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61.
Baba R Kubo N Morotome Y Iwagaki S 《The Journal of sports medicine and physical fitness》1999,39(3):202-206
BACKGROUND: To elucidate the intertest agreement of the oxygen uptake efficiency slope (OUES) in comparison with those of the maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max) and the ventilatory anaerobic threshold (VAT). METHODS: Experimental design: A comparative study. Setting: Institutional practice. A total of 19 healthy volunteers underwent two sessions of maximal exercise testing with an interval of no more than 7 days. The testing was conducted on a cycle ergometer with the work rate increased by either 20, 30, or 40 Watts (W)/min so that the subject would reach exhaustion within 9 to 12 min of exercise. VAT was defined as the level of oxygen uptake (VO2) at which either an increase in the ventilatory equivalent for oxygen without a concomitant increase in the ventilatory equivalent for carbon dioxide or a change in the slope of the linear relationship between carbon-dioxide production (VCO2) and VO2 occurred. OUES was determined by the following equation: VO2 = a log VE + b, where VE was minute ventilation and "a" was the OUES. Intertest reproducibility was assessed by coefficient of repeatability (COR). RESULTS: The intertest reproducibility of VO2max and OUES were excellent (COR = 570 ml/min [16%] and 740 [20%], respectively). VAT showed poor agreement between the two tests (COR = 650 ml/min [31%]). CONCLUSIONS: Results show that OUES is reproducible and reliable, supporting the clinical usefulness of this index. 相似文献
62.
Nakagawa A Kamiyama Y Matsui Y Nakagawa M Araki H Kasamatsu S Wei T Okuda Y Kitade H Kamiya T Noro T Kubo N Nakase Y 《European surgical research. Europ?ische chirurgische Forschung. Recherches chirurgicales européennes》1999,31(5):371-379
Temperature changes and their distribution induced by 13.56-MHz radiofrequency (RF) heating of agar phantom and porcine and rabbit liver were investigated. It was possible to produce selective local heating of approximately 50 degrees C in the RF field of 2 x 2 x 2 cm(3) of the pig or rabbit liver. Coagulation necrosis after heating became pronounced and the margin between the coagulated lesion and normal tissue became clearer with time. Within 1 week after RF heating at 50 degrees C for 20 min, the coagulated area was replaced selectively and totally by necrotic tissue. 相似文献
63.
K Higuchi T Kubo S Tsuji E Mukai T Tsukamoto S Morita 《Yakugaku zasshi : Journal of the Pharmaceutical Society of Japan》1999,119(10):710-730
We developed pharmaceutical management and guidance services for inpatients in a ward of circulatory medicine, considering clinical and economical standpoints. In these services, pharmacists deliver drugs prescribed for inpatients with individual drug information papers, explain to them about their drugs using information papers and give counsel. Since most of the patients were aged people, developing many kinds of diseases and taking many kinds of drugs, they had many problems such as lack of knowledge of the effects of drugs. First, we surveyed views of patients, physicians and nurses on these services. Consequently, all of them advised us that "pharmacists should explain to patients about the prescribed drugs using information papers." The patients preferred pharmacists as expositors of drugs to physicians or nurses. The physicians considered that "pharmacists have to attach importance to clinical information and package-inserts of drugs and explain to patients about drug information using pamphlet in response to the understanding of patients." The nurses wanted to cooperate with pharmacists in "improving medication compliance." On the basis of these views, we improved our services. Next, we made a survey of patients' knowledge about their drugs. We found that in the patients the level of knowledge concerning "ways," "effects" and "reasons" of taking drugs and that of "compliance" and "satisfaction in taking drugs" were improved through these services. The patients reentered in the hospital kept a high level. The ratio of patients taking drugs by themselves increased. Last, we also applied this method to wards of "blood and collagen diseases" and "pediatrics." The demand for these services increased smoothly. We compared these services based on our method with all other services by hospital pharmacists from the viewpoint of economy. We found that only our service method was beneficial. 相似文献
64.
