加拿大PICU和NICU临床医生的道德困境

目的:量化NICU和PICU临床医生的道德困境,并确认相关因素。设计:对在NICU或PICU中工作的临床医生进行全国性横断面调查。采用道德困境量表修订版(Moral Distress Scale-Revised,MDS-R)和自我评定法评价道德困境程度。采用Maslach职业倦怠问卷子量表评定去人格化。受访者报告参加6...     

Associations of perceived prenatal stress and adverse pregnancy outcomes with perceived stress years after delivery

Archives of Women's Mental Health - Maternal stress is a risk factor for adverse pregnancy outcomes (APOs). This study evaluates the associations of prenatal stress and APOs with maternal...     

Obstetric adversity and age at first presentation with schizophrenia: evidence of a dose-response relationship

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of the study was to determine if a dose-response relationship exists between obstetric adversity and age at first presentation with schizophrenia. METHOD: The Dublin Psychiatric Case Register was used to identify subjects with schizophrenia. Data on obstetric complications, social class of origin, and family history of psychiatric illness were obtained for those subjects. RESULTS: A total of 409 patients with ICD-9 schizophrenia were identified. Patients with a history of obstetric complications presented earlier to psychiatric services. As the number of complications increased, the mean age at first presentation decreased. This effect was independent of social class of origin and family history of psychiatric illness. CONCLUSIONS: Obstetric adversity exerts an independent influence on the age at first presentation with schizophrenia, in a dose-response manner. This finding supports the existence of a causal relationship between obstetric adversity and age at first presentation with schizophrenia.     

Unilateral frontal lobectomy can produce strategy application disorder.

Following a 5 cm left frontal lobectomy for the removal of a mixed astrocytoma-oligodendroglioma, a 51 year old right handed man showed a marked dissociation between his performance on standard neuropsychological tests and his everyday behaviour. In contrast to his intact neuropsychological test performance, he was impaired on a test of "strategy application" which requires goal articulation, plan specification, self-monitoring, and evaluation of outcomes, as well as the establishment of mental "markers" to trigger specific behaviour. Strategy application disorder can therefore be produced by a unilateral circumscribed frontal lobe lesions.