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971.
972.
When studying the density of skin lesions, calculations of relative density are based on charts of proportion of skin surface area. However, the current source of information is derived from skewed data obtained at the beginning of the twentieth century. Using more recent data from a population-based sample of children in the United States, we propose a new set of tables. Data from measurements taken in the United States in the 1970s for design and safety were applied to the computer-based model MAN3D. This model, originally created for ergonomic studies in the automotive industry, allowed us to obtain a precise estimate of the main surface areas of children. Compared with previously published studies, our estimates increased the relative proportion of arms and of the trunk and allowed for differentiation of these proportions by sex. New tables are proposed for epidemiological studies of skin lesion density in children. 相似文献
973.
Boniol M Dore JF Autier P 《The Journal of investigative dermatology》2008,128(2):481; author reply 481-481; author reply 482
974.
Entz-Werle N Velasco V Neuville A Geoerger B Mathieu MC Guerin E Kehrli P Gaub MP Vassal G Grill J 《Pediatric blood & cancer》2008,50(1):163-166
Several publications have recently focused on the erbB2 receptor in pediatric medulloblastomas (MBs) and its prognostic consequence. We determined erbB2 expression in 23 MBs at diagnosis. After DNA extraction, quantitative PCR targeting the erbB2 gene was performed and correlated with FISH analysis and immunohistochemistry. The samples were representative of the spectrum of the disease apart from the absence of large cell MBs. Using the tools validated for breast cancers by the FDA, we did not observe any expression or amplification of erbB2 and hence we speculate that MBs are not a good target for treatment with anti-erbB2 antibodies. 相似文献
975.
976.
Mathieu Provençal Nancy Berger-Thibault David Labbé Ryan Veitch Dominique Boivin Georges-Étienne Rivard Denis Gingras Richard Béliveau 《Journal of neuro-oncology》2010,97(3):365-372
The classical treatment scheme for medulloblastoma (MB) is based on a tri-therapy approach consisting of surgical tumor resection,
craniospinal axis radiation and chemotherapy. With current treatments relying mainly on non-specific cytotoxic therapy, a
better understanding of the mechanisms underlying resistance to these treatments is important in order to improve their effectiveness.
In this study, we report that stimulation of DAOY with HGF resulted in the protection of these cells against etoposide-induced
apoptosis, this anti-apoptotic effect being correlated with an increase in the expression of tissue factor (TF), the initiator
of the extrinsic pathway of coagulation. HGF-mediated protection from apoptosis was abolished by a c-Met inhibitor as well
as by siRNA-mediated reduction of TF levels, implying a central role of Met-dependent induction of TF expression in this process.
Accordingly, stimulation of DAOY with FVIIa, the physiological ligand of TF, also resulted in a significant protection from
etoposide-mediated cytotoxicity. Overall, our results suggest the participation of the haemostatic system to drug resistance
in MB and may thus provide novel therapeutic approaches for the treatment of these tumors. 相似文献
977.
Hai‐Rim Shin Mathieu Boniol Clementine Joubert Clarisse Hery Jari Haukka Philippe Autier Yoshikazu Nishino Tomotaka Sobue Chien‐Jen Chen San‐Lin You Sei Hyun Ahn Kyu Won Jung Stephen Chun‐Key Law Oscar Mang Kee‐Seng Chia 《Cancer science》2010,101(5):1241-1246
Breast cancer risk is increasing in most Asian female populations, but little is known about the long‐term mortality trend of the disease among these populations. We extracted data for Hong Kong (1979–2005), Japan (1963–2006), Korea (1985–2006), and Singapore (1963–2006) from the World Health Organization (WHO) mortality database and for Taiwan (1964–2007) from the Taiwan cancer registry. The annual age‐standardized, truncated (to ≥20 years) breast cancer death rates for 11 age groups were estimated and joinpoint regression was applied to detect significant changes in breast cancer mortality. We also compared age‐specific mortality rates for three calendar periods (1975–1984, 1985–1994, and 1995–2006). After 1990, breast cancer mortality tended to decrease slightly in Hong Kong and Singapore except for women aged 70+. In Taiwan and Japan, in contrast, breast cancer death rates increased throughout the entire study period. Before the 1990s, breast cancer death rates were almost the same in Taiwan and Japan; thereafter, up to 1996, they rose more steeply in Taiwan and then they began rising more rapidly in Japan than in Taiwan after 1996. The most rapid increases in breast cancer mortality, and for all age groups, were in Korea. Breast cancer mortality trends are expected to maintain the secular trend for the next decade mainly as the prevalence of risk factors changes and population ages in Japan, Korea, and Taiwan. Early detection and treatment improvement will continue to reduce the mortality rates in Hong Kong and Singapore as observed in Western countries. (Cancer Sci 2010; 101: 1141–1246) 相似文献
978.
979.
Bas van de Waterbeemd Mathieu Streefland Peter van der Ley Bert Zomer Harry van Dijken Dirk Martens René Wijffels Leo van der Pol 《Vaccine》2010
The use of detergent-extracted outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) is an established approach for development of a multivalent PorA vaccine against N. meningitidis serogroup B. Selective removal of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) decreases toxicity, but promotes aggregation and narrows the immune response. Detergent-free OMV vaccines retain all LPS, which preserves the native vesicle structure, but result in high toxicity and lower yield. The present study assessed the effects of gene mutations that attenuated LPS toxicity (lpxL1) or improved OMV yield (rmpM) in combination with the available OMV purification processes. The results substantiate that OMVs from a strain with both mutations, produced with a detergent-free process provide better vaccine characteristics than the traditional detergent-based approach. With comparable toxicity and yield, no aggregation and cross-protection against other PorA subtypes, these OMV vaccines are potentially safe and effective for parenteral use in humans. 相似文献
980.
Valcke M Krishnan K 《International journal of environmental research and public health》2010,7(11):4002-4022
The objective of this study was to evaluate inter-individual variability in absorbed and internal doses after multi-route exposure to drinking water contaminants (DWC) in addition to the corresponding variability in equivalent volumes of ingested water, expressed as liter-equivalents (LEQ). A multi-route PBPK model described previously was used for computing the internal dose metrics in adults, neonates, children, the elderly and pregnant women following a multi-route exposure scenario to chloroform and to tri- and tetra-chloroethylene (TCE and PERC). This scenario included water ingestion as well as inhalation and dermal contact during a 30-min bathroom exposure. Monte Carlo simulations were performed and distributions of internal dose metrics were obtained. The ratio of each of the dose metrics for inhalation, dermal and multi-route exposures to the corresponding dose metrics for the ingestion of drinking water alone allowed computation of LEQ values. Mean BW-adjusted LEQ values based on absorbed doses were greater in neonates regardless of the contaminant considered (0.129-0.134 L/kg BW), but higher absolute LEQ values were obtained in average adults (3.6-4.1 L), elderly (3.7-4.2 L) and PW (4.1-5.6 L). LEQ values based on the parent compound's AUC were much greater than based on the absorbed dose, while the opposite was true based on metabolite-based dose metrics for chloroform and TCE, but not PERC. The consideration of the 95th percentile values of BW-adjusted LEQ did not significantly change the results suggesting a generally low intra-subpopulation variability during multi-route exposure. Overall, this study pointed out the dependency of the LEQ on the dose metrics, with consideration of both the subpopulation and DWC. 相似文献