肺炎衣原体感染小鼠肺组织免疫组化表现

目的 :通过研究小鼠肺组织免疫组化 ,对肺炎衣原体肺炎的发病机制进行初步的探讨。　方法 :以肺炎衣原体鼻内或静脉接种Icr小鼠 ,在不同时间点处死动物 ,用免疫组化的方法检测小鼠肺炎衣原体肺炎急性期肺组织的病理改变。　结果 :小鼠吸入肺炎衣原体后第 3、7、14天 ,肺组织中肺炎衣原体的免疫过氧化酶染色呈阳性。炎性肺组织阳性染色呈不均一性 ,为局限性分布。肺炎衣原体抗原阳性表达主要在肺泡巨噬细胞、间质细胞以及支气管周围淋巴组织等部位。静脉接种组引起上述类似改变 ,但程度轻 ,肺炎衣原体抗原阳性表达主要集中在肺泡巨噬细胞及间质细胞中。　结论 :免疫组化法检测小鼠肺炎衣原体肺炎急性期肺组织的病理改变 ,有助于肺炎衣原体肺炎急性期的诊断。肺炎衣原体呼吸道局部感染比血行感染的病理改变更为严重     

对常规体外受精失败后补行卵胞浆内单精子注射的探讨

目的 探讨对可疑受精障碍的常规体外受精(IVF)周期在授精失败后补行卵胞浆内单精子注射(reacue ICSI)的时机及临床效果.方法 对2006年1月至2007年6月在我中心接受常规IVF助孕治疗,可能有受精障碍的13例患者,取卵后6h授精,4h后观察,发现所有卵母细胞均未排出第二极体,立即行补救ICSI.结果 13个周期共154个卵母细胞,其中M Ⅱ期142个;未行补救ICSI的46个均未受精;补救ICSI的96个,受精89个,受精率92.7%,移植13个周期29个胚胎,临床妊娠1例双胎和5例单胎,种植率24.1%.结论 常规IVF受精后4h行补救ICSI可以获得较好的受精率和妊娠率.     

Quadro-pulse stimulation is more effective than paired-pulse stimulation for plasticity induction of the human motor cortex

OBJECTIVE: Repetitive paired-pulse transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) at I-wave periodicity has been shown to induce a motor-evoked potential (MEP) facilitation. We hypothesized that a greater enhancement of motor cortical excitability is provoked by increasing the number of pulses per train beyond those by paired-pulse stimulation (PPS). METHODS: We explored motor cortical excitability changes induced by repetitive application of trains of four monophasic magnetic pulses (quadro-pulse stimulation: QPS) at 1.5-ms intervals, repeated every 5s over the motor cortex projecting to the hand muscles. The aftereffects of QPS were evaluated with MEPs to a single-pulse TMS, motor threshold (MT), and responses to brain-stem stimulation. These effects were compared to those after PPS. To evaluate the QPS safety, we also studied the spread of excitation and after discharge using surface electromyograms (EMGs) of hand and arm muscles. RESULTS: Sizes of MEPs from the hand muscle were enhanced for longer than 75min after QPS; they reverted to the baseline at 90min. Responses to brain-stem stimulation from the hand muscle and cortical MEPs from the forearm muscle were unchanged after QPS over the hand motor area. MT was unaffected by QPS. No spreads of excitation were detected after QPS. The appearance rate of after discharges during QPS was not different from that during sham stimulation. CONCLUSIONS: Results show that QPS can safely induce long-lasting, topographically specific enhancement of motor cortical excitability. SIGNIFICANCE: QPS is more effective than PPS for inducing motor cortical plasticity.     

棉织布与无纺布尘埃粒子数及抗渗液性能比较研究

目的比较棉织布与无纺布制作的手术衣和手术洞巾等在手术铺巾时空气中的尘埃粒子数及术中抗渗液性能，为有效控制外科切口感染和预防医患交叉感染提供参考。方法将棉织布与无纺布制作的手术布类各备15包，包内内容均相同，经灭菌处理。应用尘埃粒子计数仪测定两组铺巾时、铺巾后及收巾时空气中的尘埃粒子数，同时在手术过程中观察其抗渗液性能。结果无纺布组在铺巾时、铺巾后及收巾时产生的尘埃粒子数显著少于棉织布组（P〈0．05，P〈0．01）；其抗渗液率为100％，而棉织布组为0。结论无纺布抗渗液性能优，可减少手术环境中的尘埃粒子数，从而控制外科切口感染；其阻隔防护效能对患者和医护人员具有双重保护作用。     

Genetic polymorphism of UL144 open reading frame of human cytomegalovirus DNA detected in colon samples from infants with Hirschsprung''''s disease

AIM:To explore the genetic diversities of UL144 open reading frame (ORF) of cytomegalovirus DNA detected in colon tissue from infants with Hirschsprung's disease (HD) by sequencing UL144 DNA in 23 aganglionic colon tissue and 4 urine samples from 25 HD infants. METHODS:Nest PCR was performed for amplification of the UL144 gene. The UL144 gene was analyzed with softwares,such as DNAclub,BioEdit,PROSITE database,and DNAstar. RESULTS:The strains from HD patients were distributed among three genotypes of UL144:group 1A (64%),group 2 (24%),and group 3 (12%). The UL144 genotypes between strains from HD and control group were compared by chi square test (χ2 = 1.870,P = 0.393). Strains from the colon were sporadically distributed in UL144 genotypes. CONCLUSION:There are genetic diversities of UL144 ORF in colon tissue of infants with HD. However,cytomegalovirus UL144 genotypes are not associated with clinical manifestations of HD.     