2-Hydroxy-4-methoxybenzaldehyde: a potent tyrosinase inhibitor from African medicinal plants 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
By bioassay-guided fractionation using mushroom tyrosinase (EC 1.14.18.1), 2-hydroxy-4-methoxybenzaldehyde was characterized as the principal tyrosinase inhibitor from three East African medicinal plants, the root of Mondia whitei (Hook) Skeels (Asclepiaceae), the root of Rhus vulgaris Meikle (Anacardiaceae), and the bark of Sclerocarya caffra Sond (Anacardiaceae). It inhibited the oxidation of L-3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine (L-DOPA) by mushroom tyrosinase with an ID50 of 4.3 micrograms/ml (0.03 mM). The inhibition kinetics analyzed by a Lineweaver-Burk plot found this simple benzaldehyde derivative to be a mixed type inhibitor for this oxidation and affects on the enzyme in several ways. Based on finding this potent tyrosinase inhibitor, various related analogues were also tested in order to gain new insights into their inhibitory functions on a molecular basis. 相似文献
65.
Shibun Ra Hikaru Aoki Tomoaki Fujioka Fumio Sato Takashi Kubo Naoki Yasuda 《The Journal of urology》1996,156(2):522-525
Purpose
It is well established that hyperprolactinemia, most typically seen in prolactinoma patients, causes hypogonadism and impotence. There seem to be a good possibility that hyperprolactinemia causes impotence, at least partially via some intrinsic property of prolactin (PRL), rather than through its suppressive effects on the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal testosterone dynamics. In the present investigation, we used an in vitro canine model to attempt to clarify whether direct action of PRL on the corpus cavernosum penis may lead to erectile insufficiency. Growth hormone (GH) and placental lactogen (PL), both having close structural and functional homologies to PRL, were also studied.Materials and Methods
Isometric tension measurement with cavernous strips was performed in the presence or absence of 10 sup -5 to 10 sup -9 M. PRL, GH, or PL in the perfusion medium. The tension change induced by the test substances was normalized relative to that induced by 120 mEq KCl.Results
Both PRL and GH produced dose-related elevations (p less than 0.01) of the cavernous tension, whereas PL and thiol-cleaved PRL in comparable doses were without effect (p greater than 0.05). When the tension rise produced by 120 mEq KCl was taken as 100 percent, the maximum contractions produced by PRL and GH were 80 percent and 110 percent. The minimum effective concentration was 10 sup -8 to 10 sup -7 M. for both PRL and GH. Pretreatment with indomethacin (10 sup -5 M.), but not tetrodotoxin (10 sup -5 M.), partially suppressed (p less than 0.05) the effects of PRL.Conclusion
These results suggest that PRL and GH directly and specifically produced contraction of the corpus cavernosum penis, resulting in erectile insufficiency, and that the effect of PRL is partially mediated by prostaglandin. 相似文献66.
Two children with intractable fecal incontinence after correction of high anorectal malformations were successfully managed by the daily administration of a glycerin enema into the cecum via an appendicocecostomy or tubularized cecostomy, according to the method of Malone's antegrade continence enema (ACE). Fluoroscopic defecography performed during this procedure in each patient disclosed that the glycerin enema promptly evoked cecal peristalsis, which was transmitted to the distal colon and rectum, and squeezed out almost all the fecal matter, evacuating it from the anus. However, two enemas within a short interval were required to achieve a complete washout of feces. Although this report describes only two patients, our experience confirmed that the ACE was very effective and that adding the word continence to antegrade enema was justifiable. Moreover, fluoroscopic defecography was proven to play a significant role in determining the appropriate regimens of this technique to achieve complete washout of the feces. 相似文献
67.
A Double-Blind Controlled Study of Clinical Efficacy of Maprotiline and Amitriptyline in Depression 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Shosuke Watanabe M.D. Shigeo Yokoyama M.D. Shinsuke Kubo M.D. Hiroyuki Iwai M.D. Chie Kuyama M.D. 《Psychiatry and clinical neurosciences》1978,32(1):1-31
A multiclinic double-blind controlled study was performed on the effects of MAP in both inpatients and outpatients with AMT as control drug.
- 1 Subjects consisted of 41 male and 45 female patients suffering from various types of depression. MAP was assigned to 42 cases and AMT to 44 cases. Of these patients, 14 MAP cases and 10 AMT cases were subsequently dropped for a variety of reasons to obtain 28 MAP cases and 34 AMT cases as evaluable.
