全文获取类型
收费全文 | 19154篇 |
免费 | 1085篇 |
国内免费 | 148篇 |
专业分类
耳鼻咽喉 | 223篇 |
儿科学 | 505篇 |
妇产科学 | 665篇 |
基础医学 | 2096篇 |
口腔科学 | 533篇 |
临床医学 | 1586篇 |
内科学 | 3804篇 |
皮肤病学 | 380篇 |
神经病学 | 889篇 |
特种医学 | 726篇 |
外国民族医学 | 11篇 |
外科学 | 3358篇 |
综合类 | 341篇 |
现状与发展 | 2篇 |
一般理论 | 11篇 |
预防医学 | 1645篇 |
眼科学 | 549篇 |
药学 | 1780篇 |
中国医学 | 138篇 |
肿瘤学 | 1145篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 17篇 |
2023年 | 249篇 |
2022年 | 779篇 |
2021年 | 1121篇 |
2020年 | 608篇 |
2019年 | 759篇 |
2018年 | 1022篇 |
2017年 | 599篇 |
2016年 | 628篇 |
2015年 | 638篇 |
2014年 | 898篇 |
2013年 | 1046篇 |
2012年 | 1521篇 |
2011年 | 1674篇 |
2010年 | 950篇 |
2009年 | 683篇 |
2008年 | 965篇 |
2007年 | 971篇 |
2006年 | 893篇 |
2005年 | 860篇 |
2004年 | 736篇 |
2003年 | 685篇 |
2002年 | 607篇 |
2001年 | 144篇 |
2000年 | 119篇 |
1999年 | 97篇 |
1998年 | 76篇 |
1997年 | 73篇 |
1996年 | 72篇 |
1995年 | 65篇 |
1994年 | 59篇 |
1993年 | 50篇 |
1992年 | 47篇 |
1991年 | 57篇 |
1990年 | 55篇 |
1989年 | 49篇 |
1988年 | 50篇 |
1987年 | 50篇 |
1986年 | 39篇 |
1985年 | 41篇 |
1984年 | 42篇 |
1983年 | 38篇 |
1982年 | 35篇 |
1981年 | 24篇 |
1980年 | 21篇 |
1978年 | 16篇 |
1977年 | 14篇 |
1976年 | 17篇 |
1974年 | 13篇 |
1973年 | 19篇 |
排序方式: 共有10000条查询结果,搜索用时 0 毫秒
71.
Nadine C. Milos Yanling Ma Parag V. Varma Michael P. Bering Zarina Mohamed Linda M. Pilarski Yvette N. Frunchak 《Anatomy and embryology》1990,182(4):319-327
Summary A monoclonal antibody has been produced againstXenopus laevis galactoside-binding neural-creststage lectin. This antibody inhibits lectin-mediated hemagglutination. Using this antibody
in conjunction with immunohistochemical techniques, lectin deposition has been studied in embryos and tadpoles at different
stages of morphogenesis, from initial neural crest migration, up to the formation of a swimming tadpole. Lectin levels change
during development in different regions of the embryo and tadpole, decreasing in migratory cells, and increasing in sites
where cells become more adhesive to one another. The results suggest that galactoside-binding lectins may be an important
class of cellular adhesion molecules during these stages of development. 相似文献
72.
Bedaiwy MA Goldberg JM Falcone T Singh M Nelson D Azab H Wang X Sharma R 《Human reproduction (Oxford, England)》2002,17(3):601-604
BACKGROUND: Oxidative stress mechanisms are involved in the pathophysiology of many reproductive disorders. The objective of this study was to characterize oxidative stress parameters in hydrosalpingeal fluid (HSF) and examine their possible role in early embryo development. METHODS AND RESULTS: HSF was aspirated at laparoscopic salpingectomy in 11 infertile women. Reactive oxygen species (ROS), total (non-enzymatic) antioxidant capacity (TAC) and lipid peroxidation (LPO) were assayed. Two-cell mouse embryos were incubated with 25, 50 or 75% HSF and the blastocyst development rate was observed. ROS was detected in five of 11 (45%) HSF samples with a mean of 4.2 x 10(4) c.p.m. LPO was detected in all samples at a mean (+/- SD) value of 5575.4 +/- 6091.9 micromol/l malonaldehyde. The mean blastocyst development rate at 25, 5+/- 0 and 75% HSF and in the control group was 88.9 +/- 9.4, 65.7 +/- 19.1, 45.7 +/- 5.7 and 96.7% respectively (P < 0.0001). The blastocyst development rate was positively correlated to ROS concentrations (P < 0.02) but was not significantly related to LPO. CONCLUSIONS: The blastocyst development rate decreased with increasing concentrations of HSF. For the first time, the presence of ROS, LPO and TAC activity in human HSF was characterized. A possible role of oxidative stress in the embryotoxicity of HSF is suggested. 相似文献
73.
A 71 year-old woman with a large tumor of the upper lobe of the left lung was diagnosed as having metastatic adrenal cortical carcinoma nine years after the initial adrenalo-nephrectomy. The patient was well with no recurrence for six years following resection of the single lung metastasis. 相似文献
74.
