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排序方式: 共有191条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
42.
Rachel L. W. Hanson Heidi A. Baseler Archana Airody Antony B. Morland Richard P. Gale 《Investigative ophthalmology & visual science》2022,63(5)
PurposeThe aim of this study was to assess both retinal and cortical structure in a cohort of patients with long-term acquired central retinal disease in order to identify potential disease biomarkers and to explore the relationship between the anterior and posterior visual pathways.MethodsFourteen participants diagnosed with long-term central retinal disease underwent structural assessments of the retina using spectral-domain optical coherence tomography, including macular ganglion cell layer (GCL) and peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer (pRNFL) thickness. Structural magnetic resonance imaging was used to measure visual cortex, including cortical volume of the entire occipital lobe and cortical thickness of the occipital pole and calcarine sulcus, representing the central and peripheral retina, respectively.ResultsMean thickness was significantly reduced in both the macular GCL and the inferior temporal pRNFL across patients. Cortical thickness was significantly reduced in both the occipital pole and calcarine sulcus, representing the central and peripheral retina, respectively. Disease duration significantly correlated with GCL thickness with a large effect size, whereas a medium effect size suggests the possibility that cortical thickness in the occipital pole may correlate with visual acuity.ConclusionsLong-term central retinal disease is associated with significant structural changes to both the retina and the brain. Exploratory analysis suggests that monitoring GCL thickness may be a sensitive biomarker of disease progression and reductions in visual cortical thickness may be associated with reduced visual acuity. Although this study is limited by its heterogeneous population, larger cohort studies would be needed to better establish some of the relationships detected between disease dependent structural properties of the anterior and posterior visual pathway given the effect sizes reported in our exploratory analysis. 相似文献
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Polyethylene glycol (PEG, 4%)-precipitated macromolecular IgG isolated from the sera of 20 patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and 15 control subjects was analyzed for its IgG isotype concentration by single radial immunodiffusion. PEG precipitates from SLE sera had higher mean levels of IgG1, IgG2 and IgG3 and lower IgG4 than PEG precipitates isolated from normal sera although only the IgG2 levels were significantly different. Using an anti-complementary assay there was a significant correlation between the ability of parent sera to fix complement and the absolute levels of PEG precipitable IgG1, IgG2 and IgG3. These data suggest that the ability of immune complexes in the sera of patients with SLE to fix complement is dependent on their IgG subclass composition. 相似文献
46.
The primary purpose of the present investigation was to evaluate if the presence of ethanol increased lethality induced by
propoxyphene. A secondary aim was to study the effect of naloxone on propoxyphene lethality alone, and on the concomitant
administration of propoxyphene and ethanol. Male Wistar rats (210–330 g) were used as test animals. Propoxyphene (175 mg/kg)
and ethanol (2 g/kg) were administered by gastric intubation, naloxone (2 mg/kg) by subcutaneous injection. Four groups, each
consisting of 19 rats, received either of the following drug treatments: Propoxyphene, ethanol + propoxyphene, naloxone +
propoxyphene, and naloxone + ethanol + propoxyphene respectively. The drugs were given in the sequence mentioned at the beginning
of the experiment. Naloxone was also given 45 and 90 min later. Mortality was reduced to 42% in the group that received ethanol
and propoxyphene compared to 73% in the group that received propoxyphene only. Naloxone protected against lethality in both
groups. Some animals died despite naloxone administration, possibly due to a nonopioid cardiotoxic effect of propoxyphene
or its metabolite. An increase in the propoxyphene/norpropoxyphene (P/N) ratio due to an increase in the absolute concentrations
of propoxyphene and a decrease in the absolute levels of norpropoxyphene in blood, brain, and heart tissues was observed in
the ethanol + propoxyphene group, compared to the propoxyphene group. In the animals which died, the highest P/N ratio was
observed in brain tissue and the lowest in heart muscle. Despite the pharmacokinetic data obtained in this investigation indicating
impaired propoxyphene metabolism in the presence of ethanol, ethanol did not enhance propoxyphene-induced lethality. This
is also contrary to suggestions from previous studies. Our results demonstrate that at least in one species and at one dose
ratio (ethanol/propoxyphene) ethanol might reduce the lethality caused by propoxyphene alone. This suggests some kind of antagonism
between the two drugs, probably in the central nervous system.
