全文获取类型
收费全文 | 5096篇 |
免费 | 361篇 |
国内免费 | 30篇 |
专业分类
耳鼻咽喉 | 38篇 |
儿科学 | 163篇 |
妇产科学 | 180篇 |
基础医学 | 594篇 |
口腔科学 | 239篇 |
临床医学 | 527篇 |
内科学 | 917篇 |
皮肤病学 | 225篇 |
神经病学 | 345篇 |
特种医学 | 500篇 |
外科学 | 448篇 |
综合类 | 77篇 |
一般理论 | 7篇 |
预防医学 | 382篇 |
眼科学 | 92篇 |
药学 | 345篇 |
中国医学 | 49篇 |
肿瘤学 | 359篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 9篇 |
2023年 | 106篇 |
2022年 | 204篇 |
2021年 | 329篇 |
2020年 | 220篇 |
2019年 | 332篇 |
2018年 | 351篇 |
2017年 | 224篇 |
2016年 | 224篇 |
2015年 | 234篇 |
2014年 | 299篇 |
2013年 | 320篇 |
2012年 | 452篇 |
2011年 | 424篇 |
2010年 | 191篇 |
2009年 | 154篇 |
2008年 | 224篇 |
2007年 | 217篇 |
2006年 | 166篇 |
2005年 | 129篇 |
2004年 | 124篇 |
2003年 | 92篇 |
2002年 | 98篇 |
2001年 | 49篇 |
2000年 | 33篇 |
1999年 | 30篇 |
1998年 | 7篇 |
1997年 | 8篇 |
1996年 | 6篇 |
1995年 | 4篇 |
1993年 | 9篇 |
1992年 | 16篇 |
1991年 | 27篇 |
1990年 | 14篇 |
1989年 | 22篇 |
1988年 | 12篇 |
1987年 | 22篇 |
1986年 | 11篇 |
1985年 | 20篇 |
1984年 | 9篇 |
1983年 | 8篇 |
1982年 | 6篇 |
1981年 | 4篇 |
1980年 | 4篇 |
1978年 | 3篇 |
1977年 | 6篇 |
1976年 | 6篇 |
1971年 | 5篇 |
1970年 | 5篇 |
1969年 | 4篇 |
排序方式: 共有5487条查询结果,搜索用时 0 毫秒
991.
Soliman AT Al Khalaf F Alhemaidi N Al Ali M Al Zyoud M Yakoot K 《Metabolism: clinical and experimental》2008,57(1):95-102
The objective of the study was to determine the degree of linear growth retardation of patients with vitamin D deficiency rickets at presentation and the magnitude of catch-up growth in relation to their calcium (Ca) homeostasis and hormones affecting it before and after treatment. This prospective study recorded the anthropometric data and measured the circulating 25-hydroxy vitamin D (25-OH-D), insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I), parathyroid hormone, Ca, phosphate, and alkaline phosphatase concentrations in 46 infants and children with nutritional (vitamin D deficiency) rickets before and 6 months or more after treatment with one intramuscular injection of vitamin D3 megadose (300000 IU). Forty normal age- and sex-matched children were included as controls for the auxological data. At presentation, patients' mean age = 13.1 +/- 1.1 months, length standard deviation scores (LSDS) = -1.5 +/- 0.2, and body mass index = 16.3 +/- 0.85. They were significantly shorter and had markedly lower growth velocity standard deviation scores (GVSDS) compared with normal controls (LSDS = 0.25 +/- 0.18 and 0.31 +/- 0.22, respectively). Six months after treatment, the LSDS increased significantly in patients to -0.45 +/- 0.13, with a significantly increased GVSDS (2.76 +/- 0.45) and body mass index (16.9 +/- 0.65). They were still shorter but with significantly higher GVSDS compared with normal controls. Serum Ca and phosphate concentrations increased from 2.07 +/- 0.25 and 1.23 +/- 0.24 mmol/L, respectively, before treatment to 2.44 +/- 0.2 and 1.94 +/- 0.2 mmol/L, respectively, after treatment. Serum alkaline phosphatase and parathyroid hormone concentrations decreased from 1183 +/- 219 U/L and 294 +/- 87 pg/mL, respectively, before treatment to 334 +/- 75 U/L and 35.2 +/- 15.2 pg/mL, respectively, after treatment. The 25-OH-D level increased from 4.5 +/- 0.56 ng/mL before treatment to 44.5 +/- 3.7 ng/mL after treatment. Circulating concentrations of IGF-I increased significantly after treatment (52.2 +/- 18.9 ng/mL) vs before treatment (26.6 +/- 12.8 ng/mL). The 25-OH-D concentrations were correlated significantly with the IGF-I levels before and after treatment (r = 0.603 and r = 0.59, respectively; P < .001). The GVSDS after treatment was correlated with the increase of IGF-I and 25-OH-D levels (r = 0.325 and r= 0.314, respectively; P < .01). These data denote that the accelerated linear growth after treatment of nutritional vitamin D deficiency is mediated through activation of the growth hormone/IGF-I system and suggests an important role of vitamin D as a link between the proliferating cartilage cells of the growth plate and growth hormone/IGF-I secretion. Three different sequential stages of vitamin D deficiency can be recognized according to the clinical/radiological, biochemical, and hormonal data of patients at presentation. 相似文献
992.