重组人白介素-24蛋白对荷人A375细胞黑素瘤裸鼠的抑瘤作用

目的 研究原核表达及纯化、复性的重组人白介素24蛋白(recombined human interlukin 24,rhIL-24)对荷人A375细胞黑素瘤裸鼠的抑制肿瘤生长的作用.方法 将人A375黑素瘤细胞注射至裸鼠体内,待肿瘤生长到一定体积后,向裸鼠的肿瘤内注射rhIL-24,2周后切取肿瘤称重、量体积,进行病理检查及免疫组化检测.结果 经rhIL-24注射的肿瘤体积及重量与对照组相比明显减小、减轻;Bax基因表达上调、Bcl-2、CD34及VEGF基因表达下调,显示肿瘤细胞生长受到抑制,凋亡率增加.结论 rhIL-24对荷人A375细胞黑素瘤裸鼠的肿瘤有显著抑制生长的功能,可促进A375细胞凋亡,而对裸鼠则无明显的不良反应.     

^125I放射微粒微创植入治疗前列腺癌

目的观察^125I放射微粒植入对前列腺癌的治疗效果。方法对26例临床确诊为前列腺癌患者经皮穿刺在癌组织植入^125I放射微粒，每例平均36粒，术后复查肛诊、B超、影像学及血生化指标。结果患者植入治疗经过顺利，2例少量出血，留置导尿后愈合，3个月后经肛诊、直肠B超示结节缩小，前列腺特异性抗原（PSA）降低，多普勒超声显示结节内动脉收缩期最大血流速度（VS）、阻力指数（RI）及动脉搏动指数（PI）均明显下降。结论^125I放射微粒植入对前列腺癌的治疗安全性好、效果可靠。     

Bilateral internal mammary artery grafts for coronary artery bypass operations in children

We performed myocardial revascularization with bilateral internal mammary arteries in eight children for coronary artery complications consequent to Kawasaki disease. Subjects included seven boys and one girl, ranging in age from 3 to 13 years (mean age, 8.3 +/- 3.4 years). The body surface area ranged from 0.65 to 1.65 m2 (average, 1.08 +/- 0.35 m2). Three patients had a previous myocardial infarction. The right internal mammary artery was anastomosed to the right coronary artery and the left internal mammary artery was sutured to the left anterior descending artery in all patients. The patients received an average of 2.4 grafts. Magnifying loupes of 3.5 X were used for anastomosis with 8-0 monofilament polypropylene sutures. Subjects were followed up from 12 to 38 months (23 +/- 10.8 months) after operation. All were doing well with no recurrence of angina, and body development was normal, including the sternum and thorax according to chest x-ray films and computed tomography of the chest. Patency of the bilateral internal mammary arteries was 100% in the early (within 1 month) postoperative period and remained so in the late (over 1 year) postoperative period. Anastomotic junctions between the internal mammary artery and the coronary artery developed well angiographically in the late postoperative period. The internal mammary artery is the graft of choice for pediatric myocardial revascularization because of its excellent long-term patency and growth potential. Bilateral internal mammary arteries should be used whenever indicated, and the use of bilateral internal mammary arteries did not adversely influence chest wall development in the children.     

Local muscimol disinhibits mesolimbic dopaminergic activity as examined by brain microdialysis and Fos immunohistochemistry

Infusion of muscimol (5×10⁻⁵ M, 60 min) into the nucleus accumbens (NAC) through a dialysis membrane caused a significant increase in extracellular dopamine (DA) and its metabolite, 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid (DOPAC). Fos-like immunoreactivity induced by intra-NAC infusion of muscimol was seen ipsilaterally in many accumbofugal target areas, but no Fos-positive neurons were seen in the vicinity of the dialysis membrane in the NAC. Sequential staining of Fos and tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) immunoreactivities revealed that a portion of A10 dopaminergic neurons were double-labelled. These results suggest that muscimol in the NAC disinhibits mesolimbic DA neuronal activity possibly through activity of the accumbofugal GABA neuron system.     

阿霉素不同剂量静脉注射的药动学及其临床意义

采用ＨＰＬＣ法测定１４例肿瘤患者使用不同剂量阿霉素的血药浓度，并计算药代参数。４０ｍｇ／ｍ２和２５ｍｇ／ｍ２两组的血药峰浓度、ＡＵＣ、Ｖｃ差异有显著性。阿霉素的药代动力学存在明显的个体差异，血药峰浓度、Ｖｃ、Ｋ１２与疗效相关。