335例术后全身炎症反应综合征的临床分析

【目的】了解手术创伤对术后全身炎症反应综合征 (SIRS)的影响。【方法】搜集外科重症监护室 (SICU) 335例患者的术后资料 ,分析不同手术组SIRS发病率 ;手术时间、失血量与SIRS持续时间的关系 ;SIRS持续时间与术后并发症的关系。【结果】术后SIRS发病率为 75 8% ,大手术高达 92 4 % ;无并发症患者失血量与SIRS持续时间呈正相关 (r1=0 783,P<0 0 1) ,手术时间与SIRS持续时间呈正相关 (r2 =0 398,P <0 0 1) ;随着SIRS持续时间延长 ,并发症发病率显著增高 (P<0 0 5 )。【结论】术后SIRS发生、发展与手术创伤密切相关 ;监测SIRS进程有助于及早发现并发症     

5例胸腰段脊柱前路手术并发症分析

目的：分析胸腰段脊柱前路手术入路并发症，以提高胸腰段脊柱前路手术的水平，方法：对近4年来我科53例胸腰段脊柱前路手术出现的5例并发症进行回顾性分析，探讨并发症发生的原因。结果；本组病例1例发生腹膜后乳糜液漏，1例切口疝，1例气胸，2例深静脉血栓栓塞，经过积极治疗，全部治愈。结论：胸腰段脊柱前路手术并发症的发生大多数和术者对该段解剖知识，手术操作，认识程度和经验有关，可以避免或及早发现。     

抗前列腺增生药SL—89．0519—08的合成

目的：研究治疗前列腺增生的α1－受体拮抗剂SL－89．0519－08的合成路线。方法：以5－氯－2－甲氧基苯胺为原料，经环合，烃化，脱保护基和亲核取代等步骤，合成了目标化合物，同时对原料合成工艺进行了摸索。结果：合成的目标化合物经IR，^1HMNR,EI-MS和HRMS得以确证。结论：该合成工艺和路线适宜工业化生产。     

外科护理文书存在的风险及管理对策

对外科护理文书的风险细节管理中存在的问题进行阐述，提出强化外科护士的法律意识，树立风险源于细节的管理意识，保证护理文书记录的科学性、及时性、准确性及真实性，注重护患沟通，提高护理质量是降低护理风险，避免医疗纠纷发生的关键。     

放射线联合p53基因及内皮抑素治疗小鼠前列腺癌皮下移植瘤

Objective To test the hypothesis that p53 gene therapy combined with endostatin can enhance tumor response to radiation therapy of RM-1 mouse xenograft prostate cancer and to investigate its mechanism. Methods A mouse prostate cancer model was established. Then mice with xenograft tumor were randomly divided into group A (control), B (radiation), C (radiation and rAdp53), D (radiation and rh-endostatin) and E (radiation and rAdp53 and rh-endostatin). On day 1, rAdp53 was injected intra-tumorously with 1 × 1010 vp per animal to group C and E. From day 1 to 14, rh-endostatin was given 15 mg/kg intraperitoneally daily to group D and E. On day 4 single fraction of 15 Gy was given to tumors in groups B, C, D and E. Normal saline was injected intra-tumorously or intraperitoneaUy accordingly as control. No treatment was done to group A. Tumor volume was measured daily. Samples were collected on Days 5, 10 and 15. Ki67, CD31, p53 and VEGF were detected by means of immunohistochemistry. Results (1) Radiation alone, radiation combined with intra-tumorous injection of Adp53 and/or intraperitoneal injection of rh-endostatin resulted in tumor growth arrest of RM-1 cells in vivo (P = 0.000). Radiation combined with both rAdp53 and rh-endostatin was the most effective treatment (P < 0.05). (2) All the four treatment groups had a decreased expression of mutant type P53 (P = 0.000). The expression of Ki67 in groups B and C were equal (P 0.05) and increasing (P = 0.000), respectively. Group D had a up-down-up curve (P < 0.05), but group E had a up-down one. On day 5 the expresion of VEGF in group E was the lowest (P < 0.05). An increased expression of MVD compared with the control was shown, and MVD in groups C, D and E were always higher than that in the control (P < 0.05). Conclusions The limitation of radiotherapy could be overcome by combination with beth p53 gene therapy and endostatin on the growth of mouse prostate cancer cell. Radiation, rAdp53 and endostatin have their own role but they can be interacted with each other.     

