择期手术患儿禁食禁饮时间现状及研究进展

通过中国知网（CNKI）和万方数据库等检索相关文献,对择期手术患儿术前禁食、禁饮时间的研究现状及进展进行综述,提出术前禁食、禁饮时间过长,会对患儿产生不良影响,建议适当缩短择期手术患儿术前禁饮时间,在术前禁食4～6 h,术前2h饮清液体可改善患儿自身感受,减轻患儿不适,满足其机体需要,缓解口渴感,同时降低患儿发生脱水的风险,且不会增加呕吐及误吸的发生率。     

氯化三苯基四氮唑染色在高强度超声生物学焦域观测中的应用

目的：为高强度超声生物学焦域大体观测提供一种准确可靠,直观、快捷的方法。方法：采用高强度超声样机对离体宫和在体移植性兔宫体ＶＸ２肿瘤进行辐照,辐照后即刻肉眼直接观测焦域形态、位置及大小并与氯化三苯基四氮唑（简称ＴＴＣ）染色体未着色区进行比较,同时对ＴＴＣ染色后的着色区及未着色区组织进行光电镜检查。结果（１）肉眼直接观测到焦域的标本在ＴＴＣ染色后均出现了明确的未着色区,焦域形态,位置,大小与ＴＴＣ染     

A novel fluorescent digitonin derivative for non-invasive skin cholesterol detection: potential application in atherosclerosis screening

There is a great demand for the rapid and non-invasive atherosclerosis screening method. Cholesterol content in the epidermis of the skin is an early biomarker for atherosclerosis. Risk assessment of atherosclerosis can be achieved by measuring cholesterol in the epidermis. Here, we synthesised a new fluorescent digitonin derivative (FDD) for the non-invasive detection of skin cholesterol. The results of fluorescence spectroscopy studies indicated that the probe exhibited desirable selectivity for cholesterol. The proof-of-concept preclinical study confirmed that FDD can detect different concentrations of skin cholesterol; patients diagnosed with atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease and the at-risk atherosclerosis group exhibited higher skin cholesterol content than the normal group. The area under the ROC curve for distinguishing the normal/disease group was 0.9228 (95% confidence interval, 0.8938 to 0.9518), and the area under the ROC curve for distinguishing the normal/risk group was 0.9422 (95% confidence interval, 0.9178 to 0.9665). We anticipate that this non-invasive skin cholesterol test may be used as a risk assessment tool for atherosclerosis screening in a large population for further examination and intervention in high-risk populations.

Digitonin was used to synthesise a fluorescence probe for the non-invasive detection of skin cholesterol. This non-invasive skin cholesterol method may be used as a risk assessment tool for atherosclerosis screening in a large population.     

中西医结合治疗难治性消化性溃疡愈合质量的疗效观察

【摘要】目的观察中西医结合治疗难治性消化性溃疡愈合质量的临床疗效。方法将100例难治性消化性溃疡患者,随机分为2组。对照组50例给予西药兰索拉唑治疗,治疗组在对照组基础上加用健胃消炎颗粒治疗。治疗3个月后统计2组的临床疗效、溃疡愈合质量、幽门螺杆菌（Hp）根除效果及复发情况。结果治疗组总有效率96．0％,对照组82．O％,治疗组疗效优于对照组（P〈0．05）。胃镜下溃疡愈合情况及溃疡愈合质量,治疗组优于对照组,差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。2组治疗后Hp根除率比较差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。停药后6个月、9个月2组复发率比较差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）,治疗组明显低于对照组。结论采用中西医结合治疗难治消化性溃疡,能减轻患者的临床症状,促进溃疡愈合,提高溃疡愈合质量,降低复发率,疗效确切。     

聚酸酐-氨基葡聚糖作为干细胞载体的研究

研究聚酸酐-氨基葡聚糖三维载体材料对胎儿肝干细胞黏附及增殖的影响,寻找胎儿肝干细胞新的载体材料。采用改进的两步胶原酶灌注消化法加Percoll液不连续密度梯度离心的方法,分离胎儿肝干细胞。选取胎儿肝干细胞的传代细胞,种植于聚酸酐-氨基葡聚糖三维载体材料上。倒置显微镜下观察细胞的黏附和生长状况;计算细胞贴壁率;MTT法检测各组细胞的吸光度值(OD值);收集载体支架上细胞并计数。取细胞载体进行组织学切片,HE染色光镜下观察。在细胞培养第7 d进行免疫荧光化学染色和流式细胞仪检测。结果表明,聚酸酐-氨基葡聚糖三维载体能促进肝干细胞在材料内黏附并保持其在机体内的形态;载体材料内的肝干细胞功能活跃;在材料表面和三维空间内部培养的肝干细胞均能持续增殖;经过连续40 d共同培养聚酸酐-氨基葡聚糖三维载体对干细胞无毒性,人胎儿肝干细胞可以很好的贴附于聚酸酐-氨基葡聚糖三维载体支架上,细胞增殖活力良好,标志物持续表达,培养7 d得到的细胞数量增多19.7%。聚酸酐-氨基葡聚糖三维载体能促进肝干细胞的增殖,可作为肝干细胞的载体应用于肝脏组织工程。     

聚酸酐的合成及在生物医学上的应用

聚酸酐一类新型合成生物可降解高分子材料，由于具有良好的生物相容性、表面隔蚀降解性以及降解速度可调等优良性能，在医学前沿领域得到广泛的应用，本文综述了聚酸酐的发展情况，合成研究进展，对二十余年来聚酸酐在生物医学上的应用进行了总结，并对其研究开发前景提出展望。     

