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11.
Martina Ruzickova Claire Slaney Julie Garnham Martin Alda 《Revue canadienne de psychiatrie》2003,48(7):458-461
OBJECTIVE: Several papers have reported higher prevalence of diabetes mellitus (DM) type 2 in patients suffering from bipolar disorder (BD). The possible links between these 2 disorders include treatment, lifestyle, alterations in signal transduction, and possibly, a genetic link. To study this relation more closely, we investigated whether there are any differences in the clinical characteristics of BD patients with and without DM. METHOD: We compared the clinical data of 26 diabetic and 196 nondiabetic subjects from The Maritime Bipolar Registry. Subjects were aged 15 to 82 years, with psychiatric diagnoses of BD I (n = 151), BD II (n = 65), and BD not otherwise specified (n = 6). The registry included basic demographic data and details on the clinical course of bipolar illness, its treatment, and physical comorbidity. In a subsequent analysis using logistic regression, we examined the variables showing differences between groups, with diabetes as an outcome variable. RESULTS: The prevalence of DM in our sample was 11.7% (n = 26). Diabetic patients were significantly older than nondiabetic patients (P < 0.001), had higher rates of rapid cycling (P = 0.02) and chronic course of BD (P = 0.006), scored lower on the Global Assessment of Functioning Scale (P = 0.01), were more often on disability for BD (P < 0.001), and had higher body mass index (P < 0.001) and increased frequency of hypertension (P = 0.003). Lifetime history of treatment with antipsychotics was not significantly associated with an elevated risk of diabetes (P = 0.16); however, the data showed a trend toward more frequent use of antipsychotic medication among diabetic subjects. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings suggest that the diagnosis of DM in BD patients is relevant for their prognosis and outcome. 相似文献
12.
Martina Plísková Jan Vondrácek Borivoj Vojtesek Alois Kozubík Miroslav Machala 《Toxicological sciences》2005,83(2):246-256
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), such as benzo[a]pyrene (BaP), are carcinogens suggested to be involved in development of human cancer. Several recent studies have reported that PAHs can activate estrogen receptors (ER), either directly or indirectly by producing estrogenic metabolites. We hypothesized that the activation of ER by PAHs or their metabolites could induce cell proliferation in estrogen-sensitive cells. In the present study, we found that two PAHs, benz[a]anthracene (BaA) and BaP, can stimulate proliferation of human breast carcinoma MCF-7 cells at concentrations 100 nM and higher. This effect was ER-dependent, because it was blocked by the pure antiestrogen ICI 182,780. Although both PAHs partially inhibited S-phase entry and DNA synthesis induced by 17beta-estradiol, they stimulated S-phase entry when applied to MCF-7 cells synchronized by serum deprivation. This was in contrast with model antiestrogenic aryl hydrocarbon receptor ligand, 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin, which fully suppressed S-phase entry. BaP, which is a strong mutagen, was found to induce p53 tumor suppressor expression, a partial S-phase arrest and at higher concentrations also cell death. Pifithrin-alpha, a synthetic inhibitor of p53 activity, abolished both S-phase arrest and apoptosis induced by genotoxic PAHs, and it potentiated the proliferative effect of BaP. Thus, both genotoxic and nongenotoxic events seem to interact in the effects of BaP on cell proliferation. Taken together, our data indicate that both BaA and BaP can stimulate cell proliferation through activation of ER. The proliferative effects of these carcinogenic compounds might contribute to tumor promotion in estrogen-sensitive tissues. 相似文献
13.
14.
Elizabeth Tolland Christos Kouimtsidis Martina Reynolds 《Drugs (Abingdon, England)》2003,10(2):195-202
Objectives: Little research has been carried out focusing on women who misuse substances, although existing evidence suggests that they represent a distinctive group. The aims of the current study are to determine prevalence of tobacco, alcohol and other drug use in women attending family planning services in a rural area and to investigate preferred sources of help-seeking. Methods: A prospective study using a self-completed questionnaire assessing use of tobacco, alcohol, other drugs, associated problems and sources of help-seeking. The sample included women attending family planning clinics in a rural area of southern England. Results: Fifty-three percent were current smokers,thirty-five percent misused alcohol and fourteen and a half percent had used other drugs in the last year. Those using each of the substances were significantly more likely to be 21 years or under. Not all those using substances indicated problems and sources of help varied with the presence of problems. Conclusions: Women attending family planing clinics are a self-selected group with a high level of substance use compared to the general population. This suggests that they may have a lifestyle incorporating more risky behaviours, including unsafe sexual behaviour. Once problems have occurred due to substance use, help needs to be more accessible. 相似文献
15.
Moe Sharon M.; O'Neill Kalisha D.; Reslerova Martina; Fineberg Naomi; Persohn Scott; Meyer Cristopher A. 《Nephrology, dialysis, transplantation》2004,19(11):2933
Nephrol Dial Transplant 2004; 19: 相似文献
16.
