前列腺素E1对尸体肾移植术后肾功能延迟恢复的影响

目的探讨前列腺素E1(PGE1)应用于尸体肾移植术后肾功能延迟恢复(DGF)患者对移植肾功能恢复的影响.方法回顾性分析因急性排斥(AR)和急性肾小管坏死(ANT)导致DGF的127例临床资料,其中应用PGE1治疗56例(PGE1组),未用PGE1者71例(对照组).比较两组在出现DGF后的透析治疗时间、肾功能恢复情况、彩超的移植肾血流阻力指数(RI)及6个月内AR发生率.结果与对照组比较,PGE1组透析治疗时间明显缩短(P＜0.05),移植肾的血肌酐下降速度快(P＜0.05),RI及6个月内AR发生率低(P＜0.05).结论PGE1有利于尸体肾移植术后DGF患者移植肾功能的早期恢复,并能降低AR的发生率.     

吸烟对健康人血液流变学影响的观察

本文报道对59例健康吸烟者血液流变学9项指标的观察,并与非吸烟组进行比较。吸烟组的血小板粘附率、红细胞压积和全血粘度均较非吸烟组升高,差异非常显著(P<0.001)血浆比粘度在大量吸烟组升高,差异有显著性(P<0.05)说明吸烟使部份血粘滞因素升高,给血液的流变性带来不利影响。不同吸烟量的两组之间各项指标变化无显著差异。本文对发生机制及临床意义略加讨论。     

橄榄油对单核吞噬细胞系统的影响

本文采用橄榄油皮下注射、观察其对小鼠腹腔单核吞噬细胞的游出、活化及吞噬功能。结果发现、橄榄油对上述功能均有明显的抑制作。     

c-myc mRNA在成釉细胞瘤中的表达

目的:研究成釉细胞瘤(AB)和牙源性角化囊肿(OKC)中c-mycmRNA的表达,探讨c-myc在AB和OKC中的发生、发展及其生物学意义。方法:使用原位杂交法检测54例AB、16例OKC和7例口腔正常黏膜(NOM)组织中c-mycmRNA的表达,并将AB按原发、复发、恶变分组,结果使用χ2检验进行统计分析。结果:AB、OKC及NOM组织中c-mycmRNA的阳性表达率分别为81.5%(44/54)、75.0%(12/16)和14.3%(1/7),3组比较有显著性差异(χ2=15.488,P<0.05)。原发组AB中c-mycmRNA的阳性表达率为71.0%,复发组为94.7%,恶变组为100.0%,伴随原发、复发、恶变,差异有显著性(χ2=16.912,P﹤0.05)。结论:c-myc表达在AB的发生、发展中有重要作用;c-mycmRNA的表达与AB的临床生物学行为有关,伴随其生物学行为变化,c-mycmRNA表达增强;提示c-myc有可能成为评价预后的有效指标。     

Mechanism of uptake and retention of F-18 BMS-747 158-02 in cardiomyocytes: a novel PET myocardial imaging agent

Background BMS-747158-02 is a novel fluorine 18-labeled pyridazinone derivative designed for cardiac imaging. The uptake and retention mechanisms of F-18 BMS-747158-02 in cardiac myocytes were studied in vitro, and the biodistribution of F-18 BMS-747158-02 was studied in vivo in mice. Methods and Results Fluorine 19 BMS-747158-01 inhibited mitochondrial complex I (MC-I) in bovine heart submitochondrial particles with an IC₅₀ of 16.6±3 nmol/L that was comparable to the reference inhibitors of MC-1, rotenone, pyridaben, and deguelin (IC₅₀ of 18.2±6.7 nmol/L, 19.8±2.6 nmol/L, and 23.1±1.5 nmol/L, respectively). F-18 BMS-747158-02 had high uptake in monolayers of neonatal rat cardiomyocytes (10.3%±0.7% of incubated drug at 60 minutes) that was inhibited by 200 nmol/L of rotenone (91%±2%) and deguelin (89%±3%). In contrast, an inactive pyridaben analog, P-0 (IC₅₀ value>4 μmol/L in MC-1 assay), did not inhibit the binding of F-18 BMS-747158-02 in cardiomyocytes. Uptake and washout kinetics for F-18 BMS-747158-02 in rat cardiomyocytes indicated that the time to half-maximal (t_1/2) uptake was very rapid (approximately 35 seconds), and washout t_1/2 for efflux of F-18 BMS-747158-02 was greater than 120 minutes. In vivo biodistribution studies in mice showed that F-18 BMS-747158-02 had substatial myocardial uptake (9.5%±0.5% of injected dose per gram) at 60 minutes and heart-to-lung and heart-to-liver ratios of 14.1±2.5 and 8.3±0.5, respectively. Positron emission tomography imaging in the mouse allowed clear cardiac visualization and demonstrated sustained myocardial uptake through 55 minutes. Conclusions F-18 BMS-747158-02 is a novel positron emission tomography cardiac tracer targeting MC-I in cardiomyocytes with rapid uptake and slow washout. These characteristics allow fast and sustained accumulation in the heart.     

