The effectiveness of the confidential unit exclusion option

BACKGROUND: The confidential unit exclusion (CUE) option is intended to reduce human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) transmission by excluding donors newly infected with HIV who have not yet developed HIV antibody (window-period donors); however, its efficacy in excluding window- period donors has not been evaluated. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS: The use of the CUE option was studied among the donors of 3.7 million units at 18 American Red Cross blood services regions during 1991 and 1992 and among 322 previously HIV-1-seronegative donors who subsequently donated a seropositive unit between 1987 and 1990 at 40 United States blood centers. These seroconverting donors had previously been shown to be highly likely to donate during their window period. RESULTS: On the basis of data from these two populations, it was estimated that only 3 to 5 percent of units donated by window-period donors were not transfused because of the CUE option, that 0.4 percent of all donations were from donors who confidentially excluded their blood from transfusion, and that donors who confidentially excluded their blood were 21 times more likely to be HIV antibody-positive than donors who did not use the CUE option. It is estimated that, if all US blood centers used the CUE option, a total of 2 to 17 otherwise acceptable units donated by window-period donors would not be transfused annually. CONCLUSION: Although donors who confidentially exclude their blood from transfusion are 21 times more likely to have HIV antibody, the rarity of window-period donors and the infrequency of confidential exclusion by window-period donors cause the CUE option to have minimal impact on transfusion safety.     

老年人肺癌150例

临床资料 1990-01／2004-06住院老年人肺癌150(男102例，女48)例，年龄60～90(平均74．5)岁．有吸烟史102例(68％)，其中30a以上吸烟史73例(48．7％)．咳嗽、咳痰、痰带血105例(70％)．无呼吸系统症状25例(16．7％)，于健康体检时发现．以肺外症状住院20例(13％)，表现为上腔静脉综合征、Homer综合征、声音嘶哑、杵壮指(趾)、高血钙等．胸片：肺癌110例；痰中脱落细胞检查98例，     

A case of angiosarcoma of the breast

This is a case report of a 20-year-old woman who had primary angiosarcoma of the left breast, with metastases to the spleen and ovary. Eight months after detecting a mass in her breast, she underwent mastectomy with biopsy of the ipsilateral axillary lymph nodes, splenectomy and bilateral oophorectomy. Five months after the operation, the patient succumbed to lung metastases. Angiosarcoma of the breast is a rare condition with a poor prognosis, and there are no established chemotherapeutic regimens as yet. Immunohistochemical staining for endoglin, known to be expressed mainly on the surface of endothelial cells, was positive. This suggests the possibility of treating angiosarcoma with anti-endoglin monoclonal antibodies.      

再生障碍性贫血患者造血细胞因子的研究

0 引言再生障碍性贫血（aplastic anemia, AA）是由多种病因引起的骨髓造血功能衰竭,对人类健康有极大的危害性. 其发病机制尚未完全阐明,目前认为与细胞免疫功能紊乱密切相关［1-3］. 我们对50例AA患者血清进行了IL-8, IL-6, IFN-α和TNF-α系列检测,探讨其在AA发病中的意义.     

COLOBOMATA OF THE IRIS, CILIARY BODY AND CHOROID IN AN INFANT WITH OESOPHAGO-TRACHEAL FISTULA AND CONGENITAL HEART DEFECTS. AN UNKNOWN MALFORMATION COMPLEX

Abstract. Lillquist, K., Warburg, M., Ry Andersen, S. and Hägerstrand, I. (Paediatric Department, Odense University Hospital, The Copenhagen Eye Clinic for the Mentally Retarded, The Institute of Eye Pathology in Copenhagen and Pathological Institute, Odense University Hospital, Denmark). Colobomata of the iris, ciliary body and choroid in an infant with oesophago-tracheal fistula and congenital heart defects. An unknown malformation complex. Acta Paediatr Scand, 69:417, 1980.—A malformation pattern, not previously reported consisting of microphthalmia, uveal coloboma, oesophago-tracheal fistula and congenital heart defects is presented. The phaenotypical similarity and difference from previously reported cases are discussed.     

Der Ursprung der autochthonen menschlichen Trichophytien landwirtschaftlicher Natur

Der Verfasser hat in diesem Teil die dritte Gruppe der Ansteckungsquellen der autochthonen humanen Triehophytien der Landwirtschaft, d. h. die Grasarten, Unkxautarten, die auf der Erde befindlichen Pflanzenreste sowie die Rolle des Erdbodens als Infektionsquelle erörtert.
Er erbringt dabei den Nachweis, daß sowohl der Kaufmann–Wolf'sche Pilz als auch das T. gypseum var. aster. an sterilisierten Pffanzenstoffen wohl gedeihen können. Die zum Genus Ctenomyces gehorenden Spezies kommen in der freien Natur an Pflanzenstoffen und –resten vielfach vor, und durch ihre Ektothrix–