Treatment of horizontal root‐fractured maxillary incisors – a case report

Abstract – Traumatic dental injuries often occur to the teeth and their supporting tissues and they are the main reasons for emergency visit to a dental clinic. Management of a fracture depends on its position and the extent of root involvement. Horizontal root fractures are not seen frequently and the treatment consists of reduction and long‐term rigid fixation of the coronal segment. The present case demonstrates the successful management of two horizontally fractured maxillary central incisors with a follow‐up period of 9 months.     

Modified Nile red staining method for improved visualization of neutral lipid depositions in stratum corneum.

The neutral lipids existing in the intercellular spaces of the stratum corneum (SC) provide a permeability barrier to prevent water loss. Nile red is the most sensitive lipid stain for tissue sections. However, due to the extremely flattened morphology of corneocytes and the resolution limits of the light microscope, Nile red staining is seldom used as a fluorescent probe for the lipid-rich SC. In this study, we modified the traditional method for visualization of intracellular lipid by adding 4% potassium hydroxide after Nile red staining. This modified method not only allowed visualization of lipids existing in the intercellular membrane regions and the lateral junctions of the adjoining corneocytes, but also clearly demonstrated small lipid droplets within pathological corneocytes. These features were not observed with the traditional staining method. Thus, this modified Nile red staining method greatly improved the resolution of the SC lipids under light microscopy and should be useful for studying lipid depositions in both normal and pathological SC.     

乳房聚丙烯酰胺水凝胶取出术的手术配合

对81例患者行乳房内聚丙烯酰胺水凝胶（PAHG）取出术。结果手术均获成功，手术时间1．5～5．5h，平均2．6h。术中出血量90～1080ml，平均645．0ml。住院时间7～15d，平均8．9d。无血肿、感染等并发症，MRI复查PAHG清除率均达95．0％。提出术前加强心理护理并完善术前准备，术中密切监测生命体征和出入量，及时补充血容量，保证手术野照明，充分灌洗手术腔隙，减少PAHG在体内残留等措施是保证手术成功的重要环节。     

刺鼠信号蛋白对自体移植皮片中酪氨酸酶的活性影响

目的 检测刺鼠信号蛋白对自体移植皮片中酪氨酸酶的活性影响,进一步认识自体移植皮片过度色素沉着的原因。方法 建立过度色素沉着的自体移植皮片的动物模型；利用免疫组织化学方法分别检测刺鼠信号蛋白作用前后自体移植皮片中酪氨酸酶的表达,并与对照治疗组及正常皮肤相比较。结果 酪氨酸酶的表达定位于表皮基底部黑色素细胞的胞浆,在大部分组织中呈阳性表达,经刺鼠信号蛋白作用后酪氨酸酶在自体移植皮片中的表达明显减少,与在其他各对照组中的表达差异有极显著意义（P＜0.01）。结论 刺鼠信号蛋白在自体移植皮片中能竞争性拮抗α-MSH的黑色素合成,使皮片着色能力降低,从而证明皮片移植后表皮细胞中α-MSH的表达上调是皮片呈过度色素沉着的重要原因。     

中西医结合治疗小儿急性肾小球肾炎临床观察

急性肾小球肾炎为临床常见病，多发于少年儿童，男性多见。西医除对症处理外，无特效药物，中药治疗本病可明显缩短病程。笔者自2003年1月至2006年1月用清热利湿解毒汤治疗急性肾小球肾炎60例取得确切疗效，现报道如下。     

Low HDL‐cholesterol is common in European Type 2 diabetic patients receiving treatment for dyslipidaemia: data from a pan‐European survey

Aims To measure the prevalence of low high‐density lipoprotein (HDL)‐cholesterol (men < 1.03 mmol/l; women < 1.29 mmol/l) in European Type 2 diabetic patients receiving treatment for dyslipidaemia. Methods The pan‐European Survey of HDL‐cholesterol measured lipids and other cardiovascular risk factors in 3866 patients with Type 2 diabetes and 4436 non‐diabetic patients undergoing treatment for dyslipidaemia in 11 European countries. Results Diabetic patients were more likely to be obese or hypertensive than non‐diabetic patients. Most patients received lifestyle interventions (87%) and/or a statin (89%); treatment patterns were similar between groups. Diabetic patients had [means (SD)] lower HDL‐cholesterol [1.22 (0.37) vs. 1.35 mmol/l (0.44) vs. non‐diabetic patients, P < 0.001] and higher triglycerides [2.32 (2.10) vs. 1.85 mmol/l (1.60), P < 0.001]. More diabetic vs. non‐diabetic patients had low HDL‐cholesterol (45% vs. 30%), high triglycerides (≥ 1.7 mmol/l; 57% vs. 42%) or both (32% vs. 19%). HDL‐cholesterol < 0.9 mmol/l was observed in 18% of diabetic and 12% of non‐diabetic subjects. Differences between diabetic and non‐diabetic groups were slightly greater for women. LDL‐ and total cholesterol were lower in the diabetic group [3.02 (1.05) vs. 3.30 mmol/l (1.14) and 5.12 (1.32) vs. 5.38 mmol/l (1.34), respectively, P < 0.001 for each]. Conclusions Low HDL‐cholesterol is common in diabetes: one in two diabetic women has low HDL‐cholesterol and one diabetic man in four has very low HDL‐cholesterol. Management strategies should include correction of low HDL‐cholesterol to optimize cardiovascular risk in diabetes.     

Nerve growth factor and tyrosine kinase A in human salivary adenoid cystic carcinoma: expression patterns and effects on in vitro invasive behavior.

PURPOSE: Perineural invasion is a frequent occurrence in salivary adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC) and may prevent complete surgical resection. Studies have indicated that nerve growth factor (NGF) and its high-affinity receptor tyrosine kinase A (TrkA) may play a role in perineural invasion in several malignancies in which perineural invasion is observed. The present study was conducted to investigate the expression of NGF and TrkA in salivary ACC and to examine the effects of NGF on adhesion, migration and invasion capacities of a salivary ACC cell line (SACC-83) in vitro. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Expression of NGF and TrkA was explored using immunohistochemistry in paraffin-embedded tissues of 32 cases of salivary ACC. The effects of NGF on in vitro adhesion, migration, and invasion capacities of the SACC-83 cell line were examined using an MTT assay and a modified Boyden chamber assay respectively. RESULTS: In ACC specimens, 31 (96.9%) and 32 (100%) tumors showed immunoreactivity for NGF and TrkA respectively. Significant correlations were found between NGF/TrkA expression levels and perineural invasion (P < .05). In cell adhesion assay, the percent adherences of SACC-83 cells co-cultured with 25 ng/ml NGF at 1.5 hours and 5, 25 ng/ml NGF at 6 hours were significantly higher than that co-cultured with 0 ng/ml NGF (P < .05). However, high concentration of NGF (500 ng/ml) resulted in a significant inhibition of invasion (P < .05). CONCLUSION: Overexpression of NGF and TrkA in human salivary ACC tissues may constitute a reason for perineural invasion in salivary ACC.