初中生自我中心与父母教养方式的相关研究

目的探索初中生自我中心与父母教养方式的关系。方法运用自我中心与父母教养方式量表对276名初中学生进行调查。结果①初中生自我中心在性别、是否独生上均不存在显著差异。②初中生假想观众与父母过分干涉、过分保护呈显著正相关。③初中生的个人神话水平与父、母情感温暖理解,父亲偏爱有显著正相关。结论国内初中生自我中心与其父母教养方式之间存在密切关系。     

Occupational exposure to diesel engine exhaust and serum cytokine levels

The International Agency for Research on Cancer has classified diesel engine exhaust (DEE) as a human lung carcinogen. Given that inflammation is suspected to be an important underlying mechanism of lung carcinogenesis, we evaluated the relationship between DEE exposure and the inflammatory response using data from a cross‐sectional molecular epidemiology study of 41 diesel engine testing workers and 46 unexposed controls. Repeated personal exposure measurements of PM_2.5 and other DEE constituents were taken for the diesel engine testing workers before blood collection. Serum levels of six inflammatory biomarkers including interleukin (IL)‐1, IL‐6, IL‐8, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)‐α, macrophage inflammatory protein (MIP)‐1β, and monocyte chemotactic protein (MCP)‐1 were analyzed in all subjects. Compared to unexposed controls, concentrations of MIP‐1β were significantly reduced by ～37% in DEE exposed workers (P < 0.001) and showed a strong decreasing trend with increasing PM_2.5 concentrations in all subjects (P_trend < 0.001) as well as in exposed subjects only (P_trend = 0.001). Levels of IL‐8 and MIP‐1β were significantly lower in workers in the highest exposure tertile of PM_2.5 (>397 µg/m³) compared to unexposed controls. Further, significant inverse exposure‐response relationships for IL‐8 and MCP‐1 were also found in relation to increasing PM_2.5 levels among the DEE exposed workers. Given that IL‐8, MIP‐1β, and MCP‐1 are chemokines that play important roles in recruitment of immunocompetent cells for immune defense and tumor cell clearance, the observed lower levels of these markers with increasing PM_2.5 exposure may provide insight into the mechanism by which DEE promotes lung cancer. Environ. Mol. Mutagen. 59:144–150, 2018. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.     

Assessment of endometrial receptivity during implantation window in women with unexplained infertility

Abstract

This study aimed to assess the endometrial receptivity during implantation window in women with unexplained infertility. A prospective study recruited 168 women with unexplained infertility and 169 fertile women. Ultrasonic parameters and biomarkers in the uterine fluid were detected. The endometrial vascularization index (VI), flow index (FI) and vascularization flow index (VFI) were significantly higher in fertile women as compared with unexplained infertile women, and the integrin αvβ3, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), and leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF) levels in uterine fluid were significantly higher in fertile women. The biochemical pregnancy rate, clinical pregnancy rate, and ongoing pregnancy rate in fertile women were 20.12%, 18.34%, and 17.75%, respectively, which were significantly higher compared with unexplained infertile women (7.14%, 5.36%, and 4.17%, respectively). Endometrial thickness (ET), endometrial volume (EV), VI, FI, and VFI measured by ultrasound, and the integrin αvβ3, VEGF, TNF-α, and LIF levels in uterine fluid were all significantly higher in pregnant women as compared with nonpregnant women. The best parameters of ultrasonic indicators for predicting endometrial receptivity in women with unexplained infertility were FI(AUC = 0.894, sensitivity 93.8%, and specificity 83.1%). Integrin αvβ3 had the best predictive value for endometrial receptivity among biomarkers in the uterine fluid (AUC = 0.921, sensitivity 96.7%, and specificity 89.5%). Women with unexplained infertility present declined endometrial receptivity. Endometrial ultrasonic parameters detected by three-dimensional power Doppler and biomarkers in the uterine fluid may be effective indicators to predict endometrial receptivity.     

生长因子作为评价胚胎质量的生物学标记物的研究

目的　研究表皮生长因子 (epidermalgrowthfactor,EGF)、转化生长因子 - β1(transforminggrowthfactor- β1,TGF -β1)、胰岛素样生长因子 -Ⅱ (insulin -likegrowthfactor-Ⅱ ,IGF -Ⅱ )做为评价小鼠胚胎质量生物学标志物的可能性。方法　取小鼠二细胞胚胎 ,分为正常和异常两组 ,体外培养至囊胚期 ,对胚胎的生长发育及着床能力进行形态学观测 ;检测胚胎培养液中三种生长因子的含量 ,研究生长因子含量与胚胎质量间的关系。结果　 1.正常组胚胎培养液中EGF、IGF -Ⅱ的含量显著高于异常组 ,且EGF含量与胚胎生长发育的形态学指标呈正相关 ,但与着床指标相关不显著 ;2 .IGF -Ⅱ与胚胎生长发育及着床指标均呈正相关。 3.TGF - β1的含量两组间差异无显著性。结论　胚胎培养液中EGF、IGF -Ⅱ含量测定可反映胚胎生长发育能力 ,IGF -Ⅱ还可反映胚胎着床能力 ,从而有利于了解胚胎功能状态及生存潜力 ,为胚胎质量的检测提供了一条新的思路