Investigation of melt agglomeration process with a hydrophobic binder in combination with sucrose stearate

The melt agglomeration process of lactose powder with hydrogenated cottonseed oil (HCO) as the hydrophobic meltable binder was investigated by studying the physicochemical properties of molten HCO modified by sucrose stearates S170, S770 and S1570. The size, size distribution, micromeritic and adhesion properties of agglomerates as well as surface tension, contact angle, viscosity and specific volume of molten HCO, with and without sucrose stearates, were examined. The viscosity, specific volume and surface tension of molten HCO were found to be modified to varying extents by sucrose stearates which are available in different HLB values and melt properties. The growth of melt agglomerates was promoted predominantly by an increase in viscosity, an increase in specific volume or a decrease in surface tension of the molten binding liquid. The agglomerate growth propensity was higher with an increase in inter-particulate binding strength, agglomerate surface wetness and extent of agglomerate consolidation which enhanced the liquid migration from agglomerate core to periphery leading to an increased surface plasticity for coalescence. The inclusion of high concentrations of completely meltable sucrose stearate S170 greatly induced the growth of agglomerates through increased specific volume and viscosity of the molten binding liquid. On the other hand, the inclusion of incompletely meltable sucrose stearates S770 and S1570 promoted the agglomeration mainly via the reduction in surface tension of the molten binding liquid with declining agglomerate growth propensity at high sucrose stearate concentrations. In addition to being an agglomeration modifier, sucrose stearate demonstrated anti-adherent property in melt agglomeration process. The properties of molten HCO and melt agglomerates were dependent on the type and concentration of sucrose stearate added.     

Restoring and replacing teeth in the aesthetic zone

Today with the continual advancement in all aspects of dentistry, the focus on aesthetic outcome has intensi-fied. It is true that with better knowledge and understanding in aesthetic treatment planning and smile analysis,we are now in a better position to address our patient's aesthetic and functional concerns. However, if old orconventional materials were used to treat these highly demanding patients, we are still not able to satisfy them ad-equately. It is with the combination of good diagnostic and treatment planning skills coupled with excellent mate-rial choices that gives us a better chance for success.     

胃癌大肠转移的X线钡灌肠表现

目的:分析胃癌大肠转移的X线钡灌肠表现。方法:104例胃癌入院术前检查发现结肠转移或胃癌术后转移入院治疗的病例。分析钡灌肠初次发现大肠转移征象的年龄、发现胃癌原发病变距初次发现大肠转移的间隔时间、转移病变的发生部位和病变造成的X线钡灌肠图像上的肠管变形和粘膜面的改变。结果:104例胃癌结肠转移,男67例,女37例。胃癌术前检查中发现结肠转移者32例,术后发现的大肠转移中,多数转移发生在手术后3年内(占91.3%)。胃癌原发灶的肉眼形态BorrmannⅢ型(28例)和BorrmannⅣ型(65例)者占89.4%,组织学中以低分化腺癌和印戒细胞癌为主要成分者占91.3%。X线钡灌肠检查显示大肠转移的好发部位为横结肠(80),其次为直肠(50)。转移灶可累及多节段肠管,其中横结肠中1/3段(47),横结肠左1/3(44),横结肠右1/3(39)和直肠腹膜返折之上(39)。X线显示肠管单侧变形者227处,双侧变形者96处。黏膜面表现为梳齿状黏膜纹聚集改变253处,颗粒结节状改变23处,外压性改变20处,弥漫性改变62处。结论:胃癌大肠转移的好发部位为横结肠和直肠,结肠黏膜面的梳齿状黏膜纹聚集为胃癌大肠转移的主要X线钡剂灌肠表现。     

Modified Nile red staining method for improved visualization of neutral lipid depositions in stratum corneum.