Mohammadreza Seyyedmajidi Kianoosh Falaknazi Dariush Mirsattari Homayoun Zojaji Mohammad Roshani Farhad Lahmi Peyman Gooran Orimi Maryam Hadizadeh Mohammadreza Zali 《Arab Journal Of Gastroenterology》2011,12(3):150-153
Background and study aimsUraemic patients show susceptibility to gastrointestinal mucosal lesions and colonisation by Helicobacter pylori (HP). Antibiotic resistance constitutes a problem in treatment and bismuth preparations are toxic in uraemic patients. This study aimed to assess the correlation between creatinine clearance (CrCl) and eradication of HP infection with new sequential and standard triple therapeutic regimens.Patients and methodsA total of 120 HP-positive patients with renal function impairment and 60 control patients with HP infection were enrolled in this study. Patients were divided into four groups on the basis of CrCl and were randomly assigned to one of the two different regimens: A 14-day standard triple therapy with 20 mg omeprazole bid, 1000 mg amoxicillin bid and 500 mg clarithromycin bid and a new sequential regimen with 20 mg omeprazole bid and 1000 mg amoxicillin bid both for 14 days, 500 mg ciprofloxacin bid for the first 7 days and 200 mg furazolidone bid for the last 7 days. Doses of amoxicillin, clarithromycin and ciprofloxacin were reduced to 50% in the cases of CrCl <30 mg dl?1.ResultsOne hundred and sixty two out of 180 HP-positive patients (54.3% male, 51.6 ± 12.1 years) completed treatment in the four groups and were studied. According to renal function they were classified into group A (n = 39), haemodialysis (HD) patients; group B (n = 37), CrCl <30 mg dl?1 without HD; group C (n = 36), CrCl between 30 and 60 mg dl?1; and group D (n = 50), control subjects with CrCl >90 mg dl?1. HP was successfully eradicated in 77.7% of patients with standard triple therapy and in 81.4% of patients with the sequential therapy. There was no significant difference among the study groups in the rate of HP-infection eradication with both regimens.ConclusionHP eradication rates did not differ with both sequential and standard therapeutic regimens in uraemic and non-uraemic patients. We, therefore, prefer the standard triple therapy due to its simplicity and reported. 相似文献
993.
Coexistence of antitopoisomerase I and anticentromere antibodies in patients with systemic sclerosis
T Dick R Mierau P Bartz-Bazzanella M Alavi M Stoyanova-Scholz J Kindler E Genth 《Annals of the rheumatic diseases》2002,61(2):121-127
BACKGROUND: Antibodies targeting DNA topoisomerase I (ATA) or centromere proteins (ACA) are associated with clinical subsets of patients with systemic sclerosis (SSc). The occurrence of those autoantibodies is considered to be mutually exclusive. OBJECTIVE: To describe the clinical and immunogenetic data of three patients who are co-expressing both antibodies, and then review previous publications. METHODS: Both antibodies were detected by different methods, including indirect immunofluorescence technique, enzyme linked immunosorbent assay, immunodiffusion, and immunoblot. Patients were HLA typed by serological and molecular genetic methods. Data were extracted from published reports for comparison. The search for published studies was through Medline and other database research programmes. RESULTS: During routine laboratory diagnostics over several years three patients with scleroderma and coincidence of ATA and ACA were identified: patient 1 with diffuse SSc, Raynaud's phenomenon, puffy fingers and fingertip necrosis, contractures, and calcinosis; patient 2 with diffuse SSc, Raynaud's phenomenon, oedema of the hands, and interstitial calcinosis of hands, knees, and shoulders, and pulmonary fibrosis; patient 3 with scleroderma of hands, forearms, and face, Raynaud's phenomenon, puffy fingers, finger contractures, fingertip necrosis, and calcinosis. All three patients studied were carriers of HLA alleles known to be associated with these autoantibodies. In serial measurements the concentrations of the two antibodies showed independent or even reverse fluctuations. Screening of 100 patients with ACA for ATA and vice versa disclosed no further patients with coincidence of these antibodies. Twenty eight cases of ACA/ATA coexistence in 5423 patients (0.52%) with SSc or SSc associated symptoms were found in an analysis of published studies. CONCLUSION: The expression of ATA and ACA is not totally mutually exclusive, but coincidence is rare (<1% of patients with SSc). Patients with both autoantibodies often have diffuse scleroderma and show immunogenetic features of both antibody defined subsets of SSc. 相似文献
994.
