近视人群中角膜生物力学特性的分布

目的：分析伊朗近视眼及散光人群中角膜生物力学参数的分布特征。

方法：对接受激光矫正手术的近视眼及散光患者180眼进行前后节、显然验光等效球镜度、Orbscan II和Zywave全面的术前检查。用眼反应分析仪测量角膜滞后量,角膜阻力因子,模拟Goldmann眼压值及角膜补偿后眼压值。分析所有角膜生物力学的分布特性及其与显然验光等效球镜度、性别和年龄的相关性。数据采用SPSS 17软件进行统计学分析,以P<0.05为有显著性差异。

结果：平均年龄为28.20±6.78岁。平均显然验光等效球镜为-4.21±1.19D。平均角膜滞后量,角膜阻力因子,模拟Goldmann眼压值和角膜补偿后眼压值分别为10.00±1.28mmHg,10.17±1.45mmHg,15.71±2.67mmHg和 16.68±2.41mmHg。近视人群中,28.4%角膜滞后量约为10mmHg,71%从9mmHg增长到11mmHg。25.9%的近视人群的角膜阻力因子为10mmHg,48.7%为9mmHg增长到11mmHg。显然验光等效球镜与角膜滞后量(Rs=0.001,P=0.71)和显然验光等效球镜与角膜阻力因子(Rs=0.01,P=0.18)之间正相关性不明显。

结论：研究显示了伊朗近视眼人群中角膜生物力学的分布特征(角膜滞后量,角膜阻力因子,模拟Goldmann眼压值及角膜补偿后眼压值),并证实了角膜生物力学特性参数和显然验光等效球镜,年龄及性别之间没有统计学相关性。     

角膜胶原蛋白交联疗法对人工晶状体大泡性角膜病变的作用

目的：研究核黄素和紫外线（ UVA ）交联疗法对晚期大泡性角膜病的疗效。 方法：15例人工晶状体大泡性角膜病变（ PBK ）患者参与研究。分别于角膜交联前和干预后1,6mo,对患者行裂隙灯检查、视敏度、异物调查表、角膜透明度分级、眼部疼痛度范围、分析仪角膜厚度分析及超声波角膜厚度测量。氯化钠溶液处理1 wk后,去除8 mm直径范围的中央角膜上皮,在角膜上频繁点滴核黄素30min,后行3min紫外线（ UVA）照射交联疗法。 结果：15例患者（5男,10女）,平均年龄为66依13岁。平均随访时间6.2mo。治疗后1mo全眼角膜透明度统计结果明显优于术前（P〈0.05）。6mo时8眼角膜透明度较术前更佳,5眼持平,2眼低于术前（ P=0.218）。70%病患异物感减弱。处理后1mo平均中央角膜厚度（ CCT）减少（ P〈0.05）。6mo时,除3眼外均出现渐进性肿胀,但统计显示CCT明显薄于术前（P=0.006）。统计显示术后1mo平均矫正远视力（ CDVA）明显优于术前（ P=0.010）。6 mo后无显著差异（P=0.130）。1mo痛值统计结果明显优于术前（P=0.007）。但6mo平均痛值较1mo高,较术前无明显差异（P=0.070）。 结论：术后1 mo结果显示角膜胶原交联疗法可显著改善角膜透明度、角膜厚度和眼痛。但是,它对减少PBK患者疼痛和维持角膜透明度方面似乎并无长期持久的效果。这种方法延长了角膜移植的时间间隔,并提高了角膜内皮移植术（ DSAEK）过程的可视化。     

Beta-Amyloid-Dependent miRNAs as Circulating Biomarkers in Alzheimer’s Disease: a Preliminary Report

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are considered among the most reliable biomarkers to diagnose and predict Alzheimer’s disease (AD), due to their regulatory nature. The main goal of this study was to evaluate the expression of miR4422 and miR3714, as the main regulators of GSAP and BACE1 expression, in AD patients compared with healthy subjects. Twenty patients with a mild to moderate AD (58–71 years old) and 15 healthy subjects (58–73 years old) participated in this study. The expression levels of miR4422 and miR3714 as the target genes and 5S rRNA and miRlet7a-5p as the reference genes were measured in the two groups. To compare the expression between the case and the control groups, the t test or the Wilcoxon test was used, based on the data distribution patterns. The efficiencies of amplification of the miR4422, miR3714, 5S rRNA, and miRlet7a-5p genes all were in the acceptable range. The mean miR4422-5S rRNA dCt value was significantly different between the two groups (p = 0.018). The relative fold change of the expression was 0.43. The mean miR4422-miRlet7a-5p dCt value (p = 0.41), the mean miR3714-5S rRNA dCt value (p = 0.10), and the mean miR3714-miRlet7a-5p dCt value (p = 0.063) were not significantly different between the two groups. We indicated that miR4422 could be a reliable biomarker for Alzheimer’s diagnosis. It seems that the reduced expression of miR4422 that targets GSAP and BACE1 expression can lead to an increase in the formation of Aβ plaque.     

The effect of obstructive sleep apnea on the increased risk of cardiovascular disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Neurological Sciences - Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a disorder characterized by intermittent airway obstruction during sleep. The association between OSA and the incidence of cardiovascular...