Bernhard Z?llner Heinz-Hubert Feucht Martina Sterneck Hansj?rg Sch?fer Xavier Rogiers Lutz Fischer 《Liver transplantation》2006,12(8):1283-1289
Hepatitis B virus (HBV) DNA is detectable in a number of liver transplant candidates who are negative for hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg). After liver transplantation (LT), such patients may have molecular and/or serologic evidence of HBV replication. However, clinical disease from reactivation of occult HBV infection after LT has not been described. We report a patient who underwent LT for cryptogenic cirrhosis and had to be retransplanted twice for hepatic artery thrombosis. The patient was negative for HBsAg and positive for anti-hepatitis B core (HBc) and anti-HBs before all LT procedures and developed acute hepatitis B shortly after receiving the third graft. The HBV strain isolated at that time exhibited an unusual in frame insertion of a CAG motif within the HBV polymerase (HBV(INS+)). HBV(INS+) was detected retrospectively as a minor species in pretransplantation sera and the explanted native liver by insertion-specific polymerase chain reaction. This case in an occult HBV carrier shows that clinically apparent, endogenous reinfection of the graft may occur with minor HBV variants that are not detectable in pretransplantation samples by standard diagnostic procedures. This has implications for the analysis of sources of acute hepatitis B in patients after LT and possibly for consideration of antiviral prophylaxis in anti-HBc/anti-HBs/HBV DNA-positive patients. 相似文献
17.
18.
Peter Regitnig Ferdinand Ploner Martina Maderbacher Sigurd F Lax 《Modern pathology》2004,17(5):597-602
Local recurrence of bilateral breast carcinomas is rare, but of biological interest, since it is unclear as to which tumor the local recurrence is related to, the ipsilateral or the contralateral, or whether it is an independent neoplasm. The aim of this study was to investigate the genetic relationship of bilateral breast carcinomas to each other and to their local recurrences. Eight cases of bilateral breast carcinomas, five with and three without local recurrence were analyzed using a microsatellite assay for 13 microsatellite loci. The presence of loss of heterozygosity and microsatellite instability in the various tumors was used for clonal analysis. All eight bilateral breast carcinomas showed divergent alterations in at least two microsatellite loci, which ruled out a genetic relationship. Four of five local recurrences were genetically related to the ipsilateral tumor and unrelated to the contralateral tumor. Only one local recurrence that occurred 11.8 years after the surgery of an infiltrative lobular carcinoma simultaneously with distant metastases was genetically related to the contralateral breast carcinoma. Although the number of cases in our study is limited, there is evidence that local recurrence of bilateral breast carcinoma frequently arises from the ipsilateral tumor. 相似文献
19.
Urban Sester Barbara C. Gärtner Heinrike Wilkens Bernhard Schwaab Rolf Wössner Ingrid Kindermann Matthias Girndt reas Meyerhans Nikolaus Mueller-Lantzsch Hans-Joachim Schäfers Gerhard W. Sybrecht Hans Köhler Martina Sester 《American journal of transplantation》2005,5(6):1483-1489
Patients after kidney, heart and lung transplantation differ in their immunosuppressive drug regimens and in susceptibility to infectious complications with cytomegalovirus (CMV). In this study, CMV-specific T-cell responses were characterized in long-term transplant recipients and associated with the frequency of infectious complications. CMV-reactive CD4 T cells from 50 healthy controls, 68 renal, 14 heart and 24 lung transplant recipients were flow cytometrically quantified by the induction of cytokines after specific stimulation. Moreover, the immunosuppressive effect of calcineurin inhibitors on specific T-cell reactivity was quantified in vitro and compared with responses in vivo. Median CMV-specific T-cell frequencies in long-term renal (1.48%; range 0.06-17.26%) and heart transplant recipients (0.90%; 0.13-12.49%) did not differ from controls (1.82%; 0.26-21.00%). In contrast, CMV-specific T-cell levels were significantly lower in lung transplant recipients (0.50%; <0.05-4.98%) and showed a significant correlation with the frequency of infectious episodes (r =-0.57, p = 0.005). The differences within the groups were associated with increasing dosages of immunosuppressive drugs, as exemplified for calcineurin inhibitors that dose dependently reduced specific T-cell reactivity in vitro. In conclusion, monitoring CMV-specific CD4 T cells may serve as a measure for long-term disease susceptibility and may contribute to an improved management of CMV complications after lung transplantation. 相似文献
20.
For the first time the composition of the bufadienolide complex in URGINEA HESPERIA Webb & Berth. has been investigated. From an extract of lyophilized plants, thirteen bufadienolides were isolated. By means of FAB-MS, (1)H-NMR, and (13)C-NMR studies the compounds were structurally elucidated as scillarenin, scilliphaeosidin, scillarenin-3- O-alpha- L-rhamnoside, scilliphaeosidin-3- O-alpha- L-rhamnoside, gamabufotalin-3- O-alpha- L-rhamnoside, 11alpha-hydroxyscilliglaucosidin-3- O-alpha- L-rhamnoside, scillarenin-3- O-alpha- L-2',3'-diacetylrhamnosido-4'-beta- D-glucoside, scillarenin-3- O-alpha- L-rhamnosido-4'-beta- D-glucosido-3'-beta- D-glucoside, scillarenin-3- O-alpha- L-rhamnosido-4'-beta- D-glucosido-4'-beta- D-glucoside, scillarenin-3- O-alpha- L-2',3'-diacetylrhamnosido-4'-beta- D-glucosido-3'-beta- D-glucoside, scillarenin-3- O-alpha- L-2',3'-diacetylrhamnosido-4'-beta- D-glucosido-4'-beta- D-glucoside, scilliphaeosidin-3- O-alpha- L-rhamnosido-4'-beta- D-glucosido-3'-beta- D-glucoside, and scilliphaeosidin-3- O-alpha- L-rhamnosido-4'-beta- D-glucosido-4'-beta- D-glucoside. 相似文献