Medication effects on symptoms of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder in children with fetal alcohol spectrum disorder

Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) may be the most common mental health disorder in children with fetal alcohol spectrum disorders (FASD). Despite this, little information is available regarding the effectiveness of ADHD treatment in this population. This study, conducted within a clinical service, aimed to assess the impact of medication on symptoms of ADHD in children with FASD by determining (a) the extent of change in ADHD symptoms with medication, and (b) whether differences in improvement are seen between symptom domains. Data were extracted from the medical records of 27 children with FASD who had been referred to an ADHD medication service at the Alberta Children's Hospital in Canada. Participants were primarily male and ranged in age from 5 years 6 months to 14 years 5 months. Teacher MTA-SNAP-IV scores were the primary outcome measure. Baseline, best, and change scores across three symptom domains (inattention, hyperactivity/impulsivity, and opposition/defiance) were determined. A total of 41 medication trials was conducted. More children obtained normalized best scores for hyperactivity/impulsivity (n = 18) and opposition/defiance (n = 19) than for inattention (n = 9) across medication trials. These findings suggest that inattention may be less responsive to ADHD medication. Replication in larger samples with a placebo-controlled design is required.     

透明质酸对白细胞介素1β与软骨滑膜联合培养模型的作用

目的:观察不同浓度透明质酸对白细胞介素1β与软骨滑膜联合培养模型中软骨基质代谢的影响与抑制炎性反应的作用,从而阐明粘保护剂治疗骨性关节炎的可能机制。方法:实验于2006-03/11在华中科技大学附属协和医院骨科实验室完成。①实验材料:新鲜狗尸体4具,取肱骨头附近的全厚软骨以及滑膜组织。透明质酸钠购于中国山东正大福瑞达制药有限公司产品。②实验干预和分组:以100μg/L的白细胞介素1β与软骨滑膜联合培养。将0.2,1,2g/L透明质酸加入模型中得到3组透明质酸组,只含白细胞介素1β为阳性对照组,只含培养液为阴性对照组。③实验评估:每3天收集1次培养皿中的溶液标本,3,6,20d收集培养皿中的软骨滑膜标本,行生化和免疫组织化学检查。结果:①溶液标本与组织标本聚氨基葡萄糖检测结果:第3,6天溶液标本中透明质酸组高于阴性对照组(P<0.05);第20天时3种剂量透明质酸组溶液中聚氨基葡萄糖低于阳性对照组(P<0.05)。②溶液标本中前列腺素E2、基质金属蛋白酶3、含氮产物检测结果:第3天时阳性对照组基质金属蛋白酶3浓度高于阴性对照组(P<0.05),第20天,1g/L,2g/L透明质酸组基质金属蛋白酶3浓度较阳性组低[(1.289±2.122),(0.458±0.454),(1.425±0.211)μg/L,P<0.05],第3天时阳性对照组前列腺素E2浓度明显高于阴性对照组(P<0.05),第6天,0.2g/L,1g/L透明质酸组含氮产物浓度低于阳性和阴性对照组[(1.288±0.280),(1.345±0.768),(2.234±0.570),(1.845±0.767)mmol/L(P<0.05)。结论:实验结果支持粘保护剂治疗骨性关节炎的两种机制,即透明质酸对软骨保护的生物学合成作用与透明质酸的炎性抑制反应。     

On the variability of QRS time-duration in magnetocardiographic recordings

High resolution electrocardiography (HRECG) recordings have already shown an increased beat-to-beat microvariability of the QRS duration of the terminal QRS in patients with a history of ventricular tachycardia (VT). The purpose of this study is to detect QRS-duration microvariability with magnetocardiographic (MCG) recordings in normals, patients with coronary heart disease (CHD), patients with a history of myocardial infarction (MI), and VT patients. QRS microvariability is calculated as the variance of time-shifts of single beats respectively to the average of all beats. The average over all channels of the MCG is performed. QRS microvariability was evaluated from 55-channel MCG in 15 normal persons, in 12 patients with CHD, in 13 patients with MI, and in 10 patients with VT. We found a significantly higher microvariability in patients with MI compared to normals. The highest microvariability was found in VT patients.     