护理业务流程再造现状分析及对策

目的了解护士对护理业务流程再造的知晓度及需求,找出流程再造存在的问题,针对存在问题提出相应的对策。方法采用问卷调查方法,调查广东省16所县级以上医院287名护士对护理业务流程再造的认识情况。结果护士对护理流程再造的知晓现状与临床状况不尽人意;护士认为进行护理流程优化再造是必要的和重要的;现有的护理流程存在的问题是流程流于形式、不完善及实用性不强。结论要进行护理流程再造,必须转变观念,加强在职培训,设计精简、方便、实用的护理流程。     

输尿管口囊肿的微创手术治疗

目的评价输尿管口囊肿的微创手术治疗方法及其疗效。方法回顾性分析25例行经尿道电切（TURU）手术治疗输尿管口囊肿患者资料。男9例，女16例；年龄18—61岁，平均38岁；单侧18例，双侧7例；单纯输尿管囊肿22例，异位输尿管囊肿3例。结果25例患者手术一次成功22例，手术平均时间15min，术后平均住院3d。术后定期B超、膀胱造影随诊，随诊时间1—9年，3例异位输尿管囊肿合并重复肾、输尿管畸形患者存在术后膀胱输尿管返流，2例再次行开放手术后痊愈。结论TURU是治疗成人输尿管口囊肿的有效方法；当合并存在重复肾输尿管畸形或术后膀胱输尿管返流时，应采用输尿管膀胱抗返流手术。     

APTT测定值和APTT测定值比率的临床应用价值探讨

目的;探讨APIT测定值(秒)和APIT测定值比率中哪一种是更稳定、更可靠的临床应用指标。方法:将同一标本采用法国STA-Compat全自动血凝仪以及两种手工法同时测定,比较同组标本不同方法的APTT测定值(秒)和APTT测定值比率。结果:手工法(一)与法国STA-Compact全自动血凝仅比较,如APTT值以秒表示,对照组、口服抗凝剂组及肝病组病人同组标本不同方法之间存在显著性差异(P<0.01,P0.10,P>0.50,P>0.05);手工法(二)与法国STA-Compact全自动血凝仪在对照组、口服抗凝剂组及白血病组的比较中,也获得类似的结果。结论:将APTT测定值(秒)转化为病人与对照APTT测定值比率报告,使不同方法结果间更具可比性。在APTT报告的标准化方面,建议将APTT和APTT测定值比率同时报告。     

细胞移植用于心肌修复--细胞心肌成形术的研究进展

由于心肌细胞的增殖能力很低，细胞移植作为一种新的治疗方法用于改善心功能及心肌活力已受到广泛的关注。目前已有胚胎干细胞、骨髓间充质干细胞和内皮干细胞在体外诱导分化为心肌细胞；动物实验中用于心肌移植的细胞有胚胎心肌细胞、造血干细胞、骨髓间充质干细胞、骨骼肌成肌细胞、内皮干细胞、肝干细胞和神经干细胞。其中成肌细胞移植用来改善心肌梗死后的心脏功能，已有临床报道，并取得成功。     

Reduced expression of CD69 and adhesion molecules of T lymphocytes in asthmatic children receiving immunotherapy

T lymphocytes play a fundamental role in the initiation and regulation of chronic inflammatory responses in patients with asthma. CD69 is an early marker of T‐cell activation. The levels of intercellular adhesion molecule‐1 (ICAM‐1, CD54) and L ‐selectin have been reported to increase in patients with allergic diseases and asthma. The present study was therefore undertaken to investigate the expression of CD69, CD54, and L ‐selectin by T lymphocytes of children with asthma, before and after immunotherapy. Eighteen children newly diagnosed with asthma, 11 good and nine poor responders to immunotherapy, and 16 normal subjects, were enrolled in this study. The percentages of CD69⁺, CD54⁺, and CD62L⁺ cells in T lymphocytes were measured by using flow cytometry. The levels of CD69, CD54, and CD62L in serum and culture supernatants were determined by using enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The expression of CD69 and CD54 on CD3⁺ T lymphocytes was significantly higher in children with asthma than in control patients. All the patient groups expressed (spontaneously and following stimulation with phorbol myristate acetate and ionomycin together with mite‐extract proteins) greater amounts of CD69 and CD54 than did control subjects. With long‐term immunotherapy, the percentages of CD69⁺ and CD54⁺ T lymphocytes were significantly lower in patients with a good response to immunotherapy. Our results also showed significantly lower serum L ‐selectin levels following immunotherapy. In conclusion, successful immunotherapy resulted in decreased expression and production of CD69 and CD54. These results may explain, in part, the clinical efficacy of immunotherapy.