed care). Survey responses were similarly spread, with the majority of research topics rated as important by at least 50% of participants and no clear individual priorities for research identified. Amongst items rated as important by approximately 80% of participants, key research areas included the delivery of services, and consumer and carer involvement.Conclusions
Australian mental health consumers and carers demonstrate a strong understanding of the mental health system and its inadequacies. Although clear specific priorities are difficult to establish, consistent areas of focus are services and the role consumers and carers can play in their improvement. However, for consumer and carer views to be at the forefront of research, it is important to regularly update research agendas and work in partnership across the whole research process.87.
Adiponectin Is a Candidate Biomarker of Lower Extremity Bone Density in Men With Chronic Spinal Cord Injury 下载免费PDF全文
Ashley L Doherty Ricardo A Battaglino Jayne Donovan David Gagnon Antonio A Lazzari Eric Garshick Ross Zafonte Leslie R Morse 《Journal of bone and mineral research》2014,29(1):251-259
Adipose tissue is a major regulator of bone metabolism and in the general population obesity is associated with greater bone mineral density (BMD). However, bone‐fat interactions are multifactorial, and may involve pathways that influence both bone formation and resorption with competing effects on the skeleton. One such pathway involves adipocyte production of adipokines that regulate bone metabolism. In this study we determined the association between BMD, walking status, and circulating adipokines (adiponectin and leptin) in 149 men with chronic spinal cord injury (SCI). Although adipokine levels did not vary significantly based on walking status, there was a significant inverse association between adiponectin and BMD in wheelchair users independent of body composition. We found no association between adiponectin and BMD in the walkers and no association between leptin and BMD in either group. These findings suggest that for subjects with chronic SCI, walking may mitigate the effect of adiponectin mediated bone loss. For wheelchair users, adipose‐derived adiponectin may contribute to SCI‐induced osteoporosis because the osteoprotective benefits of obesity appear to require mechanical loading during ambulation. © 2014 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research. 相似文献
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89.
Talakad G. Lohith Rong Xu Tetsuya Tsujikawa Cheryl L. Morse Kacey B. Anderson Robert L. Gladding Sami S. Zoghbi Masahiro Fujita Robert B. Innis Victor W. Pike 《Synapse (New York, N.Y.)》2014,68(12):613-623
The serotonin subtype‐4 (5‐HT4) receptor, which is known to be involved physiologically in learning and memory, and pathologically in Alzheimer's disease, anxiety, and other neuropsychiatric disorders—has few radioligands readily available for imaging in vivo. We have previously reported two novel 5‐HT4 receptor radioligands, namely [methoxy‐11C](1‐butylpiperidin‐4‐yl)methyl 4‐amino‐3‐methoxybenzoate; [11C]RX‐1), and the [18F]3‐fluoromethoxy analog ([18F]RX‐2), and in this study we evaluated them by PET in rhesus monkey. Brain scans were performed at baseline, receptor preblock or displacement conditions using SB 207710, a 5‐HT4 receptor antagonist, on the same day for [11C]RX‐1 and on different days for [18F]RX‐2. Specific‐to‐nondisplaceable ratio (BPND) was measured with the simplified reference tissue model from all baseline scans. To determine specific binding, total distribution volume (VT) was also measured in some monkeys by radiometabolite‐corrected arterial input function after ex vivo inhibition of esterases from baseline and blocked scans. Both radioligands showed moderate to high peak brain uptake of radioactivity (2–6 SUV). Regional BPND values were in the rank order of known 5‐HT4 receptor distribution with a trend for higher BPND values from [18F]RX‐2. One‐tissue compartmental model provided good fits with well identified VT values for both radioligands. In the highest 5‐HT4 receptor density region, striatum, 50–60% of total binding was specific. The VT in receptor‐poor cerebellum reached stable values by about 60 min for both radioligands indicating little influence of radiometabolites on brain signal. In conclusion, both [11C]RX‐1 and [18F]RX‐2 showed positive attributes for PET imaging of brain 5‐HT4 receptors, validating the radioligand design strategy. Synapse 68:613–623, 2014 . © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. 相似文献
90.
Ava Kwong BSc MBBS PhD FRCS Wai Wang Chau BSc MSc Oscar W. K. Mang MSc CStat Connie H. N. Wong MSc BSc Dacita T. K. Suen MBBS R. Leung MBCHB MRCP Kerry Wong BSc MBiostats Andrea Lee Catherine Shea MBBS Elliot Morse Stephen C. K. Law MBBS FRCR 《Annals of surgical oncology》2014,21(4):1246-1253