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51.
Anthony L Bui Rouselle F Lavado Elizabeth K Johnson Benjamin PC Brooks Michael K Freeman Casey M Graves Annie Haakenstad Benjamin Shoemaker Michael Hanlon Joseph L Dieleman 《Bulletin of the World Health Organization》2015,93(8):566-576D
Objective
To collect, compile and evaluate publicly available national health accounts (NHA) reports produced worldwide between 1996 and 2010.Methods
We downloaded country-generated NHA reports from the World Health Organization global health expenditure database and the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) StatExtract website. We also obtained reports from Abt Associates, through contacts in individual countries and through an online search. We compiled data in the four main types used in these reports: (i) financing source; (ii) financing agent; (iii) health function; and (iv) health provider. We combined and adjusted data to conform with OECD’s first edition of A system of health accounts manual, (2000).Findings
We identified 872 NHA reports from 117 countries containing a total of 2936 matrices for the four data types. Most countries did not provide complete health expenditure data: only 252 of the 872 reports contained data in all four types. Thirty-eight countries reported an average not-specified-by-kind value greater than 20% for all data types and years. Some countries reported substantial year-on-year changes in both the level and composition of health expenditure that were probably produced by data-generation processes. All study data are publicly available at http://vizhub.healthdata.org/nha/.Conclusion
Data from NHA reports on health expenditure are often incomplete and, in some cases, of questionable quality. Better data would help finance ministries allocate resources to health systems, assist health ministries in allocating capital within the health sector and enable researchers to make accurate comparisons between health systems. 相似文献52.
Berry?J.?van?HollandEmail author Remko?Soer Michiel?R.?de?Boer Michiel?F.?Reneman Sandra?Brouwer 《International archives of occupational and environmental health》2015,88(4):389-402
Objective
To investigate the effectiveness of occupational health interventions in the meat processing industry on work and health-related outcomes.Methods
A systematic literature review was performed. PubMed, Embase, and The Cochrane Library were searched. Studies were included when they reported on an intervention among employees in the meat processing industry and with outcomes related to work or health. Studies were assessed on risk of bias, and data were synthesized by type of intervention.Results
A total of 13 articles reporting on two randomized controlled trials and nine non-randomized intervention studies were retrieved. Studies were categorized into three topics: ergonomics programs, skin protection, and Q fever vaccination. All studies had high risk of bias. Based on four studies, there was limited evidence for workplace health and safety programs showing reductions in musculoskeletal injury severity, reduction of lost work days, and reduction of costs and claims for several musculoskeletal disorders. There was limited evidence for added rest breaks resulting in improved productivity at the end of a workday and in reductions of perceived discomfort in various body regions at the end of the workday. One study on skin protection showed reductions of eczema prevalence, although evidence was moderate. Based on four studies, there was high-quality evidence for strong effectiveness of Q fever vaccination.Conclusion
This review presents evidence for the effectiveness of a variety of workplace interventions. There was limited evidence for effectiveness of ergonomic interventions, moderate evidence of a skin protection intervention, and strong evidence for Q fever vaccination.53.
Michiel J. Vanfleteren Maud Koopman Martijn A. Spruit Herman-Jan Pennings Frank Smeenk Willem Pieters Jan J. van den Bergh Arent-Jan Michels Emiel F. Wouters Miriam T. Groenen Frits M. Franssen Lowie E. Vanfleteren 《Archives of physical medicine and rehabilitation》2018,99(11):2279-2286.e3
Objective
To evaluate the effect of pulmonary rehabilitation (PR) on exercise performance and quality of life in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) with different degrees of static lung hyperinflation (LH).Design
Retrospective cohort study.Setting
PR network.Participants
A cohort of 1981 patients with COPD (55% men; age: 66.8±9.3y; forced expiratory volume in the first second%: 50.7±19.5; residual volume [RV]%: 163.0±49.7).Intervention
An interdisciplinary PR program for patients with COPD consisting of 40 sessions.Main Outcome Measures
Participants were stratified into 5 quintiles according to baseline RV and were evaluated on the basis of pre- and post-PR 6-minute walk distance (6MWD), constant work rate test (CWRT), and Saint George’s Respiratory Questionnaire (SGRQ), among other clinical parameters.Results
With increasing RV quintile, patients were younger, more frequently women, had lower forced expiratory volume in the first second%, lower body mass index and fat-free mass index, shorter 6MWD, shorter CWRT, and worse SGRQ scores (P<.01). All RV strata improved after PR in all 3 outcomes (P<.001). Nevertheless, higher, compared to lower RV categories, had lower ΔCWRT (P<.01) but similar Δ6MWD (P=.948) and ΔSGRQ (P=.086) after PR.Conclusions
LH in COPD is related to younger age, female sex, lower body weight, worse exercise capacity and health status, but did not prevent patients from benefitting from PR. LH, however, influences walking and cycling response after PR differently. 相似文献54.