Fine structure of the human menstrual corpus luteum at its stage of maximum secretory activity,

Human corpora lutea from the period of maximum progesterone secretion during the menstrual cycle were examined with the electron microscope. Both the granulosa lutein and theca lutein cells contain abundant tubular smooth endoplasmic reticulum, mitochondria with tubular cristae, lipid droplets and numerous free ribosomes. Cisternae of rough endoplasmic reticulum occur in stacks and as scattered profiles in the lutein cells. Golgi elements are seen throughout the granulosa lutein cell cyoplasm and are associated with multivesicular bodies, lysosome-like granules, coated vesicles and microtubules. The coated vesicles apparently arise from the Golgi cisternae. Unlike the granulosa lutein cells, theca lutein cells are generally smaller and darker, exhibit a wider range of cell densities, have a Golgi complex clustered at one nuclear pole, and their lipid droplets are extracted by tissue preparation. Patches of microvilli that protrude into the perivascular spaces and a peripheral, fibrillar terminal web are unique to the granulosa lutein cells. The perivascular macrophages correspond to the “K” cells of light microscopy. No cells in the theca externa or the central coagulum exhibit the fine structure of steroid-secreting cells. The correlation of fine structure with function in human lutein cells is probably similar to that established for other steroid-secreting cells. The role of the theca lutein cells in steroidogenesis by the human corpus luteum remains unresolved.     

脐血有核细胞移植治疗脑卒中的动物实验

目的:脐血有核细胞中富含多系前体细胞,具备改善受损神经系统功能的潜能。为此建立阻塞性脑卒中动物模型,探讨脐血有核细胞移植对其治疗的可行性。方法:实验于2004-09/2005-05在深圳市宝安区人民医院动物实验室完成。①实验材料:脐带血取自足月新生儿,由深圳宝安血站研究室提供,产妇及其家属均签署知情同意书。SD清洁级成年大鼠80只,随机取20只作为正常对照组,另60只以电凝法建立阻塞性脑卒中模型。剔除运动功能障碍不典型鼠后,随机取5只作为模型观察,余鼠按1∶1随机分为细胞移植组和模型对照组,当出现单只为尾数时,将其分配在细胞移植组。②实验方法:无菌抽取脐血20mL,加入乙二胺四乙酸抗凝,Ficoll法分离脐血有核细胞。造模后第10天,细胞移植组大鼠将头部固定,按前囟尾侧3.0mm,中线旁1.5mm,深度1.2mm注入1011L-1脐血有核细胞悬液5μL,1μL/min。模型对照组注射等量无细胞脐血清,正常对照组不给予任何干预。③实验评估:造模后4周,5只模型观察大鼠制作脑切片,行苏木精-伊红染色镜检。各组分别于细胞移植前、细胞移植后2,6周进行横木行走实验和触觉刺激试验,检测其运动和触觉功能的恢复。处死各组大鼠制作病理切片,免疫荧光检测脐血有核细胞在脑内生存和分化情况。结果:正常对照组、细胞移植组、模型对照组各20只、24只、24只进入结果分析。①阻塞性脑卒中模型大鼠病理特征:造模大鼠出现行为障碍,缺血部位出现中风囊,病理切片可见缺血坏死区等阻塞性脑卒中所致脑组织病理损伤。②运动和触觉功能测试:细胞移植前,细胞移植组与模型对照组大鼠的横木行走能力、撕胶纸能力均基本相似(P=0.05),且明显低于正常对照组(P<0.01)。移植后第2周,细胞移植组大鼠两项能力均明显强于模型对照组(P<0.05),但仍低于正常对照组(P<0.01)。移植后第6周,细胞移植组大鼠的横木行走能力明显改善,与正常对照组基本相似(P>0.05);撕胶纸能力仍低于正常对照组(P<0.01)。③阳性细胞免疫荧光检测:细胞移植组进针注射部位存在大量抗人RNP/CD45双阳性完整细胞,并向大脑中线、皮层梗死部位迁移。所植入的细胞约2.95%表达胶质纤维酸性蛋白,3.41%表达神经特异性烯醇化酶。结论:移植人脐血有核细胞能有效改善阻塞性脑卒中大鼠的运动和触觉功能缺陷。     

SYNCHRONOUS COLONIC TUMOURS OF DUAL PATHOLOGY

Synchronous colonic tumours of dual pathology are extremely rare. A review of the literature revealed that few cases have been reported to date. Because of their rarity and lack of specific symptoms, preoperative diagnosis is not easy and there is no protocol as yet for the ideal management of these cases. We present such a case which was treated by a combination of surgery and chemotherapy.