Goulart JM Quigley EA Dusza S Jewell ST Alexander G Asgari MM Eide MJ Fletcher SW Geller AC Marghoob AA Weinstock MA Halpern AC;INFORMED 《Journal of general internal medicine》2011,26(9):1027-1035
BACKGROUND
Early detection of melanoma may provide an opportunity to positively impact melanoma mortality. Numerous skin cancer educational interventions have been developed for primary care physicians (PCPs) to improve diagnostic accuracy. Standardized training is also a prerequisite for formal testing of melanoma screening in the primary care setting.OBJECTIVE
We conducted a systematic review to determine the extent of evaluated interventions designed to educate PCPs about skin cancer, including melanoma.DESIGN
Relevant studies in the English language were identified through systemic searches performed in MEDLINE, EMBASE, BIOSIS, and Cochrane through December 2010. Supplementary information was obtained from corresponding authors of the included studies when necessary.APPROACH
Studies eligible for inclusion formally evaluated skin cancer education interventions and were designed primarily for PCPs. Excluded studies lacked a specified training intervention, used decision-making software, focused solely on risk factor identification, or did not directly educate or assess participants. Twenty studies met the selection criteria. Data were extracted according to intervention content and delivery format, and study outcomes.KEY RESULTS
All interventions included instructions about skin cancer diagnosis, but otherwise varied in content. Curricula utilized six distinct educational techniques, usually incorporating more than one. Intervention duration varied from 12 min to over 6 h. Eight of the 20 studies were randomized trials. Most studies (18/20, 90%) found a significant improvement in at least one of the following five outcome categories: knowledge, competence, confidence, diagnostic performance, or systems outcomes. Competence was most commonly measured; no study evaluated all categories. Variability in study design, interventions, and outcome measures prevented correlation of outcomes with intervention characteristics.CONCLUSIONS
Despite the development of many isolated educational interventions, few have been tested rigorously or evaluated under sufficient standardized conditions to allow for quantitative comparison. Improved and rigorously tested skin cancer educational interventions for PCPs with outcome measures focusing on changes in performance are needed. 相似文献995.
Maryam SAHEBARI Mojgan AFKHAMIZADEH Kamila HASHEMZADEH Masoud PEZESHKI RAD 《International journal of rheumatic diseases》2010,13(2):175-179
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disease in which organs undergo damage. Hypoparathyroidism is a rare disease, which presents in two forms: hereditary and acquired. Cases of hypoparathyroidism and SLE rarely co‐exist. Only six cases have been reported; five of them first presented with lupus and then hypoparathyroidism or simultaneously. We present here developing lupus disease in a woman who had idiopathic hypoparathyroidism. According to increasing data about the autoimmune origin of idiopathic hypoparathyroidism, these case reports suggest that there may be an autoimmune process linking these diseases. 相似文献
996.
Berger MJ Dunlea LJ Rettig AE Lustberg MB Phillips GS Shapiro CL 《Supportive care in cancer》2012,20(9):1991-1997
Purpose
Paclitaxel-based chemotherapy continues to be an integral component in the treatment of many solid tumors. Prolonged use of paclitaxel may result in repeated doses of premedications and potential unwanted side effects. Infusion hypersensitivity reactions occurring beyond the second dose are infrequent and not well characterized. We hypothesized that patients whose paclitaxel premedications were discontinued after two doses were unlikely to experience infusion hypersensitivity reactions with subsequent paclitaxel doses.Methods
Patients receiving paclitaxel-based chemotherapy who did not experience an infusion hypersensitivity reaction with their first or second dose had their paclitaxel premedications discontinued. The primary endpoint was to estimate the incidence of rescue medication for the treatment of paclitaxel infusion hypersensitivity during doses 3 to 6 for patients whose paclitaxel premedications had been discontinued.Results
After receiving the first two doses of paclitaxel-based chemotherapy without experiencing an infusion hypersensitivity reaction (any grade), 55 breast cancer patients had their premedications discontinued for all remaining paclitaxel doses. None of these patients required rescue medication to treat an infusion hypersensitivity reaction with subsequent doses.Conclusions
In patients who have not experienced an infusion hypersensitivity reaction with the first two doses of paclitaxel, discontinuation of paclitaxel premedications may be considered an option without an increased risk of infusion hypersensitivity requiring rescue medication. 相似文献997.
Foxp3 interacts with nuclear factor of activated T cells and NF-kappa B to repress cytokine gene expression and effector functions of T helper cells 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3 下载免费PDF全文
998.
999.
1000.
Congenital aortocaval fistula between right aortic sinus of Valsalva and superior vena cava: A rare case report 下载免费PDF全文
Mozhdeh Dabirian MD Ali Ghaemian MD Maryam Nabati MD Samad Golshani MD Mojtaba Shokri MD 《Echocardiography (Mount Kisco, N.Y.)》2018,35(3):413-416
Thoracic aortocaval fistula is a very rare cause of left to right shunt. Drainage of fistula into the superior vena cava (SVC) is very uncommon. Clinical symptoms depend on the size of the shunt. We report a rare case of an asymptomatic 27‐year‐old woman with congenital aortocaval fistula to the SVC with a small amount of left to right shunt that was considered for serial medical follow‐up. 相似文献