55.
Kerstens MN van der Kleij FG Boonstra AH Sluiter WJ Koerts J Navis G Dullaart RP 《The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism》2003,88(9):4180-4185
We studied cortisol metabolism together with insulin sensitivity [homeostatic model assessment (HOMA)] and renal hemodynamics in 19 salt-resistant (sr) and nine salt-sensitive (ss) normotensive subjects after a low- and high-salt diet. Results are described as high- vs. low-salt diet. Sum of urinary cortisol metabolite excretion (sum(metabolites)) increased in sr subjects (3.8 +/- 1.6 vs. 3.1 +/- 1.1 microg/min per square meter, P < 0.05) and decreased in ss subjects (2.3 +/- 1.0 vs. 2.9 +/- 1.1 microg/min per square meter, P < 0.05). Plasma 0830 h cortisol decreased in sr subjects but did not change significantly in ss subjects. In all subjects, the absolute blood pressure change correlated negatively with the percentage change in sum(metabolites) (P < 0.05) and positively with the percentage change in renal vascular resistance (P < 0.05). Sum(metabolites) during high-salt diet correlated negatively with the percentage changes in plasma 0830 h cortisol (P < 0.05) and renal vascular resistance (P = 0.05). HOMA did not change in either group, but the percentage change in HOMA correlated positively with the percentage change in plasma cortisol (P = 0.001) and negatively with the percentage change in sum(metabolites) (P < 0.01). Parameters of 11 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase activity were not different between groups and did not change. In conclusion, these data suggest that cortisol elimination is affected differently after salt loading in sr and ss subjects. Changes in circulating cortisol might contribute to individual sodium-induced alterations in insulin sensitivity. 相似文献
56.
57.
58.
Hanna IJspeert Adilia Warris Michiel van der Flier Ismail Reisli Sevgi Keles Sandra Chishimba Jacques J.M. van Dongen Dik C. van Gent Mirjam van der Burg 《Human mutation》2013,34(12):1611-1614
DNA double‐strand break repair via non‐homologous end joining (NHEJ) is involved in recombination of immunoglobulin and T‐cell receptor genes. Mutations in NHEJ components result in syndromes that are characterized by microcephaly and immunodeficiency. We present a patient with lymphopenia, extreme radiosensitivity, severe dysmaturity, corpus callosum agenesis, polysyndactily, dysmorphic appearance, and erythema, which are suggestive of a new type of NHEJ deficiency. We identified two heterozygous mutations in LIG4. The p.S205LfsX29 mutation results in lack of the nuclear localization signal and appears to be a null mutation. The second mutation p.K635RfsX10 lacks the C‐terminal region responsible for XRCC4 binding and LIG4 stability and activity, and therefore this mutant might be a null mutation as well or have very low residual activity. This is remarkable since Lig4 knockout mice are embryonic lethal and so far in humans no complete LIG4 deficiencies have been described. This case broadens the clinical spectrum of LIG4 deficiencies. 相似文献
59.
Liselotte S. S. Ooms Inez K. B. Slagt Frank J. M. F. Dor Hendrikus J.A.N. Kimenai Khe T. C. Tran Michiel G. H. Betjes Jan N. M. IJzermans Türkan Terkivatan 《Transplant international》2015,28(11):1326-1331
The aim of this study was to evaluate the role of ureteral length on urological complications. Data were retrospective collected from the INEX‐trial database, a RCT to compare the intravesical to the extravesical ureteroneocystostomy. Ureteral length was measured in 198 recipients and used to divide recipients into three categories based on interquartile ranges: short (≤8.5 cm), medium (8.6–10.9 cm) and long ureters (≥11 cm). Urological complications were defined as the number of percutaneous nephrostomy placements (PCN). Fifty recipients fell into the short, 98 into the medium and 50 recipients into the long ureter category. Median follow‐up was 26 (range 2–45) months. There was no significant difference in number of PCN placements between the categories. There were 9 (18%) PCN placements in the short ureter category, 21 (20%) in medium ureter category and 10 (21%) in the long ureter category, P = 0.886. Risk factor analysis for gender, arterial multiplicity and type of ureteroneocystostomy showed no differences in PCN placements between the three ureteral length categories. We conclude that ureteral length alone does not seem to influence the number of urological complications. 相似文献
60.