The epidemiology and surveillance of blood lead in Taiwan (R.O.C.): A report on the PRESS-BLL project

 To monitor the lead hazards in industries and to investigate the prevalence of elevated blood lead levels (BLLs) in lead-exposed workers, a lead surveillance system (PRESS-BLLs) has been established and operated in Taiwan, Republic of China, since July 1993. A cohort of lead-exposed workers who received a periodic annual health examination at 55 accredited hospital laboratories was constructed. A total of 9807 separate BLL measurements were reported to the system in 1994. The mean BLL was 15.8 μg/dl in male workers and 11.6 μg/dl in female workers. The mean BLL of lead-exposed workers was significantly (P<0.05, z-test) higher than that of the general Taiwanese population (8.6 μg/dl for males and 6.7 μg/dl for females). In addition, the BLLs of 983 (10.0%) workers exceeded the regulatory action level (40 μg/dl for males; 30 μg/dl for females). The workplaces and homes of 57% of the workers with elevated BLLs were thoroughly investigated to determine the sources of lead contamination. These actions identified the causes of elevated BLLs and set up strategies to reduce workers’ lead exposure. The establishment of this occupational lead surveillance system represents a method for monitoring of lead hazards from occupational and environmental settings to prevent lead poisoning. The information acquired from the system can help in the setting up of a priority of prevention and the development of control measures. It is also useful for further monitoring of changes in the BLLs of the lead-exposed-worker cohort. The Health Department of Taiwan can use this information to evaluate the effectiveness of current industrial hygiene practice. Subjects with elevated BLLs have been medically treated and placed on long-term follow-up for sequelae. Received: 2 September 1996/Accepted: 29 November 1996     

颈椎脱位的闭合复位

1985年5月～1996年3月,我们经治34例单纯颈椎脱位患者,30例行Crutchfield颅骨牵引闭合复位,20例成功,占66.6％。在成功组中,牵引重量最大为18kg,无一例出现神经损害加重。不全瘫均有不同程度恢复。尸体头颅标本测定,Crutchfield颅骨牵引承受的最大抗拨出力为60.3kg,在治疗颈椎脱位时,颅骨牵引是安全有效的闭合复位方法。     

肾细胞癌伴静脉癌栓15例临床分析

１９８５～１９９４年治疗肾细胞癌伴静脉癌栓１５例。按癌栓水平分为肾型１０例，肝下型４例，肝上型１例。Ｂ超和ＣＴ检查总确诊率７３％。手术１４例均完整取出癌栓，术后１３例接受５－ＦＵ加ＭＭＣ方案化疗。随访３个月～５年，１例肝下型和２例肾型无瘤存活分别３６、４３、５２个月，余均在术后２年内死亡。认为Ｂ超与ＣＴ互补应用可基本确诊静脉癌栓，除肝上型和已有血管壁浸润者外大部分癌栓可采用松解游离同时渐渐拉出的方式取出，癌栓水平除肝上型外对预后影响不大。     

论神经在腧穴针感形成中作用

腧穴针感在针刺防治疾病过程中发挥着重要作用。本文从针刺作用的感受器,腧穴针感的外周传入神经,以及针感与中枢神经的关系,诸方面,列举大量实验结果和理论,阐明针感形成的物质基础是神经系统。     

Experimental Studyon Anti－tumor Effect of SplenocytesInduced by Anti－CD3McAb，PHA and IL－2

（沈张悦）（邵静芳）（王晓林）（朱慧芬）ＥｘｐｅｒｉｍｅｎｔａｌＳｔｕｄｙｏｎＡｎｔｉ－ｔｕｍｏｒＥｆｆｅｃｔｏｆＳｐｌｅｎｏｃｙｔｅｓＩｎｄｕｃｅｄｂｙＡｎｔｉ－ＣＤ３ＭｃＡｂ，ＰＨＡａｎｄＩＬ－２￥ＳＨＥＮＧｕａｎ－ｘｉｎ，ＷＡＮＧＸｉａｏ－ｌｉ...     

Study on lymphocyte activation and proliferation induced by anti-CD3 McAb

Summary T cell activation and proliferation via CD₃-TCR complex were investigated by lymphocyte DNA synthesis in vitro. Several interfering factors were also discussed. The result indicated that lymphocyte activation and proliferation are calciumdependent. A rise of cytoplasmic free Ca²⁺ quickly following activation with CD₃ McAb is mainly due to intracellular mobilization of Ca²⁺, while lymphocyte proliferation needs both intracellular mobilization of Ca²⁺ as well as influx of extracellular Ca²⁺. It was confirmed that CTX sensitive G protein plays a role in regulating T cell proliferation by pretreatment with CTX suppressing lymphocyte³H-TdR incorporation obviously. PLC and PKC inhibitor neomycin and P. S. S could also decrease T cell proliferation.     

Textual study on traditional Chinese drugs caodoukou and baidoukou]

Through a critical study of herbalogy, it is concluded that the mature seeds of Alpinia zermubet were used as caodoukou in ancient times. The original plant of Yutao recorded in Zhiwu Mingshi Tukao may be the species of Alpinia katsumadai. Baidukou used in ancient times may be the seeds of Alpinia katsumadai found in the south of China, or Amomum compactum and Am. kravanh imported from foreign countries.     

控制性降压在临床麻醉中的应用进展

控制性低血压是指在某些手术麻醉期间，用药物等方法降低血压，以达到减少手术野出血，便于手术操作的一种方法，通常采用血管扩张剂，钙通道阻断剂及麻醉来控制血压，现就这一领域的研究进展作一综述。