The neutral lipids existing in the intercellular spaces of the stratum corneum (SC) provide a permeability barrier to prevent water loss. Nile red is the most sensitive lipid stain for tissue sections. However, due to the extremely flattened morphology of corneocytes and the resolution limits of the light microscope, Nile red staining is seldom used as a fluorescent probe for the lipid-rich SC. In this study, we modified the traditional method for visualization of intracellular lipid by adding 4% potassium hydroxide after Nile red staining. This modified method not only allowed visualization of lipids existing in the intercellular membrane regions and the lateral junctions of the adjoining corneocytes, but also clearly demonstrated small lipid droplets within pathological corneocytes. These features were not observed with the traditional staining method. Thus, this modified Nile red staining method greatly improved the resolution of the SC lipids under light microscopy and should be useful for studying lipid depositions in both normal and pathological SC.     

盲肠结扎穿刺致豚鼠急性肺损伤动物模型建立

目的 研究败血性急性肺损伤的动物模型，并探讨其在急性肺损伤研究中的意义。方法 用盲肠结扎穿刺(CLP)法的豚鼠急性肺损伤模型，结合动脉血气分析、外周血白细胞计数、肺湿重／干重比值(W／D)及肺组织病理观察。结果 CLP模型中动物的症状和表现缓慢出现，逐渐恶化．最后导致败血性休克，于2d左右出现大量死亡。结论 用盲肠结扎穿刺的方法制作豚鼠急性肺损伤动物模型较大鼠内毒素性休克，表现更类似于人类的肠源性肺损伤，且症状缓慢发生，逐渐恶化，有利于观察和进行各种干预。     

骨科手术患者术中自体血回输的临床观察

目的:探讨骨科手术患者术中自体血回输的临床效果,以期能减少异体血的用量。方法:将骨科择期手术患者,术中随机分为自体血回输组,及异体血输血组,比较两组术后24h伤口引流量、血常规等情况。结果:两组患者手术顺利,自体血回输组术中均未用异体血,但少数患者术后发生低凝状态,输入异体血。结论:术中自体血回输能减少异体血输入量,但须适当补充新鲜血浆和凝血因子。     

侧方扩展型大肠肿瘤的X线特征

目的:探讨扩展型大肠肿瘤的X线与病理学特征。方法:分析了经组织病理学证实的46例54处病变的X线钡灌肠造影表现和内镜图像,将病变分为非结节扁平隆起、结节集簇性隆起和混合性结节集簇隆起3种类型,与病理组织学进行对照研究。结果:扩展型大肠肿瘤好发于直肠、盲肠和升结肠近段,组织病理学多为腺瘤或黏膜内癌,混合结节集簇隆起型病变癌变率高、浸润较深,且有进展期癌。结论:扩展型大肠肿瘤表面的形态改变,可以作为推测有无癌变与癌变浸润深度的指标。     

回盲部恶性肿瘤的诊治

目的：分析回盲部恶性肿瘤的诊断和治疗过程，总结经验．以期提高早期确诊率和患者生存率。方法：回顾性分析近5年53例住院治疗的回盲部恶性肿瘤患者的临床资料。结果：53例患者中腺癌、黏液腺癌50例，恶性淋巴瘤3例。首次确诊率为75．5％。误诊或延迟诊断的疾病主要为阑尾炎、阑尾脓肿，胆囊炎、胆石症、下消化道出血、贫血待查等。结论：60岁以上的老年患者为回盲部恶性肿瘤的主要人群，肿瘤类型主要为腺癌。尽管首发症状缺乏特异性，但提高警觉性，详细询问病史，通过大便隐血试验、钡灌肠或气钡双重造影、纤维结肠镜检查仍能有效的提高首次确诊率，积极手术冶疗，可显著改善患者的预后。     

正常人外周血淋巴细胞 IL—2受体免疫放射测定

采用~(125)I 标记小鼠抗人IL—2受体(P55)的抗Tac(CD_(25))单克隆抗体,成功地建立了人IL—2受体的免疫放射分析法,动态观察了人外周血淋巴细胞经PHA 刺激24、48和72h 后IL—2受体表达的时间曲线,通过Scatchard 作图分析表明~(125)I—抗Tac 单克隆抗体与PHA 活化的上述三个时间点的T 淋巴细胞的最大结合容量(B_(max))分别为43000位点/细胞、54000位点/细胞和61000位点/细胞。本研究为临床IL—2受体检测提供一种简便的免疫放射测定法。