The work was supported by the Norwegian Research Council for Science and the Humanities 相似文献
47.
How Schools Can Promote Healthy Development for Newly Arrived Immigrant and Refugee Adolescents: Research Priorities
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48.
Stephanie Y. Wells Lisa H. Glassman Alexander M. Talkovsky Miranda A. Chatfield Min Ji Sohn Leslie A. Morland Margaret-Anne Mackintosh 《Women's health issues》2019,29(1):72-79
Background
Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and sexual dysfunction commonly co-occur. Although sexual dysfunction is more prevalent among women and the negative impact of sexual dysfunction on quality of life is stronger in women compared with men, few studies examine the impact of evidence-based PTSD treatments on sexual functioning outcomes in women with PTSD. The current study examined the relationship between PTSD and sexual functioning among women trauma survivors to examine if sexual functioning improves after cognitive processing therapy (CPT).Procedures
A total of 126 civilian and veteran women were randomly assigned to receive CPT delivered via either office-based videoconferencing or traditional office-based care. PTSD outcomes were examined from before treatment to after treatment and sexual functioning outcomes were examined from before treatment to the 3-month follow-up. Multigroup structural equation modeling was used to compare changes in sexual functioning and PTSD scores over time. We also compared how sexual functioning changed after treatment among women who identified a sexual trauma as their index trauma compared with those with nonsexual index traumas.Findings
Greater baseline PTSD symptoms predicted poorer sexual satisfaction at baseline. Sexual satisfaction, arousal, and desire improved after CPT; veteran status and index trauma type (i.e., sexual vs. nonsexual) did not attenuate this relationship. Women who had greater decreases in PTSD symptoms experienced greater improvements in sexual satisfaction, arousal, and desire.Conclusions
The current study provides preliminary support that CPT treatment may improve sexual functioning in women trauma survivors. Clinicians should assess sexual functioning to promote disclosure and develop a treatment plan. 相似文献49.
S. E. Parkes S. Parke D. C. Mangham R. J. Grimer P. Davies B. J. Morland 《Paediatric and perinatal epidemiology》2010,24(5):470-478
Parkes SE, Parke S, Manghan DC, Grimer RJ, Davies P, Morland BJ. Fifty years of paediatric malignant bone tumours in the West Midlands, UK, 1957–2006: incidence, treatment and outcome. Paediatric and Perinatal Epidemiology 2010. Malignant bone tumours in the paediatric age group (0–14 years) are uncommon; various aetiological theories exist and few reports of incidence, age and sex distributions have been published. We examined the incidence of childhood malignant bone tumours in one large single region of the UK over an extended period of 50 years. The West Midlands specialist regional children's tumour registry holds data on all malignancies and benign brain tumours in children under 15 years in the West Midlands region, which has a population of around 1 million children. Demographic and clinical data have been abstracted and diagnoses reviewed by a panel of expert pathologists. During the period 1957–2006, 259 cases of malignant paediatric bone tumours were diagnosed. There were 153 osteosarcomas, 78 Ewing sarcomas and 28 other primary bone tumours. The overall age standardised rate was 4.66, with no increase over time, although there was a significant increase in the incidence of Ewing sarcomas in the period 1965–92. Sixty‐eight per cent of tumours were in patients over 10 years, whereas the incidence in patients under 10 years showed a non‐significant increase. Survival rates increased dramatically post‐chemotherapy introduction, with Ewing sarcoma demonstrating better survival overall. This is a large study giving an overview of malignant bone tumours in the childhood population of a single region over an extended period, showing results consistent with national reports. It also examines late effects, which were mostly mobility/orthopaedic, although almost one‐fifth of patients had cardiac problems and five went on to develop second malignancies. 相似文献