乳腺良恶性病变的磁共振T2*W首过灌注成像与血管生成相关性研究

Objective： To study the diagnostic value of T2^＊-weighted first-pass perfusion imaging in breast tumors. Methods： We analyzed the magnetic resonance imaging （MRI） information along with the pathological and immunohistochemistry results. Magnetic resonance imaging was performed in 28 patients with breast tumor. The time to signal intensity curves were generated according to the T2^＊-weighted first-pass perfusion imaging. The curve＇s maximal signal intensity drop rate and maximal signal intensity decrease time were analyzed and compared with the pathological diagnoses after surgery. Results： Malignant breast lesions showed higher maximal signal intensity drop rate （44.69% ± 17.07 vs. 17.22% ±7.49, P 〈 0.001） than benign lesions, but there was no significant difference of maximal signal decrease time between those two lesions （23.94 s ± 4.92 vs. 20.02 s ± 6.83, P 〉 0.05）. Conclusion： The T2^＊-weighted first-pass perfusion imaging has enough sensitivity and specificity in breast tumor diagnosis.     

生物瓣膜失功能原因分析

目的对植入人体内1年以上损坏的生物瓣膜作损坏原因的临床分析。方法1993年6月至2004年6月,共41例(47只)生物瓣膜失功能病人行再次手术换瓣。两次换瓣间隔时间1~16年,平均(9.7±4.1)年。对失功能生物瓣膜进行标本观察及病理学检测。结果47只带支架生物瓣膜中,瓣架无一损坏,42只瓣膜发生瓣叶撕裂或穿孔,35只有不同程度的钙化现象,且在瓣环表面和瓣脚周围有纤维组织增生,2只瓣膜有赘生物及血栓形成;47只生物瓣膜中损坏较重的瓣膜送病理学检查发现大量吞噬细胞和单核细胞浸润。结论生物瓣膜早期损坏以破损撕裂为主,晚期以钙化和破损撕裂等多种因素的复合病损结果出现。     

腭裂修复术腭咽肌肉重建与否的鼻咽内窥镜的比较观察

目的通过是否进行腭咽肌肉重建的两组腭裂修复术后患者鼻咽内窥镜的比较观察,了解腭咽部肌肉重建术后腭咽闭合状况的改变。方法将41例腭裂术后患者,按照在腭裂修复时是否进行腭咽肌肉重建分为重建组(22例)和非重建组(19例),以鼻咽纤维内窥镜记录静态和发音时腭咽闭合运动状况,对两组患者腭咽闭合运动类型和状况进行比较。结果重建组静态腭咽腔形态较非重建组明显缩小,各壁光滑丰满,未见软腭鼻腔面V型缺损畸形;动态时以环状闭合为主。非重建组静态腭咽腔形态较大,可见软腭鼻腔面V型缺损畸形;动态时以冠状闭合为主。经比较重建组腭咽闭合良好率(90.91%)明显优于非重建组(37.31%)。结论鼻咽内窥镜观察证实腭咽肌肉重建腭裂修复术后腭咽闭合功能恢复明显优于非重建组。腭裂修复术时重建腭咽肌肉有助于缩小腭咽腔和更易于达到良好的腭咽闭合状态。     

危重患者经外周静脉置入中心静脉导管的临床研究——前瞻性随机对照研究

目的 比较经外周静脉置入中心静脉导管(peripherally inserted central catheter,PICC)与经锁骨下静脉中心静脉置管在危重患者中的临床应用.方法 通过前瞻性随机对照研究方法,将80例ICU危重患者分为PICC组(40例)和锁骨下静脉组(40例),观察两组穿刺成功率、穿刺时间、穿刺不良反应发生率等.结果 PICC组较锁骨下静脉组一次穿刺成功率高(92.5%vs 75.0%,χ2=4.501,P=0.034),穿刺时间短[(15.7±5.3)min vs(23.9±6.3)min,t=-6.263,P=0.000],总不良反应发生率低(10.0%vs 27.5%,χ2=4.021,P=0.045).结论 PICC穿刺简便易行,危险性小,在危重患者中PICC置管优于锁骨下静脉置管.