- 2 The global improvement ratings were compared and found not significantly different for any week between the two treatments.
- 3 The global improvement ratings by the characteristic features of patients did not show any significant difference in any items studied between the two treatments.
- 4 The symptomatic improvement ratings (on the Hamilton R.S. for assessment by the physician) indicated that AMT was more effective on “anxiety (psychic).”
- 5 The symptomatic improvement ratings (on the Beck self-assessment scale by the patient) indicated that MAP was more effective on “work” and AMT on “pathos”, “feeling of satisfaction”, “withdrawal” and “loss of libido.”
- 6 During the treatment period, 74.3 percent of the MAP group and 76.9 percent of the AMT group of patients showed some side effects or accompanying symptoms, with no significant difference recognized between the two treatments. Itemwise, however, the incidence of tremor was significantly lower (p-=0.06) in the MAP group. Moreover, the MAP group tended to be less liable to such anti-cholinergic side effects as dry mouth, constipation, trouble of accommodation, urinary disturbance and palpitation.
- 7 On the basis of the above findings, it is concluded that MAP is as effective against depression as AMT and less liable to the anticholinergic side effects. It is, therefore, a very useful antidepressant.
68.
A rare case of cranial fasciitis in a 1-year-old boy arising in the temporoparietal bone has been described. In 1990, Lauer and Endinger first reported cranial fasciitis, which is a benign subcutaneous tumor of the head developing from the deep fascia or the cranial periosteum and showing a pathological finding characterized by proliferation of fibroblasts. They described this tumor as "cranial fasciitis of childhood" in view of a high incident in infants and child. Cranial fasciitis grows rapidly in the scalp without pain, but its mean size is 2.5-3cm. Cranial fasciitis is closely related a clinical course and pathological findings to nodular fasciitis, which is also a benign proliferative fibroblast tumor developing from the subcutaneous muscular layers of the trunk and extremities (especially, the forearms), which was reported by Konwaler in 1955. However, cranial fasciitis differs from nodular fasciitis in that it is associated with the skull bone and, in many cases, the tumor destroys the inner and outer table of the skull and adheres to the dura mater. Cranial fasciitis should be considered to be a variant of nodular fasciitis. Neurosurgeons should be aware of this entity in the differential diagnosis of a firm lesion of the scalp in children. A brief review of the literature disclosed only 17 cases in the world. This case report is the first one of cranial fasciitis in Japan. 相似文献
69.
During the past 8 yr, 37 patients with a noncorrectable type of biliary atresia have undergone hepatic portoenterostomy or portocholecystostomy at the Kobe Children's Hospital. The hepatic portal dissections employed in this series were classified as "supraportal" (9 procedures), "portal" (25 procedures), and "infra-portal" (3 procedures) based on the level at which the fibrous mass at the porta hepatis was transsected as determined by the operative record and the pathologic findings. Successful biliary drainage was achieved in 19 out of 25 patients (76%) with a "portal" type of dissection, while 1 out of 9 with "supra-portal" and none out of 3 with "infra-portal" type dissections were successful in this respect. Of the 19 patients who achieved significant biliary flow, 8 have lived for 2--7 yr without jaundice and 3 others are jaundice-free for shorter intervals. 相似文献
70.
A 16-year-old female presented with a rare case of subepicranial varix in the left temporal area manifesting as a soft mass in the left temporal area when she laid down in the left lateral position. Bulging of the mass was observed when intracranial venous pressure was raised by the Valsalva maneuver, the left lateral position, or the prone position. Bone window computed tomography (CT) revealed a tiny hole, 1 mm in diameter, in the outer bone table. Three-dimensional CT (3D-CT) angiography clearly visualized a mass with a diameter of approximately 10 mm connected to the diploic vein. The mass was totally resected by operation. Venous bleeding was observed from the tiny hole. Histological examination revealed a venous lesion mimicking sinus pericranii and containing endothelial cells. No communication with the intracranial venous sinuses was identified, so the diagnosis was subepicranial varix. Radiological examination by direct injection of contrast medium is usually performed to identify subepicranial varix, but 3D-CT angiography is a non-invasive preoperative examination that can visualize this small venous lesion. Adjustment of the CT acquisition conditions may allow 3D-CT angiography to identify sinus pericranii in the future. 相似文献