Mohamed Chahine Paul B. Bennett Alfred L. George Jr Richard Horn 《Pflügers Archiv : European journal of physiology》1994,427(1-2):136-142
Full-length deoxyribonucleic acid, complementary (cDNA) constructs encoding the-subunit of the adult human skeletal muscle Na+ channel, hSkM1, were prepared. Functional expression was studied by electrophysiological recordings from cRNA-injectedXenopus oocytes and from transiently transfected tsA201 cells. The Na+ currents of hSkM1 had abnormally slow inactivation kinetics in oocytes, but relatively normal kinetics when expressed in the mammalian cell line. The inactivation kinetics of Na+ currents in oocytes, during a depolarization, were fitted by a weighted sum of two decaying exponentials. The time constant of the fast component was comparable to that of the single component observed in mammalian cells. The block of hSkM1 Na+ currents by the extracellular toxins tetrodotoxin (TTX) and -conotoxin (CTX) was measured. The IC50 values were 25 nM (TTX) and 1.2 M (CTX) in oocytes. The potency of TTX is similar to that observed for the rat homolog rSkM1, but the potency of CTX is 22-fold lower in hSkM1, primarily due to a higher rate of toxin dissociation in hSkM1. Single-channel recordings were obtained from outside-out patches of oocytes expressing hSkM1. The single-channel conductance, 24.9 pS, is similar to that observed for rSkM1 expressed in oocytes. 相似文献
75.
Bernard Boutevin Yves Pitrasanta Mohamed Taha 《Macromolecular chemistry and physics.》1982,183(12):2985-2993
A kinetic study of the redox telomerization of vinyl chloride with carbon tetrachloride was carried out. Transfer constants of PVC to the metallic ion (CFen), initiation rate (ki), and functionnality of the resulting telomers were measured. Instantaneous and cumulated polymerization degrees, (DPn )i and (DPn )cum were determined with the help of a theoretical study. These constants provide a rigorous control of the telomerization of vinyl chloride with RCCl3, (R containing an alcohol or ester group). 相似文献
76.
77.
Relationship between ROS production, apoptosis and DNA denaturation in spermatozoa from patients examined for infertility 总被引:24,自引:0,他引:24
Moustafa MH Sharma RK Thornton J Mascha E Abdel-Hafez MA Thomas AJ Agarwal A 《Human reproduction (Oxford, England)》2004,19(1):129-138
BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to examine the role of apoptosis and reactive oxygen species (ROS) in inducing DNA damage in ejaculated spermatozoa. METHODS: We examined ejaculated spermatozoa from 31 patients examined for infertility and 19 healthy donors for apoptosis, production of ROS and DNA damage using annexin V binding, chemiluminescence assay and sperm chromatin structure assay. RESULTS: The percentage of spermatozoa that underwent apoptosis in the whole ejaculate and mature fraction was higher in the patients than in the donors (P<0.001 and P=0.009, respectively). Levels of ROS in the whole ejaculate and immature fraction were higher in the patients than in the donors (P=0.002 and P=0.009). Apoptosis was significantly correlated with ROS within patients in the whole ejaculate [r (95% confidence interval)=0.53 (0.19-0.86)] and in the mature [0.71 (0.39-1.00)] and immature spermatozoa [0.75 (0.45-1.00)]. Only apoptosis and the DNA fragmentation index (DFI) were significantly correlated within patients in the whole ejaculate [0.57 (0.18-0.97)]. CONCLUSIONS: DNA damage may be induced by oxidative assault. Apoptosis may not contribute significantly to the DNA damage. 相似文献
78.
Mohamed HS Ibrahim ME Miller EN Peacock CS Khalil EA Cordell HJ Howson JM El Hassan AM Bereir RE Blackwell JM 《Genes and immunity》2003,4(5):351-355
Longitudinal studies in Sudan show ethnic differences in incidence and clinical phenotypes associated with Leishmania donovani. Immunologically, bias in type 1 vs type 2 cytokine responses is important. To determine whether polymorphisms at IL4/IL9 or IFNGR1 contribute to susceptibility, we examined 59 multicase families of visceral leishmaniasis (VL) with/without post Kala-azar dermal leishmaniasis (PKDL). Multipoint nonparametric analysis (Allegro) linked IL4/IL9 to VL per se (P=0.002). Transmission disequilibrium testing with robust variance estimates confirmed association in the presence of linkage between VL per se and IL4 (P=0.008) but not IL9. Stepwise logistic regression analysis showed both IL4RP2 and IL4RP1 markers contributed significantly to the association, suggesting a common disease-associated haplotype. In contrast, IFNGR1 was linked (P=0.031) and associated (P=0.007) to PKDL but not VL or VL per se. Hence, polymorphism in a type 2 cytokine gene influences underlying susceptibility to VL, whereas IFNGR1 is specifically related to susceptibility to PKDL. 相似文献
79.
80.
Favorably tipping the balance between cytopathic and regulatory T cells to create transplantation tolerance 总被引:23,自引:0,他引:23
Therapeutic application of broadly reactive anti-T cell antibodies can lead not only to potent immunosuppression but also to profound and long-lived T cell depletion. We reasoned that a strategy that almost exclusively targets activated cytopathic donor reactive T cells and spares immunoregulatory networks might prove to be an exceptionally potent and highly selective means of producing long-term engraftment and tolerance. Herein we show that the combined administration of rapamycin and agonist IL-2- and antagonist IL-15-related cytolytic fusion proteins provides for long-term engraftment/tolerance in exceptionally stringent allotransplant models by (1) limiting the early expansion of activated T cells, (2) preserving and even exaggerating their subsequent apoptotic clearance, and (3) further amplifying the depletion of these activated T cells by antibody-dependent mechanisms, while (4) preserving CD4+CD25+ T cell-dependent immunoregulatory networks. 相似文献